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This invention proposes innovative techniques of NOx reduction in boiler operation through an adaptation of staged combustion in combustion boilers. In preferred processes, air is fed into an air separation unit, and a nitrogen-enriched stream is combined with air to produce a nitrogen-enriched first stage air stream, and at least a portion of an oxygen-enriched stream is mixed with air to produce an oxygen-enriched second stage air stream. A reduction in NOx and increase in efficiency is promoted by the inventive processes and systems.

The invention discloses a biomass solid formed fuel anti-slagging additive and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the technical field of renewable energy sources and is used for solving the problems that straw biomass solid formed fuel has high alkali metal content, is slagged in the combustion process and the like. The anti-slagging additive mainly comprises 15% to 25% of magnesium carbonate, 20% to 30% of alumina and 45% to 65% of the calcium carbonate, different formula ratio is made according to different biomass raw materials; and the anti-slagging additive is added into different biomass raw materials according to the proportion of 1% to 5%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: the calcium carbonate is firstly put into a special container, the container keeps dry, then alumina is added, finally the magnesium carbonate is added, the mixture is ground and evenly mixed for 10 to 15 minutes with the grinding particle size less than 1 mm, and then a finished product is obtained. The additive can solve the problem of slagging in the combustion process of the formed fuel and increases the combustion efficiency of the formed fuel.

A hot-rolling transformation-induced plasticity steel plate and a preparation method thereof belong to the field of metallurgical technology. The steel plate comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.18 to 0.20 percent of C, 1.30 to 1.45 percent of Mn, 0.60 to 0.70 percent of Si, 0.50 to 0.60 percent of Al, 0.009 percent or less than 0.009 percent of P, 0.007 percent or less than 0.007 percent of S, 0 to 0.040 percent of Nb and the balance of Fe. The preparation method thereof comprises the steps of: smelting low-silicon and low-carbon steel into steel ingot; heating the steel ingot to 1200 plus / minus 10 DEG C to obtain billet through forging; loading the billet into a heating furnace, heating the billet to 1200 plus / minus 10 DEG C and keeping temperature for 1 to 2 hours; carrying out rough rolling and precision rolling; air cooling till the temperature reaches 700 to 760 DEG C; accelerating cooling at a speed of reducing 40 to 50 DEG C per second; and adopting a reeling machine for reeling. The hot-rolling transformation-induced plasticity steel plate prepared by the method has high intensity of tension and better impact ductility.

The invention discloses an instant drink containing astaxanthin and a preparation method thereof. The instant drink containing astaxanthin comprises, by mass, 0.02-0.04 part of astaxanthin extract, 0.08-0.16 part of emulsifier, 4-8 parts of sweetening agent, 0.5-0.8 part of acid agent, 35-60 parts of fruit pulp and the balance water, wherein the total amount of parts by mass is 100, and the mass ratio of the astaxanthin extract to the emulsifier is 1:4. The instant drink contains astaxanthin and fresh fruit juice components, has quite high nutritive value, is easy to popularize as an instant food, meets the conception of healthy development for people, and easily promotes industrialized application of astaxanthin. An extracting technology of astaxanthin in haematococcus pluvialis and an emulsifying technology of astaxanthin are both simple and easy to implement.

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas recovery, and discloses an integrated oil and gas recovery system and a recovery process. The integrated oil and gas recovery system comprises a pressure buffer tank, a tail gas compression and preliminary condensation device, a lean oil cooling and absorbing device, an absorption device and a recovery device, wherein the original oil andgas are conveyed into the pressure buffer tank, and then sent to the tail gas compression and preliminary condensation device; after being subjected to compression and condensation, the oil and gas enter an absorption tower of the lean oil cooling and absorbing device; gasoline No.93 enters the absorption tower after being precooled by means of an absorbent oil precooler and subjected to deep cooling of an absorbent oil deep freezer; after being subjected to low-temperature spraying of the absorption tower, the oil and gas is conveyed to an oil collecting tank, and the remaining tail gas enters the absorption device for absorbing; the absorbed tail gas is discharged to the atmosphere, and the absorbed hydrocarbon components are recovered to the pressure buffer tank by means of vacuum thermal analysis. The system and the process integrate compression, condensing absorption and absorbing, can enable emissions to reach the standards, have multiple safeguards, can remarkably improve the oil and gas recovery effect, and greatly reduce equipment size and equipment investment.

Provided herein are methods and systems for detecting genetic variants from sequencing data. The methods and systems provided herein can be useful for identifying the presence or absence of clinically actionable variants from a sequencing data set and reporting the clinically actionable variants to a user of the methods and systems.

The invention belongs to the technical field of new material preparation and relates to a preparation method of blocky hybrid aerogel which specifically refers to blocky aerogel fast prepared under the normal pressure condition and has an efficient removing effect on Cd2+ in waste water. The preparation method includes the steps that firstly, tetraethyl orthosilicate, deionized water, acetonitrile and an oxalic acid solution are measured and taken and are mixed, and the mixture is placed in a water bath kettle to react; after reaction, a beaker is taken out, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is transferred into the beaker through a pipette when temperature returns to room temperature, and acetonitrile is added for aging after gelation; then gel is soaked in an acetonitrile solution containing isophorone diisocyanate and is placed in the water bath kettle for crosslinking; finally, acetonitrile is added, after standing performed under room temperature, the gel is sealed through a preservative film with needle holes and placed in a normal-pressure drying oven to be dried, and the silicon dioxide blocky hybrid aerogel is obtained. In the preparation process of the blocky hybrid aerogel, no solvent exchange or surface modification exists, consumed time is short, consumed energy is little, operation is easy, and the blocky hybrid aerogel has an efficient adsorbing effect on Cd2+ in waste water.

This invention proposes innovative techniques of NOx reduction in boiler operation through an adaptation of staged combustion in combustion boilers. In preferred processes, air is fed into an air separation unit, and a nitrogen-enriched stream is combined with air to produce a nitrogen-enriched first stage air stream, and at least a portion of an oxygen-enriched stream is mixed with air to produce an oxygen-enriched second stage air stream. A reduction in NOx and increase in efficiency is promoted by the inventive processes and systems.

The invention relates to a composite flocculant for treating waste drilling fluid generated in the petroleum drilling process, and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: extracting gelatin with larger relative molecular mass from waste skin collagen through alkaline hydrolysis; further hydrolyzing the extracted gelatin into collagen with moderate relative molecular mass by using different hydrolytic reagents; and loading proper metal ions on the collagen by using a tanning mechanism in tanning chemistry to obtain a cation type composite flocculant, and performing flocculation on anionic waste drilling fluid. The composite flocculant prepared by the method has the advantages of low cost, simple operation, high flocculating efficiency, safety and nontoxicity for a human body and the like, and is an environment-friendly product. Meanwhile, the waste skin collagen is reutilized, waste is used to treat contamination, and secondary pollution on the environment is avoided.

The invention provides a method for directly preparing a nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary cathode material precursor by using an acid leaching solution of laterite nickel ore. The method comprises the following steps: A, removing impurities and separating the impurities; B, preparing a mixed solution; C, preparing a sodium metaaluminate solution; D, preparing an alkaline solution as a precipitator;E, carrying out precipitation reaction and aging. According to the method for directly preparing the nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary cathode material precursor, provided by the invention, the acid leaching solution of the laterite nickel ore is used as a raw material for directly preparing a product, so that the production flow is short and the production cost is low. The ternary precursor materialprepared by the method provided by the invention has the advantages of uniform particle size distribution, good stability, high specific capacity, high activity and relatively-high tap density.

The invention discloses an iridium complex phosphorescent material taking fluorinated fluoropyridine carboxylic acid as an auxiliary ligand and a preparation method of the iridium complex phosphorescent material, and belongs to the technical field of photoelectric and phosphorescent materials. According to iridium complexes, 2-aryl quinoline is taken as a main ligand and fluoropyridine carboxylic acid fluorinated derivatives are taken as an auxiliary ligand to synthesize a series of (C^N)2IrLX type iridium complexes, the type and the quantity of the iridium complex phosphorescent material are expanded through different permutations and combinations, and the fluorescence intensity of the iridium complexes is enhanced by modifying the main ligand and adding the auxiliary ligand containing fluorine. Light-emission devices manufactured through the phosphorescent iridium complexes have a very high internal and external quantum yield, very high luminance and very high stability.

The invention belongs to the field of food biotechnology, and in particular relates to a method for simultaneously preparing high-F ratio oligopeptide and starch sugar from corn gluten meal as a raw material. The pH of a pre-treated corn gluten meal solution is adjusted to be weakly-acidic and hydrolyzed. The supernatant is dried to obtain a starch sugar product; the precipitate is further hydrolyzed and refined to obtain the high-F ratio oligopeptide product. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple process, less equipment investment and high product yield, and the like; the content of total proteins of the high-F ratio oligopeptide product is higher than 85%, wherein the proportion of dipeptides and tripeptides in the total proteins is higher than 85%, F ratio is greater than 30, the high-F ratio oligopeptide product has good water solubility and good color and flavor, can be widely used in the field of health food and nutritious food; and the glucose content in the starch sugar product is higher than 50%, and the starch sugar product has good water solubility, and can be widely used in food and fermentation industry.

The invention relates to a method for regulating and controlling the stable flow of the liquid nitrogen jet flow state and belongs to the field of cryogenic engineering. According to regulation of the stable flow of the liquid nitrogen jet flow state through the method, a heat insulation pipeline is utilized to reduce heat leakage, the two-phase flow gas mass fraction is regulated and controlled within a certain range, the gasification ratio of liquid nitrogen in the delivering process is decreased, and the stable output result in the allowable range is obtained. The liquid nitrogen delivering flow is monitored in real time, and liquid nitrogen flow regulation and stable output are achieved through a PID regulating and control method. According to the method, cryogenic fluids in cryogenic medium processing are effectively stabilized, regulated and controlled, the dry degree of the liquid nitrogen in pipeline delivering is decreased, and the utilization rate of the fluids during liquid nitrogen ultra-low temperature cutting is increased. A liquid nitrogen delivering device is compact in structure, a vacuum pipeline is adopted, the heat loss in the pipeline is reduced, the liquid nitrogen gasification rate is decreased, the two-phase flow gas mass fraction is decreased, the liquid nitrogen jet flow state is stabilized, and the liquid nitrogen flow is accurately regulated and controlled.

An intra-spacecraft wireless communications system is disclosed. The wireless intra-spacecraft communication system comprises a first wireless transceiver, coupled to a spacecraft processor and a second wireless transceiver, coupled to at least one of the subsystems. Spacecraft operational data is communicated between the spacecraft processor and the at least one subsystem via the first and second wireless transceivers.

The invention provides a method for preparing a low-free p-phenylene diisocyanate prepolymer. The method comprises the following steps: a) mixing dehydrated polyol, p-phenylene diisocyanate and a single solvent, reacting at 60-70 DEG C, and treating the obtained reaction product in a film evaporator to obtain a treated solvent; wherein the single solvent is selected from monoester, diester, lactone, carbonate, aromatic compounds, amide, lactam, polyether or polyketone; b) mixing the treated solvent with p-phenylene diisocyanate, then adding dehydrated polyol by several times, and carrying outa reaction at 60-70 DEG C to obtain a prepolymer; and c) treating the prepolymer in a scraped film evaporator to obtain a light component and a p-phenylene diisocyanate prepolymer, the light componentcomprising a single solvent and p-phenylene diisocyanate. The mass fraction of free PPDI in the prepolymer is reduced to 1-0.1%; PPDI crystals are not separated out in the evaporation process of a film evaporator, and a condenser is not blocked.

The invention discloses a gadolinium-carrying fuel rod, a fuel assembly with gadolinium-carrying fuel rods and a pressurized water reactor core. A fuel core body of the gadolinium-carrying fuel rod is composed of recycled uranium oxide and Gd2O3, wherein the mass percent of Gd2O3 is 3%-5% and the mass percent of the recycled uranium oxide is 95%-97%. The fuel assembly with the gadolinium-carrying fuel rods comprises fuel rods, guide pipes and a gauge pipe, wherein the fuel rods, the guide pipes and the gauge pipe are arrayed to form a square structure; the gauge pipe is arrayed at the center of the fuel assembly; and the fuel rods comprise fuel rods without gadolinium and the gadolinium-carrying fuel rods. The pressurized water reactor core adopts the fuel assembly with the gadolinium-carrying fuel rods to assist in controlling the residual reactivity of the reactor core. Recycled uranium fuel is prepared into the gadolinium-carrying fuel rods and the fuel assembly, which are used for the reactor core, and the safety requirements of the reactor core are met; and meanwhile, the requirements on solid combustible toxins for controlling the residual reactivity of the reactor core are met, uranium resources are effectively saved and the recycled uranium storage cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a granular high-nitrogen nitro-compound fertilizer with high storage stability and belongs to the technical field of preparation of chemical fertilizers. The method comprises the following steps: (1) co-dissolving potassium nitrate and ammonium phosphate nitrate; (2) preparing a solid material; (3) preparing a granular material; and (4) preparing thegranular high-nitrogen nitro-compound fertilizer with high storage stability: through the processes of drying, screening, cooling and wrapping the granular material obtained in the step (3) to obtainthe granular high-nitrogen nitro-compound fertilizer with high storage stability. Through the preparation method of the granular high-nitrogen nitro-compound fertilizer with high storage stability, the formula and the process are optimized so as to improve the storage stability of the granular nitro-compound fertilizer; the effect is obvious; the method is easy to implement.

The invention belongs to the field of alumina ceramics in inorganic non-metal materials, and particularly relates to a high-purity microlite wear-resisting alumina lining plate and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the steps that the high-purity microlite wear-resisting alumina lining plate is generated by performing the mixing, sanding, spray granulation, modling and sintering onalpha phase alumina A and alpha phase alumina B; pseudo-boehmite, silica sol and industrial alumina are performed with wet-grinding, mixing and refining to obtain fine-particle mixed slurry capable of passing through a 600-mesh screen, and the mixed slurry is performed with pressure filtration, flash evaporation drying and calcination to obtain the alpha phase alumina A; magnesium fluoride, boricacid and high temperature calcined alumina are performed with dry-mixing, ball-milling and refining to obtain fine-particle powder capable of passing through a 180-mesh screen, and the fine-particlepowder is calcined to obtain alpha phase alumina B. The high-purity microlite wear-resisting alumina lining plate and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that the bimodal distribution of grain size is obtained in a microstructure, and a small amount of anisometric crystal exists in the microstructure, thereby improving the hardness and wear resistance of the alumina lining plate; the invention also provides a preparation method of the high-purity microlite wear-resisting alumina lining plate, the process is simple and convenient, the process parameters are controlled easily, andstable mass production can be performed.

The invention belongs to the field of filling adhesives, and especially relates to a single-component epoxy resin flowing type underfill adhesive. The underfill adhesive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 10-50 parts of bisphenol F epoxy resin, 10-20 parts of a first filler, 5-10 parts of a second filler, 5-10 parts of a curing agent, 2-5 parts of a curing accelerator, 5-15 partsof a reactive diluent, 0.1-3 parts of a flexibilizer and 0.1-3 parts of an ion trapping agent, wherein the particle size of the first filler is greater than the particle size of the second filler. The fillers used in the invention are relatively low in mass fraction; through organic cooperation of the first filler and the second filler, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the whole underfilladhesive can be increased while the viscosity of a system is controlled; and the underfill adhesive has the characteristics of good cohesiveness, good thermal conductivity and insulation performance,good heat resistance, low viscosity, good fluidity, low hygroscopicity and the like.

The invention relates to low-temperature conductive silver paste used by a solar cell and a preparation method thereof, in particular to low-temperature silver paste based on silver nano fibers and a preparation method thereof. The low-temperature silver paste based on the silver nano fibers, which is disclosed by the invention, consists of the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 50 to 70% of silver nano fibers, 10 to 20% of silver-plated glass powder, 15 to 25% of organic carrier, and 0 to 5% of inorganic additive. When the method disclosed by the invention is adopted to prepare the silver-nano-fiber low-temperature conductive silver paste, on the premise of not reducing the electrical property of the conductive silver paste, consumption of the precious metal silver is reduced, and production cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a device and method for preparing an ultra-long aging-resistant melt-blown level polypropylene material and the obtained material thereof. The device for preparing the ultra-long aging-resistant melt-blown level polypropylene material comprises a reactive twin-screw extruder, wherein a first polypropylene feeding device is arranged above a main feeding port of the reactivetwin-screw extruder; a pre-dispersed twin-screw extruder is connected to a lateral feeding port of the reactive twin-screw extruder; and an anti-aging auxiliary agent feeding device and a second polypropylene feeding device are arranged above a feeding port of the pre-dispersed twin-screw extruder separately. Through brand-new design of a process route and the device, an anti-aging auxiliary agentis added online after polypropylene degradation reaction is completed, so that side reaction that the anti-aging auxiliary agent captures free radicals generated by peroxide is eliminated, the degradation efficiency of the peroxide is improved, meanwhile, the loss of the anti-aging auxiliary agent is greatly reduced, a long-term anti-aging effect of the material is obviously improved, and the problems of poor anti-aging performance and short service life of melt-blown polypropylene prepared in the prior art are solved.

The invention discloses a method for modifying a lithium battery diaphragm by using temperature-resistant macromolecules and a corresponding lithium battery diaphragm. The method comprises the steps of fully mixing and stirring a required temperature-resistant macromolecular material and an organic solvent to prepare a precursor solution with a certain mass fraction; cutting the lithium battery diaphragm to be modified, and fixing the cut lithium battery diaphragm on an electrostatic spinning spraying device; adjusting parameters such as the voltage of the electrostatic spinning spraying device, the rotating speed of a roller, the solution injection speed and the distance between a high-pressure needle head and a roller collecting device, and electrostatic spraying or spinning the precursor solution onto the lithium battery diaphragm; and turning off the electrostatic spinning spraying device at the arrival of the required time, flattening the lithium battery diaphragm, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the modified lithium battery diaphragm. The modified diaphragm provided by the invention can greatly improve the electrochemical performance and safety performance of the lithium metal battery.

The invention discloses a fluorescent metal-organic framework porous material and a preparation method therefor and belongs to the technical field of fluorescent porous materials. The fluorescent metal-organic framework porous material disclosed by the invention is synthesized from sodium 1,2-dihydroxy benzene-3,5-disulfonate and strontium nitrate. Through coordinate bonds and a skeleton structure between 1,2-dihydroxy benzene-3,5-disulfonic acid anions and [Na(H2O)2O]2<2> and strontium ions, the fluorescent emission wavelength of the material is increased, and the luminescent variety of the fluorescent material is extended. The invention further provides a synthesis method for the porous material. According to the method, the operation is simple and convenient, the reaction conditions are simple, no pollution is caused, the yield is high, and the purity is high.

The invention discloses a production process for reagent grade high-purity sulfuric acid. In sulfuric acid production, a low temperature grade waste heat recovery system and a 20 percent fuming sulfuric acid production system are arranged, and the production process is characterized by adopting the following devices: a SO3 evaporator, a high-purity 98 percent sulfuric acid absorption tower, a high-purity 98 percent sulfuric acid circulating tank, a high-purity sulfuric acid cooler, a high-purity water purifier, an air purifier, and a high-purity finished 98 percent acid tank, wherein the input of the SO3 evaporator is connected with the 20 percent fuming sulfuric acid production system, and the output of the SO3 evaporator is connected with the high-purity 98 percent sulfuric acid absorption tower; the output of the high-purity 98 percent sulfuric acid absorption tower is connected with the high-purity 98 percent sulfuric acid circulating tank; the output of the high-purity 98 percentsulfuric acid circulating tank is connected with the high-purity sulfuric acid cooler through a main circulating acid pump; the acid output by the high-purity sulfuric acid cooler is input into the high-purity 98 percent sulfuric acid absorption tower to serve as circulating acid; finished acid enters the high-purity finished 98 percent acid tank; the output of the high-purity water purifier and the output of the air purifier are connected to the high-purity 98 percent sulfuric acid circulating tank; and the devices are connected with one another through pipelines.

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a double-metal cyanide catalyst. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving a water-soluble metal cyanide salt into a mixed solution of deionized water, dropwise adding the mixed solution into a mixed solution of an organic ligand L1 of the water-soluble metal cyanide salt and the deionized water, adding or not adding an organic ligand L2, performing stirring for 0.5-6 hours, and carrying out centrifugal separation and precipitation; putting the precipitate into an extraction device, heating and vaporizing an extractionsolution into organic ligand steam or azeotropic steam of an organic ligand and water, and washing the precipitate dropwise added into the extraction device through condensation; and performing drying to obtain the double-metal cyanide catalyst. The obtained catalyst can efficiently catalyze copolymerization of epoxy compounds to prepare polyether ester polyol and homopolymerization of the epoxycompounds to prepare polyether polyol.

The invention relates to heat-curing and light-fixable compounds, which are liquid at room temperature and are epoxy-based, and which comprise at least one epoxy-containing compound (A) having at least two epoxy groups, at least one hardener (B) for the epoxy-containing compound, optionally an accelerator (C), at least one radiation-hardening compound (D), at least one photoinitiator (E) for radical polymerization, and at least one filler material (F). The radiation-hardening compound (D) comprises at least one, at least trifunctional (meth)acrylate. The epoxy compound can be in particular used for fixing and / or selectively encapsulating electrical, electronic, and / or electromechanical components, and / or for adhering, coating, and sealing.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an aluminum-based composite material. The preparation method comprises the following steps that after high-temperature sintering is performed on a mixture of SiO2, carbon fiber, expanded graphite powder and Al2O3, ball milling is carried out, Si is added, high-temperature sintering is carried out to coat or load the Si on the SiC surface by infiltration, secondary ball milling is carried out, aluminum powder and paraffin are added and pressed to obtain a plate, degreasing and sintering are performed on the plate, and multi-temperature-stage and multi-time densification pressing are performed to obtain the aluminum-based composite material. According to the preparation method, the composite material Si / SiC / Al achieves good interface bonding, and atom and molecule physicochemical property matching is good; and meanwhile, the problems of material deformation and the like caused by expansion coefficient difference are solved, the thermal expansion coefficient is low, the weight is light, the mechanical property is good, the heat conductivity, the strength, the plasticity, the heat dissipation property and other properties are good, the operation process is simple, the production control is facilitated, and the preparation method is simple in structure, low in cost, and liable to weld and industrially produced, and can be widely applied to the field of electronic packaging and has a good application prospect.

The invention discloses a method for preparing allyl polyether, comprising the following steps: in the presence of bimetallic catalyst, using allyl alcohol as an initiator, adding a certain amount of epoxy alkane compound to synthesize small molecule allyl-epoxy alkane oligomer, then according to a certain proportion adding allyl alcohol, polymer stabilizer and epoxy alkane compound successively to synthesize large molecule allyl polyether. The method has the advantages of small mass fraction of catalyst in final product, short induction period of reaction, high double bond value of product, good appearance and the like.

The invention provides a continuous flash-evaporation type fluidized drying bed for drying chlorinated polyethylene, which can effectively prevent the softening and caking of the chlorinated polyethylene, has short production period, low labor intensity and low energy consumption, and easily realizes automatic operation.

The invention discloses a compounded wave-absorbing material of grapheme / four-pin zinc oxide whisker and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of microwave absorption. Natural scale graphite is used as a raw material to prepare reduction-oxidation graphene; the obtained reduction-oxidation graphene is dispersed into an alcohol solution for ultrasound treatment for 3-5 h to obtain reduction-oxidation graphene dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.3-0.6 mg / ml; adding four-pin zinc oxide whisker into the reduction-oxidation graphene dispersion liquid, wherein the mass fraction of graphene is 4-8% and the mass fraction of four-pin zinc oxide whisker is 8-12%; performing magnetic mixing for 30-40 min wherein the rotating speed is controlled at 400-600 rpm / min and the temperature is controlled within 20-40 DEG C; placing the mixed solution into a drying oven for drying, and keeping the temperature at 60-80 DEG C for 6-8 h, so as to obtain the compounded wave-absorbing material. The preparation process is simple, the prepared wave-absorbing material is excellent in wave-absorbing property, strong in wave-absorbing ability, wide in wave-absorbing frequency band, and strong in regulatory property; high absorption at different frequency can be realized by thickness adjustment.