110655results about "Organic compound preparation" patented technology

A low energy process for producing acetic acid by the carbonylation of methanol is disclosed. The process involves a rhodium-catalyzed system operated at less than about 14% water utilizing up to 2 distillation columns. The process is preferably controlled such that the product stream has a low level of propionic acid impurity and the level of aldehyde impurities is minimized by way of aldehyde removal or minimizing aldehyde generation. The level of iodides is controlled by contacting the product, at elevated temperatures, with ion exchange resins. In preferred embodiments, at least one silver or mercury exchanged macroreticular strong acid ion exchange resin is used to purify the product. The high temperature treatment provides the added benefit of controlling the Color Value (Pt-Co units) of the product stream.

The invention relates to a process for the production of acetic acid by carbonylation of methanol, and reactive derivatives thereof, in a reaction mixture using a rhodium-based catalyst in low water conditions. The process is used to achieve reaction rates of at least 15 g mol / l / hr. The high rate reactions proceed at water concentrations of less than 2.0 wt. %. Under certain conditions, the water concentration in the reaction mixture of the process is maintained at a desired concentration by at least one process step including adding a compound such as methyl acetate, dimethyl ether, acetic anhydride, or mixtures of these compounds to the reaction system. The process step of adding the components to the reaction mixture may be combined with other process steps for controlling water concentrations in reaction mixtures for the carbonylation of methanol.

An antimicrobial composition comprising: a complex of an anionic polyester with an antimicrobial cationic surfactant, wherein the anionic polyester has at least one carboxylic group. A medical device having an antimicrobial composition comprising: a complex of an anionic polyester with an antimicrobial cationic surfactant wherein the anionic polyester has at least one carboxylic group.

There is described a process and a catalyst for the hydroalkylation of an aromatic hydrocarbon, particularly benzene, wherein the catalyst comprises a first metal having hydrogenation activity and a crystalline inorganic oxide material having a X-ray diffraction pattern including the following d-spacing maxima 12.4+ / -0.25, 6.9+ / -0.15, 3.57+ / -0.07 and 3.42+ / -0.07.

A process for the selective production of ethanol by vapor phase reaction of acetic acid over a hydrogenating catalyst composition to form ethanol is disclosed and claimed. In an embodiment of this invention reaction of acetic acid and hydrogen over either cobalt and palladium supported on graphite or cobalt and platinum supported on silica selectively produces ethanol in a vapor phase at a temperature of about 250° C.

Certain 1-aminoalkylcyclohexanes are systemically-active uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists having rapid blocking / unblocking kinetics and strong voltage-dependency and are therefore useful in the alleviation of conditions resulting from disturbances of glutamatergic transmission giving them a wide range of utility in the treatment of CNS disorders involving the same, as well as in non-NMDA indications, due to their immunomodulatory, antimalarial, anti-Borna virus, and anti-Hepatitis C activities and utilities. Pharmaceutical compositions thereof and a method-of-treating conditions which are alleviated by the employment of an NMDA receptor antagonist, as well as the aforementioned non-NMDA indications, and a method for the preparation of the active 1-aminoalkylcyclohexane compounds involved.

An improved process is disclosed for producing acetic acid, including the following steps: reacting a carbonylatable reactant such as methanol, methyl acetate, methyl formate or dimethyl ether with carbon monoxide in a reaction medium containing water, methyl iodide, and a catalyst to produce a reaction product that contains acetic acid; separating the reaction product to provide a volatile phase containing acetic acid, water, and methyl iodide and a less volatile phase; distilling the volatile phase to produce a purified acetic acid product and a first overhead containing water, methyl acetate, and methyl iodide; phase separating the first overhead to provide a first liquid phase containing water and a second liquid phase containing methyl iodide; and adding dimethyl ether to the process in an amount effective to enhance separation of the first overhead to form the first and second liquid phases.

Processes and reactor systems are provided for the conversion of oxygenated hydrocarbons to hydrocarbons, ketones and alcohols useful as liquid fuels, such as gasoline, jet fuel or diesel fuel, and industrial chemicals. The process involves the conversion of mono-oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, furans, carboxylic acids, diols, triols, and / or other polyols, to C4+ hydrocarbons, alcohols and / or ketones, by condensation. The oxygenated hydrocarbons may originate from any source, but are preferably derived from biomass.

The present invention provides compositions comprising cationic lipids, liposomes and nucleic acid-lipid particles comprising the cationic lipids, and methods of using such compositions, liposomes, and nucleic acid-lipid particles.

A process for producing ethanol including a combination of biochemical and synthetic conversions results in high yield ethanol production with concurrent production of high value coproducts. An acetic acid intermediate is produced from carbohydrates, such as corn, using enzymatic milling and fermentation steps, followed by conversion of the acetic acid into ethanol using esterification and hydrogenation reactions. Coproducts can include corn oil, and high protein animal feed containing the biomass produced in the fermentation.

Provided are an organic electroluminescence device and an aromatic amine derivative for realizing the device. The aromatic amine derivative improves the luminous efficiency of an organic electroluminescence device using the derivative, and its molecules hardly crystallize. The organic electroluminescence device has an organic thin film layer composed of one or a plurality of layers including at least a light emitting layer, the organic thin film layer being interposed between a cathode and an anode, and at least one layer of the organic thin film layer, especially a hole transporting layer contains the aromatic amine derivative alone or as a component of a mixture, so the organic electroluminescence device can be produced in improved yield, and has a long lifetime.

Described herein are precursors and methods for forming silicon-containing films. In one aspect, there is a precursor of following Formula I:wherein R1 and R3 are independently selected from linear or branched C3 to C10 alkyl group, a linear or branched C3 to C10 alkenyl group, a linear or branched C3 to C10 alkynyl group, a C1 to C6 dialkylamino group, an electron withdrawing and a C6 to C10 aryl group; R2 and R4 are independently selected from hydrogen, a linear or branched C3 to C10 alkyl group, a linear or branched C3 to C10 alkenyl group, a linear or branched C3 to C10 alkynyl group, a C1 to C6 dialkylamino group, an electron withdrawing, and a C6 to C10 aryl group; and wherein any one, all, or none of R1 and R2, R3 and R4, R1 and R3, or R2 and R4 are linked to form a ring.

A lubricating base stock useful for forming lubricants such as a multigrade automotive oils, automatic transmission oils, greases and the like is prepared by hydroisomerizing a waxy hydrocarbon feed fraction having an initial boiling point in the 650-750 DEG F. range and an end point of at least 1050 DEG F., synthesized by a slurry Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis process. The hydroisomerization forms a hydroisomerate containing the desired base stock which is recovered, without dewaxing the hydroisomerate. The hydroisomerization is conducted at conditions effective to convert at least 67 wt. % of the 650-750 DEG F.+ waxy feed hydrocarbons to lower boiling hydrocarbons. When combined with a standard lubricant additive package, these base stocks have been formed into multigrade automotive crankcase oils, transmission oils and hydraulic oils meeting the specifications for these oils.

The present invention provides a stable new condensed polycyclic compound which is not likely to form a molecular association. In addition, the present invention also provides an organic light-emitting element having a high light-emitting efficiency and a low drive voltage. In the condensed polycyclic compound in Claim 1 represented by the general formula [1], R1, R2 and R5 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group. R3 and R4 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The aryl group and the heterocyclic group each may have at least one of an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an amino group, and an alkoxy group as a substituent.

An organic EL material-containing solution contains an organic EL material, a solvent and a viscosity control agent. The organic EL material contains a host and a dopant.The host is a compound shown by Formula (1) below and has a solubility of 2 wt % or higher in the solvent. The solvent is an aromatic solvent, while the viscosity control agent is an alcohol type solution or an alkyl-substituted aromatic solution having 4 or more carbon atoms.

The invention provides methods and apparatus for selectively producing ethanol from syngas. As disclosed herein, syngas derived from cellulosic biomass (or other sources) can be catalytically converted into methanol, which in turn can be catalytically converted into acetic acid or acetates. Finally, the acetic acid or acetates can be reduced to ethanol according to several variations. In some embodiments, yields of ethanol from biomass can exceed 100 gallons per dry ton of biomass.

A aromatic amine derivative having an specific structure having a diphenyl amino group, and two or more of substituent bonding to benzene ring thereof, and in an organic electroluminescence device which comprises at least one organic thin film layer comprising a light emitting layer sandwiched between a pair of electrode consisting of an anode and a cathode, at least one of the organic thin film layer comprises the aromatic amine derivative singly or a component for a mixture thereof. The organic electroluminescence device exhibiting a long lifetime and high current efficiency as well as emitting blue light with high color purity, and also the aromatic amine derivative for realizing the organic EL device are provided.

A system for automatically creating and maintaining a database of information utilizing user opinions about subjects, particularly exceptional experiences. Described is an Internet system assisting / motivating a population of users interested in information about certain categories of subjects to automatically maintain the database content and to improve the usefulness and quality of the database information without any substantial management by the website owner-manager. The user opinions are primarily in the form of both comments and ratings about which natural-language terms best describe a particular subject, enabling user searches of the subject database to be by way of preferred such descriptive natural-language terms, which terms are further preferred to be evaluative and approving. Also, a system for automatically creating and maintaining a database of information utilizing user knowledge about sales related subjects. Described is an Internet-based system for assisting / motivating a population of users interested in information about certain categories of sales related subjects to automatically maintain the database content and to improve the usefulness and quality of the database information without any substantial management by the website owner-manager. The user opinions are primarily in the form of both comments and ratings of which sales related subjects best provide assistance in completing a sale.

A process for the selective production of ethanol by vapor phase reaction of acetic acid over a hydrogenating catalyst composition to form ethanol is disclosed and claimed. In an embodiment of this invention reaction of acetic acid and hydrogen over a platinum and tin supported on silica, graphite, calcium silicate or silica-alumina selectively produces ethanol in a vapor phase at a temperature of about 250° C.

A method is disclosed for the recovery of an organic acid from a dilute salt solution in which the cation of the salt forms an insoluble carbonate salt. An amine and CO2 are introduced to the solution to form the insoluble carbonate salt and a complex between the acid and the amine. The acid / amine complex is thermally dissociated, or “cracked”, in the presence of a water immiscible solvent in which the amine is selectively soluble and in which the acid is not appreciably soluble. The organic acid may then be recovered from the water by any suitable means such as distillation, reactive distillation, extraction, or reactive extraction.

The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of diesel range hydrocarbons wherein a feed is hydrotreated in a hydrotreating step and isomerised in an isomerisation step, and a feed comprising fresh feed containing more than 5 wt % of free fatty acids and at least one diluting agent is hydrotreated at a reaction temperature of 200-400° C., in a hydrotreating reactor in the presence of catalyst, and the ratio of the diluting agent / fresh feed is 5-30:1.

Processes and reactor systems are provided for the conversion of oxygenated hydrocarbons to hydrocarbons, ketones and alcohols useful as liquid fuels, such as gasoline, jet fuel or diesel fuel, and industrial chemicals. The process involves the conversion of mono-oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, furans, carboxylic acids, diols, triols, and / or other polyols, to C4+ hydrocarbons, alcohols and / or ketones, by condensation. The oxygenated hydrocarbons may originate from any source, but are preferably derived from biomass.

A process for selective formation of ethanol from acetic acid includes contacting a feed stream containing acetic acid and hydrogen at an elevated temperature with catalyst comprising platinum and tin on a high surface area silica promoted with calcium metasilicate. Selectivities to ethanol of over 85% are achieved at 280° C. with catalyst life in the hundreds of hours.

The present invention relates to a droplet microreactor, i.e. a microreactor consisting of a droplet of a specific liquid, the microreactor being wall-less, wherein the interface of the specific liquid with the ambient environment and with the support on which the droplet is deposited defines the limits of the microreactor. The microreactor is characterized in that it consists of a droplet comprising at least one ionic liquid. The present invention also relates to methods for carrying out chemical or biochemical reactions and / or mixes using said droplet microreactor, and also to a lab-on-chip comprising a microreactor according to the invention.