The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a lithium battery binder with self-repairing performance. The method comprises the following steps: adding component A containing dithiolactone functional group and component B containing amino functional group into a solvent, and reacting at 50-100° C. for 12 hours to obtain a lithium battery polymer with self-repairing performance material binder; the component A of the sulfur-containing lactone functional group is N,N'-oxalylthiolactone, N,N'-malonylthiolactone, N,N'-succinylthiolactone lactone, N,N'-glutaryl thiolactone, N,N'-adipyl thiolactone or N,N'-sebacoyl thiolactone; the amino functional group-containing component B is Polyethyleneimine, chitosan, aminocellulose or polylysine. The polymer binder of the present invention can make the positive electrode of the lithium battery have the characteristic of self-repairing, thereby greatly improving the powdering problem of the electrode material, and is beneficial to improving the discharge specific capacity and cycle stability of the lithium battery.