10297 results about "Nonionic surfactant" patented technology

In an aspect of the invention, a fluoropolymer dispersion, preferably a PTFE dispersion, is provided that comprises fluoropolymer particles having an average particle size of 10 to 400 nm dispersed in water whereby the dispersion has an amount of solids between 35 and 70% by weight. The dispersion is free of fluorinated surfactant having a molecular weight of less than 1000 g / mol (hereinafter called low molecular weight fluorinated surfactant) or contains the low molecular weight fluorinated surfactant in an amount of not more than 0.05% by weight based on the total weight solids of the dispersion. The dispersion further comprises a non-ionic non-fluorinated surfactant or mixture of non-ionic non-fluorinated surfactants and one or more non-fluorinated anionic surfactants. Through the use of a non-fluorinated anionic surfactant, a dispersion is obtained that has a low viscosity at room temperature (20° C.). The dispersion is further free of aromatic group containing non-ionic surfactants and is accordingly environmentally more friendly and can yield coatings that are less susceptible of discoloration. The amount and nature of the non-ionic non-fluorinated surfactant or mixture of non-ionic non-fluorinated surfactants is selected such that the Viscosity Transition Temperature (VTT) (measured as set forth in the examples) of the fluoropolymer dispersion is at least 26, preferably at least 28° C. In a further aspect of the invention, a method is provided to obtain the aforementioned dispersion.

Water-soluble solvent compositions, including from about 10% to about 60% by weight of an aromatic ester; from about 30% to about 60% by weight of an aliphatic ester; from 0% to about 15% by weight of a co-solvent; from 0% to about 20% of one of a cyclic terpene and a terpenoid; from 0% to about 1% by weight of an odor-masking agent; and from 0% to about 20% by weight of a nonionic surfactant, for removing petroleum residue from a substrate, and methods of use thereof. The composition can further comprise water. The composition also can comprise an aqueous solution. The method for removing petroleum residue from a substrate can further comprise recycling the solvent composition by using a countercurrent separation column charged with compressed ammonia and / or carbon dioxide and a spinning band distillation column to separate the solvent composition from the petroleum residue.

The invention relates to stable pharmaceutical or cosmetic foam compositions containing certain active agents, having unique therapeutic properties and methods of treatment using such compositions. The foamable composition includes at least one solvent comprising polyethylene glycol (PEG) or PEG derivative and mixtures thereof, or comprising propylene glycol, wherein the solvent is present at a concentration of about 70% to about 96.5% by weight of the total composition, at least a non-ionic surface-active agent at a concentration of about 0.1% to less than about 10% by weight of the total composition.

A mild cleansing composition is disclosed. The composition includes a from about 1 percent to about 8 percent of an anionic surfactant; and from about 0.1 percent to about 3 percent of a hydrophobically modified, crosslinked, anionic acrylic copolymer, wherein the weight ratio of component a) to component b) is about 1:1 to about 20:1 and wherein the composition is substantially free of non-ionic surfactants. The compositions are useful as shampoos, washes, baths, gels, lotions, creams, and the like.

This invention relates to a fluid dispersion of at least one dibenzylidene sorbitol acetal derivative. The sorbitol acetal derivative is useful as a clarifying agent for polyolefins and the inventive fluid dispersion permits improvements in the handling and processing of and mixing within the polyolefin composition. The inventive dispersion must be shelf stable, retain its nucleating effects, be compatible with polypropylene (and other polyolefins), and possess both short-term and long-term viscosities which permit acceptable transport through a standard polyolefin-manufacturing peristaltic pump. The preferred inventive dispersion thus comprises 3,4-DMDBS and at least one ethoxylated nonionic surfactant having an HLB of greater than about 8.5. Preferred surfactants include those selected from the group consisting essentially of ethoxylated sorbitan (C8-C22) monoesters and ethoxylated nonyl-phenol ethers. The inventive dispersion may be introduced within any polyolefin composition, preferably polypropylene, which may then be molded into any shape or form. A method of producing a polyolefin plastic utilizing the inventive dispersion is also provided.

A method for making oil free polysiloxane standard, fine and microemulsions using emulsion polymerization is disclosed. The method comprises reacting a cyclicsiloxane in the presence of a catalyst, ionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant within a certain operating window. Emulsions containing silicone copolymers can also be produced using the method of the instant invention.

A method of treating a well consists of introducing into the wellbore a biodegradable fluid system containing a fatty acid ester, such as methyl soyate. The fluid system may further contain a lactic acid ester, such as ethyl lactate, and / or a nonionic surfactant. The fluid system may be used in displacement, well remediation and stimulation as well as additional, alternative applications such as the cleaning of surface and / or downhole equipment.

Embodiments of the invention include polypeptide formulations and methods for making, using and characterizing them. Embodiment of the invention include stabilized polypeptide formulations, for example stable glucose oxidase formulations that can be used with glucose sensors used in the management of diabetes. Another embodiment of the invention includes methods to characterize the concentration of nonionic surfactants in stabilized polypeptide formulation for example stable insulin formulations that can be used in the treatment of diabetes.

The invention provides methods of polishing a substrate comprising (i) contacting a substrate comprising at least one metal layer comprising copper with a chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) system and (ii) abrading at least a portion of the metal layer comprising copper to polish the substrate. The CMP system comprises (a) an abrasive, (b) an amphiphilic nonionic surfactant, (c) a means for oxidizing the metal layer, (d) an organic acid, (e) a corrosion inhibitor, and (f) a liquid carrier. The invention further provides a two-step method of polishing a substrate comprising a first metal layer and a second, different metal layer. The first metal layer is polishing with a first CMP system comprising an abrasive and a liquid carrier, and the second metal layer is polished with a second CMP system comprising (a) an abrasive, (b) an amphiphilic nonionic surfactant, and (c) a liquid carrier.