541 results about "Sea urchin" patented technology

The invention discloses a composite cathode material of a lithium ion battery and a preparation method thereof, and pertains to the technical field of nano-materials and chemical power source. The material is a composite of cathode material and a carbon nanotube or carbon nanofiber; the method of the invention comprises the step of adopting a chemical vapor deposition process for the in-situ growth of the carbon nanotube or the carbon nanofiber on the surface of the cathode material; the invention has simple process, energy conservation and consumption reduction and low production cost; and the composite cathode material is prepared by the steps that the carbon nanotube or the carbon nanofiber are directly erected on the surface of the cathode material to form a sea urchin type structure, and the carbon nanotube or the carbon nanofiber has good distribution uniformity, concentration degree and crystallinity on the surface of the cathode material; and the invention is characterized by high conductivity, high capacity, capability of rapid charge and discharge and the like in performance. The materials prepared by adopting the method of the invention can be widely applied in the new energy devices including lithium ion batteries, supercapacitors and the like, and can also be applied to catalyst carrier, absorbing materials, conductive materials and heat conducting materials and the like.

The invention discloses a preparation method of multi-dimensional pure-phase W18O49. The preparation method comprises the steps of placing analytically pure WCl6 into alcohol to prepare a solution; stirring the solution until the solution turns from yellow to blue, and then, carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniformly-mixed solution; pouring the uniformly-mixed solution into a high-pressure reaction kettle, and then, introducing N2 to the reaction kettle; and then, placing the high-pressure reaction kettle into a homogeneous reactor, reacting at the temperature of 120-200 DEG C, then, separating and drying to obtain the multi-dimensional pure-phase W18O49. The preparation method is simple, low in raw material component and relatively low in raw material cost, both the reaction temperature and time are controlled within the relatively wide range, and the multi-dimensional pure-phase W18O49 is not needed to be subjected to later-period crystallization treatment, so that defects of grain growth, roughening or curling and the like possibly caused in the later-period heat treatment process are avoided to a certain extent. The W18O49 prepared by using the preparation method is various in shape such as a sea urchin shape assembled by using nanowires, a flower shape assembled by using sheets and a flower or sphere shape assembled by using wires.

The invention discloses a sea urchin-shaped hollow gold and silver alloy nano particle and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving silver nitrate into water; heating the mixture of the silver nitrate and the water till boiling; adding trisodium citrate aqueous solution in the mixture and keeping boiling for 3-30 minutes to obtain a silver colloid; mixing chloroauric acid aqueous solution and the water; adding the silver colloid under the condition of agitation at the temperature of 15 DEG C; adding hemoporphyrin metalporphyrin aqueous solution and obtaining a reaction solution after 5 min reaction; performing centrifugalization of the reaction solution, washing deposit obtained via centrifugalization, and obtaining the sea urchin-shaped hollow gold and silver alloy nano particle. The diameter of the nano particle is 80 nm-300 nm, the hollow size is 20 nm-50 nm, the length of a stab is 10 nm-30 nm, the diameter of the stab is 10 nm. The preparation method is simple, low in cost, gentle in condition, short in time, easy in process control, and large in production capacity. The obtained nano particle can be well applied to organic molecule detection, earlier detection of tumour and photothermal treatment.

The invention relates to a device floating on water and used for culture engineering facilities and a construction method thereof. The device comprises unit module type support structures which are repeatedly arrayed and connected with each other. The support structures assist a floating load and support a formed culture container, at least part of the support structures are composed of pipes containing gas. The culture container comprises a floating bottom support structure so as to assist in sizing the floating load. The device is applicable to culture devices for culturing unicellular algae and macroscopic algae on open water surface (e.g. sea surface), and aquatic organisms such as conch, abalone, sea cucumbers, sea urchin, crab, fish and shrimp on a large scale. The device is characterized by low cost, firm structure, resistance against wind and waves, being convenient for mounting, cleaning and removal operations of a large-area culture container and the like.

Botulinum neurotoxins, the most potent of all toxins, induce lethal neuromuscular paralysis by inhibiting exocytosis at the neuromuscular junction. The light chains (LC) of these dichain neurotoxins are a new class of zinc-endopeptidases that specifically cleave the synaptosomal proteins, SNAP-25, VAMP, or syntaxin at discrete sites. The present invention relates to the construction, expression, purification, and use of synthetic or recombinant botulinum neutoroxin genes. For example, a synthetic gene for the LC of the botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT / A) was constructed and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The gene product was purified from inclusion bodies. The methods of the invention can provide 1.1 g of the LC per liter of culture. The LC product was stable in solution at 4° C. for at least 6 months. This rBoNT / A LC was proteolytically active, specifically cleaving the Glu-Arg bond in a 17-residue synthetic peptide of SNAP-25, the reported cleavage site of BoNT / A. Its calculated catalytic efficiency kcat / Km was higher than that reported for the native BoNT / A dichain. Treating the rBoNT / A LC with mercuric compounds completely abolished its activity, most probably by modifying the cysteine-164 residue located in the vicinity of the active site. About 70% activity of the LC was restored by adding Zn2+ to a Zn2+-free, apo-LC preparation. The LC was nontoxic to mice and failed to elicit neutralizing epitope(s) when the animals were vaccinated with this protein. In addition, injecting rBoNT / A LC into sea urchin eggs inhibited exocytosis-dependent plasma membrane resealing.

The invention relates to a sea urchin shaped copper oxide catalyst, as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of catalysts. The preparation method for the sea urchin shaped copper oxide catalyst comprises the following steps of: dissolving a copper salt and a dispersant into an organic solvent, performing solvent heat reaction in an alkali environment, and thus obtaining the sea urchin shaped copper oxide catalyst. The method for preparing the sea urchin shaped copper oxide is concise, easy and convenient to operate, efficient, low in price and environment-friendly, and realizes large-scale preparation. The sea urchin shaped copper oxide catalyst prepared by the method is controllable in shape and granular size, and can be used for synthesizing organic silicon monomers.

The invention discloses a sea-urchin-shaped nanometer nickel silicate hollow sphere and a preparation method thereof. An appropriate quantity of silicon dioxide spherules and an appropriate amount of urea, soluble nickel salt and deionized water are added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle core, react for certain time inside a drying oven at the constant temperature of 80-150 DEG C and then are naturally cooled to indoor temperature; the prepared product is subjected to centrifugal washing and drying, an appropriate quantity of NaOH solutions and the product are together added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle and placed at the constant temperature of 100-200 DEG C to be subjected to hydrothermal reaction for certain time, and the product is subjected to centrifugal washing and drying and then calcined at certain temperature to prepare the sea-urchin-shaped nanometer nickel silicate hollow sphere. The prepared nickel silicate hollow sphere is tested by an X-ray diffractometer, a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope and is in a sea urchin shape, the wall of the sphere is quite thin, the specific surface area is large, particle size distribution is even, and the nickel silicate hollow sphere can serve as a material for manufacturing an electrochromic device and an electrode material for manufacturing a super capacitor.

The invention discloses a preparation method and an application of a magnetic metal - organic nanotube material. The preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) preparation of a Fe3O4 (ferroferric oxide) nanometer material; (2) surface hydroxylation of the Fe3O4 nanometer material: adding the Fe3O4 nanometer material prepared in step (1) into sodium dodecyl sulfate, stirring, and performing ultrasonic reaction; (3) surface silanization of Fe3O4; (4) connecting of the silanized Fe3O4 and 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid; (5) connecting of the surface of Fe3O4 modified by the 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid and the metal-organic nanotube material. The prepared metal-nanotube material has the advantages that [Co2(bpdc)1.5(Hbpz] DMF CH3CN H2O crystals of a metal - organic nanotube are radially and uniformly distributed at the surface of Fe3O4, and form a sea urchin shape; a one-dimensional weaving structure is formed by stacking different lengths in an overlapping way, so that the absorbing of polychlorinated biphenyl in a sample is favorable.

The invention discloses a star-like radial allocation method for artificial reefs, which is characterized in that a cubic reef form with the side length of 1 to 2 meters is used as a main reef, 3 to 8 auxiliary reefs with the height of 80 to 120 centimeters are uniformly distributed on the circumference which uses the main reef as the central point, the main reef and each auxiliary reef are connected through a stone connection bridge with the length of 3 to 6 meters, and the categories of the adjacent auxiliary reefs are diverse. The artificial reefs are closer to the reality and are favorable for the balance of the ecological system, and the stone connection bridge serving as a radiation belt provides a bridge for the movement of rare seafood among the reefs and plays a role in sheltering. Through on-site sea area tests, the rare seafood such as sea cucumber, sea hedgehog, abalone and the like can rest in gaps among the main reef, the auxiliary reefs and the stone connection bridges or on the surfaces; the good growth condition of algae on the reefs provides baits for the rare seafood, so the proliferation effect of the rare seafood is obvious; and reef-associated fishes such as hexagrammos otakii, sebastes schlegeli and the like rest in the main reef and the auxiliary reefs, so the whole reef group structure is stable and forms a good small ecosystem.

The invention discloses a preparation method of sea urchin-like Ni / Co composite basic carbonate and belongs to the technical field of inorganic material preparation. The preparation method includes the steps of adding a precipitating agent to a mixed solution containing a nickel salt and a cobalt salt, obtaining a compound precipitation with control of the reaction temperature, and filtering, water-washing and drying the precipitation to obtain the sea urchin-like Ni / Co composite basic carbonate microspheres. The invention has following advantages: (1) a quick preparation method of the sea urchin-like Ni / Co composite basic carbonate microspheres is provided; (2) by means of the method, the morphology of the prepared sea urchin-like Ni / Co composite basic carbonate microspheres can be adjusted through adjustment of temperature; and (3) the method is simple in reaction process, is mild in condition, is short in processes and is suitable for industrial production.

The invention provides an artificial algal reef for purifying water quality and adsorbing spores by using coke, which is characterized in that: a solid base made of concrete is arranged on the artificial algal reef; the upper part of the solid base is provided with a hollow body; the four lateral surfaces of the solid base are provided with a groove respectively; two sides of the lower part of the hollow body are provided with steel bar hanging ring respectively; the upper part of the hollow body is capped by a plastic plate; the four lateral surfaces of the hollow body are provided with a plurality of round holes respectively; and a flexible material of a fishnet sheet is wound in the grooves. The artificial algal reef with the structure makes full use of the adsorbability of the coke, can effectively purify the water quality and adsorb the seaweed spores, is favorable for the growth of macroscopic algae, and simultaneously can completely prevent sea urchins from ingesting seaweeds, and has the advantages of stable structure, simple manufacturing, readily available materials, low cost and obvious effects of purifying the water quality and proliferating algae.

The present invention relates to a seafood dried bean curd and a production method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of food. The seafood dried bean curd comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 80-100 parts of soybean, 20-30 parts of Chinese penis fish, 20-30 parts of eel, 10-20 parts of scallop, 8-15 parts of crab roe, 10-20 parts of sea urchin gonad, 5-8 parts of milkvetch root, 4-6 parts of common turmeric rhizome, 3-5 parts of cassiabarktree twig, 5-9 parts of honeysuckle, 3-6 parts of obtuseleaf senna seed, 3-5 parts of litsea cubeba, 3-5 parts of prepared common monkshood daughter root, 5-9 parts of lemon peel, 5-8 parts of green onion, 3-6 parts of ginger, 3-5 parts of five spice powder, 8-15 parts of a cooking wine, 3-5 parts of salt and 2-3 parts of sugar. According to the seafood dried bean curd, the previous dried bean curd processing tradition is broken, the seafood is added during the saucing process while the plurality of the traditional Chinese medicines are added, characteristics of reasonable nutrition match, rich taste, direct taking and no requirement of secondary processing are provided, and nutrient elements contained in the soybeans are substantially ensured.

The invention discloses a method for preparing titanate, titanic acid and titanium dioxide. The method for preparing titanate comprises the following steps: carrying out hydrolysis reaction on a titanium source to obtain hydrated titanium acid precipitates, wherein the titanium source is selected from one or a composition of more of titanium sulfate, titanyl sulfate, titanium tetrachloride, titanium tetrafluoride, titanium ethoxide, titanium propoxide, tetrabutyl titanate, ethylene glycol titanium, glycerol titanium and ammonium fluorotitanate; dispersing the hydrated titanium acid precipitates in an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution containing strong base for hydrothermal reaction, and thus obtaining sea urchin titanate with a micro-nano hierarchical structure. The method can overcome some defects of titanate, titanic acid and titanium dioxide prepared into nanowire or nanotube structures.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a sea urchin shaped microspheric lanthanum oxycarbonate adsorbent capable of removing phosphorus from water bodies, relates to a preparation method of an adsorbent capable of removing phosphorus from the water bodies, and aims to solve the technical problems that conventional phosphorus removing methods with lanthanum elements at present are mostly based on lanthanum oxide or introduction of a lanthanum element modified adsorbent, and the saturated adsorption quantity of the lanthanum oxide or the lanthanum element modified adsorbent is relatively low. The preparation method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: I, performing synthesis of a microspheric adsorbent precursor; II, performing washing and drying; III, performing calcining and shaping. The preparation technology of the lanthanum oxycarbonate adsorbent prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple, large-scale preparation can be realized, the lanthanum oxycarbonate adsorbent has good phosphorus removing effects on the water bodies, phosphorus in eutrophication water bodies can be removed to the state that the phosphorus content is 5 [mu]g / L or below, the phosphorus removing rate reaches 99% or above, and the largest saturated adsorption quantity is as high as 255.72 mg / g. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is applied to the field of water treatment.

A multi-layer drawer-type apparatus for culturing the benthic aquatic animals in it, such as abalone, sea urchin, sea cucumber, etc, is composed of a cabinet-type case with multiple drawer channels, and multiple drawers (one for each drawer channel). It can be stand up in the water tank with drain.

The invention discloses a preparation method of sea urchin-like double-shell hollow microspheres. The preparation method comprises coating the surface of a polystyrene microsphere as a template with silicon dioxide, coating the surface of silicon dioxide with titanium dioxide through a sol-gel method, carrying out surface etching on the outer titanium dioxide based on the double-shell microsphereas a template through a hydrothermal method so that a part of Ti-O bonds on the surface of the microsphere are broken and titanium dioxide nanosheets are formed, and carrying out high-temperature calcination to remove the polystyrene template and to obtain the sea urchin-like double-shell hollow microsphere with an irregular sheet structure on the surface. The sea urchin-like double-shell hollow microsphere has a low heat conductivity coefficient. The outer titanium dioxide contains an anatase phase and a rutile phase. Through use of the sea urchin-like double-shell hollow microspheres in thetraditional coating, the heat conductivity coefficient of the coating is reduced, the light reflectivity is improved and the excellent thermal insulation effect is obtained. The sea urchin-like double-shell hollow microsphere has good absorption and reflection effects on UVA and UVB in the ultraviolet light.

The invention relates to sea urchin shaped cobalt sulfide loaded on foam nickle as well as a preparation method thereof and application thereof as a water electrolysis oxygen evolution catalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, placing foam nickle in an organic cleaning agent to remove greasy dirt on the surface of the foam nickle through ultrasonic cleaning, and then, placing the foam nickle in diluted acid solution to remove impurities on the surface of the foam nickle through ultrasonic cleaning; 2, dissolving cobalt nitrate and thioacetamide in a mixed solvent, andstirring until dissolution to obtain a catalyst precursor solution; and 3, transferring the catalyst precursor solution to a reaction still with foam nickle, and after hydrothermal reaction, obtainingthe sea urchin shaped cobalt sulfide loaded on foam nickle. The catalysis oxygen evolution performance of the sea urchin shaped cobalt sulfide catalyst is high; and the sea urchin shaped cobalt sulfide catalyst can be applied to catalyze water electrolysis electrode material and is low in preparation cost, simple in operating technology and high in catalysis stability.

The invention discloses a method for preparing micro structural zinc oxide by a hydrothermal method. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-30 is used as a template, zinc acetate dihydrate is used as a zinc source, and H2O2 is used as an oxidant; and a zinc oxide material with four micro structures of sea urchin shape, taper, hexagonal prism self-assembled solid sphere and sugarcoated haw shape is prepared by controlling the reactant concentration, the hydrothermal growth time and the reaction temperature. The method is simple and has the advantages of low cost, mild condition, no environmental pollution and the like. The prepared micro zinc oxide material has high purity, regular crystal structure, good shape controllability and short production period, and has huge application prospect on the aspects of fuel cells, photoelectric conversion materials, chemical sensors and the like.

The invention discloses a sea urchin-like CoZnAl-LDH / RGO / g-C3N4Z type heterojunction and a preparation method thereof. The sea urchin-like CoZnAl-LDH / RGO / g-C3N4Z type heterojunction is prepared by a simple hydrothermal reaction. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dropwise adding an ultrasonically dispersed reduced graphene oxide and graphite suspension to a deionized aqueous solution of cobalt nitrate, zinc nitrate, aluminum nitrate and urea, performing stirring, transferring the obtained mixture into an autoclave, and carrying out the high-temperature hydrothermal reactionto obtain the sea urchin-like CoZnAl-LDH / RGO / g-C3N4Z type heterojunction with a size of 5-7 [mu]m. The sea urchin-like CoZnAl-LDH / RGO / g-C3N4Z type heterojunction has the advantages of high specific surface area, high photon utilization rate and high photogenerated electron and hole separation efficiency, and can be applied to the fields of catalysis and energy conversion.

The invention belongs to the technical field of nano material preparing. A sea-urchin-shaped gold nano particle synthesis method comprises the following steps that firstly, a soluble silver source anda soluble gold source are evenly mixed, a weak reducing agent is rapidly added, stirring is conducted for a certain time, and a silver / gold seed with the rough surface is obtained; and secondly, thesilver / gold seed and a certain number of gold sources are mixed, and after stirring is conducted for 20 s, centrifugal separation is conducted, the mixture is scattered into deionized water again, andsea-urchin-shaped gold nano particles are obtained. By means of the method, the sea-urchin-shaped gold nano particles high in yield and adjustable in particle size and surface spine density, length and width can be obtained. The gold nano particles with different spine structures have different ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra, and adjustable red shift of an LSPR peak can be shown. In addition, the gold nano particles, namely the sea-urchin-shaped gold nano particles different in spine structure can have different degrees of enhancing functions on raman signals. The method has good application potentials on surface enhanced raman scattering.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a graded mesoporous γ-Al2O3 nanostructure adsorbent. The method is as follows: first, one of aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, aluminum nitrate, aluminum potassium sulfate and aluminum ammonium thiourea species, or a mixture thereof in any proportion is dissolved in distilled water, and then a certain amount of thiourea is added respectively, stirred evenly and then transferred to a hydrothermal kettle for hydrothermal treatment, and the product is naturally cooled, filtered, washed, vacuum-dried and roasted, A series of graded mesoporous γ-Al2O3 nanostructured adsorbent products in the form of microspheres, sheets, sea urchins and spindles were obtained. This method has the advantages of simple process, mild conditions, and various hierarchical nanostructures. The prepared hierarchical mesoporous alumina nanostructure material has excellent adsorption and purification effects on the refractory organic matter phenol in water, and has excellent adsorption and purification effects on the most important greenhouse gas CO2 Also has good adsorption capacity.

The invention discloses a preparation method of super-hydrophobic magnetic sponge. The preparation method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, preparing sea urchin shaped carbon-coated ferroferric oxide particles with super-hydrophobicity and super-paramagnetic property by using ferrocene and dry ice as raw materials; then adding the particles into tetrahydrofuran, and mixing with a binding agent; after uniformly mixing, soaking commercial polyurethane sponge completely cleaned by water and tetrahydrofuran into a mixed solution of the particles and binding gent, taking out, and drying to obtain the super-hydrophobic magnetic sponge. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and feasible, and is low in cost; the prepared super-hydrophobic magnetic sponge can be applied to the environmental pollution treatment.

The invention discloses a green preparation method of sea urchin shaped nanogold and application of the nanogold in tumor imaging and treatment. Chloroauric acid is mainly used as a gold source, a stabilizer, a reducing agent and a growth inhibitor are successively added, and the nanogold is prepared by adopting a one-step synthesis method. The method is simple, mild, green and friendly to the environment. The synthesized sea urchin shaped nanogold can serve as a contrast agent to be applied to multiple medical imaging modes such as opto-acoustic imaging (PA), positron emission computed tomography imaging (PET) and infrared thermal imaging (TI), patients can obtain multiple diagnostic effects only by needing to bear one contrast agent for dose, the dosage of contrast agent can be reduced, and the toxic and side effects are thus reduced. In addition, the material can achieve conversion of light and heat under near-infrared light irradiation of 808 nm, can absorb a large number of X rays, has higher light-heat conversion efficiency, and can be used for the preparation of a therapeutic agent for light and heat treatment (PTT), radiotherapy (RT), or combined therapy of PTT / RT of tumor cells.

The invention provides a method for preparing a sea urchin like polyaniline microspheres supported catalyst, which belongs to the technical field of polymer supported catalytic material preparation, wherein polystyrene microspheres prepared by a soap-free emulsion polymerization method are used as seeds, and sea urchin like polyaniline microspheres are prepared by a seed swelling polymerization method. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, adding aniline monomers into aqueous solution of the polystyrene microspheres, stirring the mixture for a period of time so that the aniline monomers are swelled into the polystyrene microspheres; secondly, adding the mixture into aqueous solution of iron-based oxidants so that the aniline monomers swelled into the polystyrene microspheres can react with the oxidants so as to obtain the sea urchin like polyaniline composite microspheres; and thirdly, using a catalyst MoO2(acac)2 to perform load reaction with the prepared sea urchin like polyaniline composite microspheres to syntheize a polyaniline supported molybdenum-based catalyst. When the prepared polyaniline supported molybdenum-based catalyst is used for catalyzing cyclooctene to perform epoxidation, and tert-butyl hydroperoxide is used as an oxygen source, and good catalytic activity and the recycling performance are represented.

A gas diffusion electrode includes a gas diffusion layer and a catalytic layer; the catalytic layer is composed of conductive polymer nanorods and a catalyst attached onto the conductive polymer nanorods; the conductive polymer nanorods in the catalytic layer is vertically grown on the surface of carbon powder particles of a microporous layer in situ to form a sea urchin-shaped structure in microscopic scale; the catalyst is attached onto the surface of the conductive polymer nanorods. Preparation of the gas diffusion electrode includes the steps: (a) preparation of the gas diffusion layer; (b) preparation of the conductive polymer nanorods; and (c) preparation of the catalytic layer. Compared with the prior art, the gas diffusion electrode has a certain network structure formed while the catalyst dispersion effect and the utilization rate are improved; compared with an array ordering structure completely vertical to a basal layer, the network structure enables the collision frequency of gas molecules and the catalyst to be increased; the MEA assembled by the gas diffusion electrode has the battery performance improved when having the same catalyst loading amount. The preparation method is simple and easy to implement and is suitable for mass production. The gas diffusion electrode produced by batch has relatively good consistency.

The present invention relates to food processing, and is especially the nutrient liquid of abalone, sea cucumber and sea chestnut and its production process. The nutrient liquid consists of abalone extracting liquid, sea cucumber extracting liquid and sea chestnut extracting liquid in the ratio of 1 to 0.010-100 to 0.010-100 and the concentrated mixed liquid has a soluble solid matter content of 0.1-10 %. The production process includes crushing fresh abalone, sea cucumber and sea chestnut material, extraction with alcohol, heating via stirring, centrifugation to eliminate dreg, eliminating alcohol, concentration, filtering and other steps. Similarly, single oral liquid of abalone extracting liquid, sea cucumber extracting liquid or sea chestnut extracting liquid may be also produced. The present invention has no damage to the nutrients of abalone, sea cucumber and sea chestnut and is health food capable of raising immunity and strengthening physique.

The cultivation method of sea urchin tetraploid fingerlings has the steps that the urchin seedling is dried in shade for 0 to 40 minutes. The 0.5 to 2.0 ml 0.5 mol / L KCl solution is injected from the sea urchin membrana peristomialis for the spawing and spermiation. The urchine eggs and sperms are collected, and the hybrid fertilization is implemented. The developmental temperature of fertilized eggs is controlled between 17 to 18 DEG C. The fertilized eggs in concentration with a mix silk net are collected after 55 to 65 minutes of the fertilization, which are packed in a closed bag and disposed in a pressure vessel of a hydrostatic pressure equipment and the ambient temperature is identified between 17 to 18 DEG C. The pressure treatment is implemented after 60 to 70 minutes of the fertilization, in which the pressure is controlled between 70 to 80MPa and the processing time is controlled between 6 to 8 minutes. Afterwards the fertilized eggs are disposed inside a bin for hatching and stirred, and the incubation temperature is controlled between 16 to 18 DEG C. After floated, the embryos are selected with the proper aeration. The bait feeding is implemented during the larvae cultivation period. The water is exchanged 1 to 3 times everyday, and each time the quantity of water exchange is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3. The pond water is exchanged once every three days. The tetraploid fingerlings cultivated with the method can produce the triploid fingerlings, thus the time of processing and the time to the market are extended.

A method for preparing nanometer manganese dioxide by microwave heating reflux comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a reaction solution by soluble divalent manganese salt and soluble persulfate; (2) putting the reaction solution in a microwave oven with a microwave frequency of 2.45 GHz, a microwave power of 100-850 W, a reaction temperature of 90-100 DEG C and reaction time of 5-30 min; after the reaction, separating, washing and drying the product to obtain a gamma-MnO2 nano-material. In step (1), 1-5 mL concentrated sulfuric acid is added into the reaction solution of soluble divalent manganese salt and soluble persulfate, and the obtained reaction product is a sea urchin-shaped alpha-MnO2 micro-sphere. The manganese dioxide material prepared by the invention is applicable to the fields of super capacitor electrode materials, battery electrode materials, catalysts, and the like.

The invention belongs to the field of improvement of the Raman scattering effect on the surfaces of silicon chips and discloses a preparation method of a substrate for improving the Raman scattering effect on the surface of zinc oxide wrapped by silver and gold nanoparticles. The method comprises the steps that a polystyrene microsphere layered array which covers the silicon chip substrate is subjected to gold steaming operation, and then an electrodeposition method is used for obtaining a zinc oxide nanorod array; then, the materials are soaked in a methylbenzene solution and washed by deionized water; the gold steaming operation is conducted again; finally, through a primary cell sedimentation method, silver nanoparticles are deposited on the surface of a zinc oxide nanorod hollow ball.According to the method, in combination with the chemical improvement function of zinc oxide and the physical improvement function of silver, the obtained substrate has high SERS activity; the complex-layer nanometer structure is arrayed regularly in order, the SERS signal homogeneity and repeatability of the substrate are good, and coupling of the high electromagnetic field can be achieved through a sea urchin shape; the preparation process is simple and low in cost, and the prepared product can be widely applied to quick detection in the fields of environment, chemistry, biology and the like.

The invention discloses a method for preparing sea urchin shaped titanium dioxide hollow microsphere. The method comprises the steps that 1, dispersing ordinary titanium dioxide hollow microspheres in a 10 mol / L solution, then transferring to a polytetrafluoroethylene reactor; 2, sealing the polytetrafluoroethylene reactor then placing in an oven, heating to 120 to 150 DEG C, and thermal insulation reacting for 1-3 hours, after completion of the reaction, cooling naturally to room temperature, filtering, and resulting in filter residue A, rinsing the filter residue A with distilled water to neutral, and drying naturally; 3, dispersing the residue A dried naturally in diluted hydrochloric acid, rinsing, filtrating, and resulting in filter residue B, rinsing the residue B with distilled water to neutral, and drying naturally; 4, placing the naturally dried residue B in a muffle furnace, heating to 400 DEG C at the heating rate of 1 DEG C / min, after 1 hour thermal insulation, cooling naturally to room temperature. The sea urchin shaped titanium dioxide hollow microsphere prepared by the method has large specific surface area and strong light absorption performance, and exhibits excellent photoelectric conversion performance in the area of dye sensitization solar cell.