The invention discloses a flame-retardation and heat-insulation material. The flame-retardation and heat-insulation material comprises, by weight, 80-120 parts of styrene, 200-350 parts of water, 80-120 parts of a polyvinyl alcohol solution, 3-6 parts of calcium stearate, 0.8-1.2 parts of tributyl phosphate, 2.4-3.6 parts of melamine cyanurate, 2-4.3 parts of aerosil, 1.4-2.6 parts of dicumyl peroxide, 1.5-2.5 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 10-18 parts of pentane, 79.7-99.3 parts of a compound flame retardant, 2-4 parts of phenolsulfonic acid, 3-5 parts of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 10-20 parts of sodium silicate, 4-6 parts of a Ca / Zn composite stabilizer and 2-4 parts of an antioxidant 1010. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the flame-retardation and heat-insulation material. The flame-retardation and heat-insulation material has the advantages of good flame retardation property, high heat insulation performance, simple operation and industrial production facilitation.