2003 results about "Eutrophication" patented technology

The invention relates to a multi-effect pollution removal purifying agent and a method for applying the same. The purifying agent is complexly formed by a strong oxidant, an effective adsorbent and an assistant medicament by a weight percentage of strong oxidant 10-80%, effective adsorbent 10-70% and assistant medicament 5-50%. The surface water treatment process of using multi-effect pollution removal purifying agent of the invention comparing with the common flocculants has the following advantages: effectively improving the turbidity removal ratio, increasing the flcos formation amount and alum blossom density for the difficult coagulated surface water, improving the deposition efficiency, oxidizing and removing the organic matters in the water, eliminating the chroma and odor caused by the pollution, increasing the effluent conventional indexes, obviously improving the indexes such as oxygen consumption and ammonia nitrogen, wherein the removal rate of oxygen consumption and ammonia nitrogen can reach 25-60%, the removal rate of small organic molecules, benzenes and phenols can reach more than 80%, playing an obvious roll for the algae inactivation of lake water and reservoir water which are serious eutrophic, improving the algae removal efficiency of the deposition and filtration technologies with an algae removal rate of 80-90%, improving the coagulation efficiency, reducing 20-30% of the common flocculant dosage, effectively adsorbing the codeposition heavy-metal ion. The adding equipment of the invention is easy and convenient to use with little investment and fast effect.

The invention relates to a slope protection forming method of a landscape-type multi-level stepped constructed wetland, which has the effect of intercepting and purifying pollutants entering river channels in the form of surface sources. Sand-free concrete piles and slabs are inserted to form pile-slab components, and a slope protection system from high to low is formed on the river bank slope from the bank slope to the river bed. Planting areas are set on the side of the pile slabs, and there are fillers inside. Geotextiles are installed on the bankside side of the slab, so that when the non-point source pollutants flow from the river bank to the river, the plants planted in the planting area absorb the eutrophication in the polluted water, and the biofilm is formed on the surface of the filler to absorb and degrade the pollutants. After this The sewage treated at the first stage continues to infiltrate or overflow, enters the second row, and goes down step by step. Finally, the sewage is purified to a greater extent and flows into the river. It solves the defects of natural, hard and ecological slope protection. The structure is simple, easy for industrial production, the construction amount is small, the land is saved, and the landscape is beautified.

The invention discloses a river crab integrated culture method in ponds. The river crab integrated culture method in the ponds comprises the following steps of preparing the ponds; equipping the ponds with escape-proof facilities, water inlet and drainage facilities and bottom aeration facilities; breeding snails, river crabs, freshwater shrimps, dark sleepers and Aristichthysnobilis; planting aquatic plants; feeding feedstuff; managing water quality and sloughing. According to the river crab integrated culture method in the ponds, the ecological layout is adjusted, the self-purifying capacity of the ponds is improved, the pressure exerted on creatures by eutrophication of a water environment and the ponds can be released, the ecological balance and the stabilization of the water quality can be kept, and accordingly the disease incidence are reduced and the foundation for achieving high and stable yields is laid; meanwhile, existing culture facilities are fully taken advantages of, the comprehensive productivity of the ponds is improved, and accordingly the overall economic benefits are improved. The river crab integrated culture method in the ponds is beneficial to utilizing solar energy and the feedstuff to the utmost, preventing diseases and improving the capacity of resisting natural and market risks. Through the embodiment of the river crab integrated culture method in the ponds, the disease incidence of the crabs cultured in the ponds can be reduced, and the culture loss and culture risks can be reduced. The predicted comprehensive benefits of the culture can be improved, and meanwhile the pollution of the ecological environment of a water area caused by the culture can be reduced.

The present invention relates to environment protecting technology, and is especially one kind of sludge drying treatment process. The present invention is one low-cost combined sludge drying and utilizing process integrating microwave technology, aerobic fermentation technology and heat pump drying technology. The present invention is suitable for treatment of different kinds of sludge, and the sludge product has wide applications, including use as organic fertilizer, use as the material for composite organic fertilizer and building material, use as fuel for incinerating garbage and heating boiler, etc.

The invention discloses a method for removing water eutrophication, which comprises the following steps of: investigating a community structure of aquatic organisms in water body, and finding a missing link or broken link in a food chain according to an investigation result; stocking predacious fishes in the water body, removing small trash fishes and herbivorous fishes from the water body by adopting a medicament mode or a manual fishing mode, and regulating the community structure of the fishes in the water body; planting submerged plants, floating plants and emergent aquatic plants in the water with the depth of 0 to 1.5m; and stocking filter-feeding fishes, filter-feeding shellfishes, detritus feeding benthonic animals and herbivorous fishes in the water body. The method for removing water eutrophication can realize the removal of the water eutrophication and ecological restoration for large-scale water body of which the parameters cannot be manually controlled, effectively inhibit the outburst of algal bloom and keep the stable quality of the water body.

A controlled eutrophication system and process are disclosed. The system includes the combination of a partitioned aquaculture system in conjunction with an anaerobic digester. Wastewater containing pollutants, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, are fed to the partitioned aquaculture system. Algae within the system converts the pollutants into algal biomass. Fish populations, in turn, control the algal populations. The fish populations may then be periodically harvested for human or animal consumption. A polishing chamber is contained in the system in which aquatic organisms remove substantial amounts of the algae from batch fed additions of water. The water is then discharged to an external water source containing virtually no pollutants. In one embodiment, the biomass excreted by the aquatic organisms in the system are collected and fed to a digester. In the digester, the biomass is converted to a hydrocarbon gas and collected for its fuel value, while the liquid fraction is collected for its fertilizer value.

The invention relates to a micro-algae industrialization production device and a method of producing the micro-algae, which belong to the engineering field of the micro-algae culturing and the technical field of the environmental protection. An air-pushed type photobiology reactor unit device is an annular shallow pond built by bricks and concrete, an isolation wall with both ends opened is built in the shallow pond, a liquid drainage pipe and a liquid replacement pipe are arranged in the air-pushed type photobiology reactor unit device, an air inlet pipe is fixed on the isolation wall in the middle part of the air-pushed type photobiology reactor unit device and is connected with a plurality of L-shaped branch pipes, a plurality of micro blowholes are arranged on side walls of the transversal pipes of the branch pipes, the whole air-pushed type photobiology reactor unit device is covered by agricultural film and is provided with a skylight, to form an enclosed type photobiology reactor. The device combines the individual advantage of the open type photobiology reactor and the enclosed type photobiology reactor, by adopting the industrial waste gas and the eutrophication surface water or the industrial wastewater as the main raw material to perform micro-algae culturing in a large scale, especially to culture the micro-algae with high oil percentage, to provide the large or medium sized bio-diesel factory with raw oil, and simultaneously the emission reduction of carbon dioxide and the treatment of polluted water body are realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration of water environment, and especially relates to a biological and ecological restoration system of eutrophic rivers and lakes. Ecological floating beds are laid along a bank, the water surface coverage rate of the floating beds is 15-20%, and each of the floating beds consists of a floating plate, planting baskets, a planting basket filler, floating bed plants, a nylon net, immobilized microorganism particles, a biological filler and artificial waterweeds. The planting baskets are placed in the planting basket holes of the floating plate, the planting basket filler is arranged in the planting baskets, the floating bed plants are planted in the planting basket filler, the nylon net suspends below the floating plate, the immobilized microorganism particles suspend between plant roots, the biological filler suspends below the nylon net, the artificial waterweeds are planted at the water bottom, and submerged plants are properly planted in a water area with two times in the transparency. The system has the advantages of simple and economic carrier, high strength, good durability, reliable planting, natural water ecological landscape, and engineering water quality improvement; and compared with systems in the prior art, the system focuses on the ecological restoration and construction of river and lake water, realizes the self purification, self regulation and self maintenance of pollutants in a certain concentration range, and is an effective way to improve the water quality without all-basin pollutant interception at the present stage.

The invention discloses an ecological monitoring information management and pre-warning system for river-communicating lakes. The system comprises a hydrological module, a water quality and water ecology module, a river beach ecology system module, a species diversity module, a multi-element information mining module and a risk assessment pre-warning and analysis module, wherein the risk assessment pre-warning and analysis module comprises a low-water-level pre-warning module, a species diversity pre-warning module and a eutrophication risk assessment and pre-warning module. According to the system, modern information management functions of data and information electronic storage, data dynamic acquisition and transmission, intelligent query, information display and the like can be realized; the effect of analyzing heterogeneity and diversity of data and ecological characteristics of the data is good; and a monitoring result can be subjected to automatic determination and real-time pre-warning.

The invention provides a material and a method for repairing polluted water and bottom mud. Specifically, nontoxic and innoxious solid particulates are adopted and are loaded with microbes according to a certain method before preparing a composite material; the composite material is used for in-situ flocculation or adsorption of pollutants in water, and transfers the pollutants to the bottom mud, so as to realize in-situ collection and concentration of the pollutants in water and fast degradation in the bottom mud; and after settling to the bottom mud, the composite material can also degrade pollutants in the bottom mud, so as to improve the water quality bottom matter environment. The invention can be applied to the comprehensive repairing of shallow water type lakes, slow flow river channels, small-sized reservoirs, wetlands and ponds which are eutrophicated or seriously polluted by organic substances.

The invention discloses a fresh water scale pond ecological breeding system. The system comprises five parts, namely a breeding pond, a pond water normal-position distributed treatment part, a pond discharge water abnormal-position centralized treatment part, a backwater function recovery treatment part and a pond water quality compensation treatment part. Breeding water aquatic ecology, pond breading and an aquaculture engineering technology are integrated organically; and pond microcirculation is formed through absorption, decomposition and nitrification functions of microorganisms, algae and the aquatic plants, particularly continuous removal of aquatic plants with growth and intermittent water supply, so that the utilization rate of pond eutrophic substances is improved, and breeding backwater is restored. The system has the remarkable effects of water saving and emission reduction and provides the high-efficiency pond ecological breeding system which is novel in process and is high in operability and economic and practical and has a unique structure for fishery industrialization and scale production.

The invention relates to a method for constructing an agricultural drainage and ecological purification system. The method comprises the following steps that: an elliptic ecological buffer area is formed at the tail end of an agricultural drainage channel and before an agricultural drainage culvert pipe; aquatic plants which can easily absorb N and P nutrient elements are planted in the ecological buffer area; an agricultural drainage ecological purification barrel is arranged in the agricultural drainage culvert pipe; a biological purification ring is arranged on the ecological purification barrel; water drained out of a farmland flows through the ecological buffer area by the agricultural drainage channel; certain suspended pollutants are settled and intercepted by staying for a certainperiod of time in the ecological buffer area to achieve a preliminary water purification effect and the effect of controlling the flow rate and the retention time; and larger suspended sundries are further intercepted by a wire mesh at the front end of the agricultural drainage ecological purification barrel before the water drained out of the farmland flows into the agricultural drainage ecological purification barrel to ensure that the inside of the purification barrel cannot be blocked. The method has the advantages that: the N and P nutrient elements in the water drained out of the farmland is effectively reduced by an ecological method in combination with the construction of the agricultural drainage culvert pipe, so that a receiving water body is prevented from being eutrophicated.

The invention provides a composite phosphorus-free corrosion and scale inhibitor and its application. The composite phosphorus-free corrosion and scale inhibitor is composed of a corrosion and scale inhibitor A and a corrosion and scale inhibitor B, wherein the corrosion and scale inhibitor A is obtained through mixing polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA), sodium gluconate and water; and the corrosion and scale inhibitor B is obtained through mixing hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride (HPMA), an acrylic acid/2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolymer (AA/AMPS), a zinc salt, a fluorescent tracer and water. The composite phosphorus-free corrosion and scale inhibitor, which compounds the corrosion and scale inhibitor A and the corrosion and scale inhibitor B according to a weight ratio of the corrosion and scale inhibitor A to the corrosion and scale inhibitor B of 1:2, has the advantages of excellent corrosion and scale inhibition effects, avoiding of a water eutrophication problem caused by phosphorus discharge, environmental pollution mitigation, and good environmental protection property.

The invention relates to a method for the eutrophication treatment of deepwater of reservoirs. The method is characterized in that an ecologic idea is used as a core guiding idea of treatment to build or restore a complex ecological water system structure in order to restore the self functions of the ecologic water system. Proper physical measures are combined on the basis of knowing the reservoir characteristics to realize the development toward a healthy direction. The method mainly comprises the steps of (1) control of the pollution source in a river basin; (2) reasonable arrangement of the flow direction of water; (3) plantation of aquatic higher plants or herbaceous plants on a floating bed; (4) plantation of submerged plants on a platform in water; (5) change of the fish structure; (6) stocking and hanging breeding of benthonic animals comprising mussels and snails; (7) hanging of a biological membrane in order to provide an adherence for microorganisms and the like; (8) construction of a constructed wetland or plantation of emerged plants in the shallow position of the tail of water reservoirs; and (9) plantation of drought and flooding tolerant herbaceous plants in the falling zone. The method does not bring secondary pollution to the water in the treatment process, and is especially suitable for the eutrophication treatment of water in a water source.

The invention discloses an integrated type ecological floating bed and the water body ecological system repairing technology thereof. A physical space of the integrated type ecological floating bed is formed by constructing a floating bed, a sinking bed, a buoyancy adjusting bottle, a lifting chain and an ecological barricading net, and integrates ecological components such as indigenous emergent aquatic plants, submerged plants, attached aquatic plants, fishes, snails and biochemical zeolite. The ecological behaviors of the ecological components are in linear cause and effect relation. The ecological components and organisms in the physical space form a semi-enclosed ecological subsystem with integral completeness. The upper line and the water body ecological system to be repaired are strong in coupling capability, and ecological factors in the lower line can exist stably. The damaged water body ecological system sufferring from one or a plurality of types of pollutions including water body eutrophication, heavy metal pollution, organic pollution and the like can be repaired by building pioneer communities and utilizing self-cleaning capability of the ecological system, pollution is removed, integral restoration or rebuilding of the damaged water body ecological system is promoted, simultaneously environment is beautified, and ecological deterioration of a healthy water body can be prevented.

The invention discloses a method for preparing quaternary amine salt ion adsorbent by using a plant with high cellulose content. Straw stalks with high cellulose content, epichlorohydrin and tri-ethylamine are taken as raw materials, ethylene diamine, diethylene triamine pentacetic acid (DTPA) or triethylenetetramine, etc are used as crosslinking agent to prepare the adsorbent under the condition of existence of N, N-dimethyl formamide. The method has the advantages of simple process, low cost, economic and practical, reproducible, etc. The adsorbent prepared by the method has the advantages of high liveweight growth rate, low secondary pollution, high stability, sound adsorption effect, wide application scope, etc; and the adsorbent can be extensively applied to the treatment of eutrophication of waters.

The invention discloses a reconstruction method of submerged plant communities in shallow lakes. The method comprises the steps of field investigation, plant community construction, plant community regulation and control and maintenance and management. According to site conditions comprising water quality, topography and community composition investigated in field, firstly lakes to be restored are partitioned according to topographic conditions, such as water depth and the like; then suitable submerged plant species, planting methods and planting time are selected according to environment conditions of all zones; community construction is performed; manual regulation and control and management on the plants through modes of adding, replanting and submerged plant replacing, so that the plants can maintain certain biomass and biodiversity; finally a stable submerged plant community is formed. The method is simple and easy to operate, and has good application value.

The invention relates to a method for treating eutrophication pollution of landscape water, and combines a physical-chemical technique and an ecological floating island technique, utilizing a constructed enclosure to divide an ecological purification area and a strengthening purification area in the landscape water and plant an ecological floating island in the ecological purification area. Besides the ecological floating island planted in the strengthening purification area, a medicine feeding system and an aeration system are also arranged in the strengthening purification area; by utilizing a diving pump, the landscape water is led to the purification areas; the medicine feeding system and the aeration system are opened; through the effects of physical-chemical adsorption and coagulation settlement, pollutants are rapidly removed; at the same time, the ecological floating island closely distributed on the water surface has good effects of wind and storm resistance and light screening, thus providing a good hydraulic condition for the settlement of the pollutants; due to a loss of light source, the algae settling under water can not float any more, thus dying gradually; in addition, a certain quantity of nutrition salt released in a decomposition of the pollutants and dying of the algae can be fully absorbed by the ecological floating island; the high quality water treated in the ecological purification areas flows back to the landscape water.

The invention relates to an ecological repairing method of eutrophicated water bodies in rivers and lakes and sediments, and provides a construction method of an organism structural system for synchronously repairing eutrophicated water bodies in rivers and lakes and sediments in situ by means of emergent aquatic plants, submerged plants, benthonic animals, fishes and microorganisms. The light enhancing oxygen-enriched organism structural system for synchronously repairing eutrophicated water bodies in rivers and lakes and sediments in situ has the double effects of synchronously and ecologically repairing polluted water bodies and sediments and providing habitats for aquatic organisms and microorganisms. The system comprises a lens reflective light enhancing surface water emergent aquatic plant survival area, a hollow prismoid free sliding middle water purifying area, a sediment-water interface submerged plant, a benthonic animal and fish survival area, a microorganism enriched intensified sediment purifying area and an oxygen-enriching fixed rod. The system provided by the invention can synchronously and ecologically repair the water bodies and the surface sediments, has the characteristics of good pollutant removing effect, stable and lasting treatment effect and the like, and is suitable for synchronously repairing water bodies in rivers and lakes and sediments in situ.

The invention discloses a method for restoring vegetations in a water-level-fluctuating zone. The method is capable of effectively preventing and controlling water and soil loss, intercepting and absorbing harmful chemical substances in a water body, reducing eutrophication of the water body and rapidly afforesting the water-level-fluctuating zone, and has the functions of fixing soil and retaining banks. The method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing soil of a riverside slope surface in a fluctuating zone, finishing the fluctuating zone along the contour line to form a step structure, and respectively digging a cuttage ditch on various steps of the step structure; 2) using nutrient soil to cover various cuttage ditches, inserting a plurality of living branch wooden piles, and connecting the adjacent living branch wooden piles on the same step by using a rope to form a whole, wherein planting grooves are formed between two rows of living branch wooden piles on the adjacent steps; 3) sequentially filling a lower mucky soil layer, a water supply layer, an upper mucky soil layer and a nutrient soil layer into the planting grooves from bottom to top so as to form a planting layer; and 4) respectively planting submerged plants, emergent aquatic plants and water-resistant tree shrubs in various planting grooves along the step structure from bottom to top, so that a three-dimensional vegetation restoring space is formed.

The invention discloses a floating artificial fish reef. During preparation, the floating manual fish reef is characterized in that an adhesion base material is bonded to a floating body material and a suspender by using an adhesive or cement, the suspender is suspended below the floating body material after being cured, and a counter weight is suspended below the suspender. The floating artificial fish reef is arranged on the euphotic layer of sea water in an aquaculture zone, so that the adhesion growth of algae, shellfishes and microorganisms is facilitated, the water quality of the aquaculture zone is improved, and the generation of eutrophication is inhibited.