717 results about "Chlorate" patented technology

The room temperature ionic liquid containing unsaturated double bond has the general expressino of A+B-, where A+ contains R1 being hydroxyl with 1-4 carbon atoms and R2 containing 2-20 carbon atoms and at least one double bond; and B- is one of anions, including chlorate radical, bromate radical, iodate radical, acetate radical, sulfate radical, nitrate radical, tetrafluorobromate radical, etc. Its preparation is to mixture and react olefin halide R1X and N-alkyl imidazole to obtain ionic liquid dialkyl imidazolium halide. The present invention also relates to the application of the ionic liquid in dissolving cellulose and preparing cellulose derivative.

On-Line and Off-Line methods of simultaneously cleaning and disinfecting an industrial water system are described and claimed. The methods involve the addition to the water of the industrial water system of a Compound selected from the group consisting of the alkali salts of chlorite and chlorate and mixtures thereof; and an acid, followed by allowing the water in the industrial water system to circulate for several hours. The reaction of the alkali salts of chlorite and chlorate and acid produces chlorine dioxide in-situ in the water of the industrial water system. The chlorine dioxide kills microorganisms and the acid acts to remove deposits upon the water-contact surfaces of the equipment. An alternative method involves the use of a chelating agent and a biocide. Other possible cleaning and disinfection reagents may be added as needed including corrosion inhibitors, chelating agents, biocides, surfactants and reducing agents. These cleaning and disinfecting methods work in a variety of industrial water systems including cooling water and boiler water systems.

An aqueous solution of metal chlorate, mineral acid and a reducing agent are continuously or intermittently sprayed, in a pattern to achieve intimate mixing, into a spherical chamber creating an aqueous foam reaction mixture generating chlorine dioxide which is removed in a direction 90 degrees to the axis of the spray nozzles. A baffle plate may be used to reduce the open cross sectional area of the exit port to increase reaction efficiency. The reactants are a mineral acid and an alkali metal chlorate or chloric acid and a reducing agent such as hydrogen peroxide. The mineral acid is either diluted or concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid or a blend thereof. The ratio of acid is greater than one and less than 3 kg acid per kg of ClO2 formed. The chlorine dioxide may be removed with a stripper column.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a spherical doped Al-Ni lithium cobalt oxide for lithium-ion battery. The preparation steps are that: first, sulfate, nitrate or chlorate of Al-Ni-Co react with strong alkali that is added with complex agent in liquid phase; the pH value, the temperature and the feeding speed of the reaction solution are controlled so as to produce a spherical precursor of Al-Ni-Co hydroxide; then the spherical precursor of Al-Ni-Co hydroxide is dried and evenly mixed with lithium hydroxide, lithium nitrate or lithium carbonate and dried; the obtained mixture is roasted into a spherical doped Al-Ni lithium cobalt oxide. The spherical doped Al-Ni lithium cobalt oxide has comparatively high tap density and remarkable cycle stability in the process of high-rate charge / discharge cycle, which improves over charge performance of Ni-Co substance and first obviously enhances charge / discharge efficiency; in addition, the preparation method of the spherical doped Al-Ni lithium cobalt oxide has the advantages of being simple, controllable and suitable for industrialized production with low energy consumption, high efficiency, short reaction time and low cost.

The invention described relates to gelled chlorine dioxide compositions comprising water, an acid, a water-soluble chlorite salt and a gelling agent in two parts A and B, wherein the gelling agent is xanthan gum or a mixture of xanthan gum and an acid stable gelling agents. Compositions according to the invention are storage stable for at least 6 months, preferably at least about year.

A fluid breaking composition which includes an effective amount of an alkali chlorite and / or hyperchlorite, where the composition reduces a viscosity of a polymer viscosified fluid to a desired low value at down hole conditions within a time period coincident with a formation stimulation time, generally between about 30 minutes and 195 minutes and to methods for making and using the breaking composition.

A process for converting in a single pass an aqueous alkaline pH, alkali metal chlorite solution into an aqueous chlorine dioxide-containing solution that involves the combination of (1) using an electrochemical acidification cell to lower the pH value of the aqueous alkali metal chlorite feed before it enters the anode compartment of an electrochemical oxidation cell where the chlorite is converted to chlorine dioxide with (2) using an anolyte flow pattern where the anolyte passes through a porous, high surface area electrode. This process results in a substantially improved conversion efficiency per pass.

A process for preparing oxidized graphite that provides exfoliated graphene, preferably with high surface area. The process uses considerably less chlorate than previously known systems.

The present invention relates to methods of treating subterranean formations with viscosified aqueous well treating compositions which break into thin fluids at static temperatures in the range of from about 150° F. to about 200° F. A breaker system is included in the compositions comprised of an alkali metal or ammonium persulfate breaker and a breaker activity delaying agent comprised of an alkali metal chlorite or hypochlorite.

The invention provides a harmless and comprehensive utilization method of secondary aluminum dross and relates to a harmless and comprehensive utilization method of secondary aluminum dross produced in an aluminum dross treating process. The harmless and comprehensive utilization method is characterized in that slurry is prepared from the secondary aluminum dross produced in the aluminum dross treating process and water, a stirring deamination reaction is performed, and ammonia gas formed through the reaction is condensed or absorbed by water; slurry after the reaction is subjected to liquid-solid separation, separated liquid phase is subjected to evaporative crystallization, and a chlorate and fluoride salt mixture is obtained; separated solid phase is used for producing a calcium aluminate material. With adoption of the method, the aluminum dross can be treated harmlessly, useful components in the aluminum dross are recovered efficiently, the harmless secondary aluminum dross can replace high-alumina bauxite for preparing a calcium aluminate product, production cost is reduced greatly, zero-release utilization of the aluminum dross is realized, the process is simple, the operation is convenient, the cost is low, environmental protection is realized, and the method has wide applicability.

A gas generating system devoid of a booster chamber. The inflator includes a composition having a metal chlorate as a first oxidizer, a primary fuel selected from carboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, and mixtures thereof, and a second oxidizer not having perchlorate character. The metal chlorate is provided at about 10-20 wt %, the primary fuel is provided at about 15-45 wt %, and the second oxidizer is provided at about 30-50 wt % stated by weight of the total composition.

The invention relates to a radar aluminum plating transfer coating suitable for a seamless molding process and a preparation method thereof. The coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0 to 4 percent of amino resin, 0 to 15 percent of cellulose ester resin, 3 to 28 percent of polyacrylate resin, 0 to 10 percent of nitro-cotton resin, 0 to 6 percent of vinyl acetate chlorate resin, 0 to 2.8 percent of additive, and 70 to 85 percent of solvent. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: adding the solvent and the resin components into a reaction kettle; stirring the mixture and then adding the additive into the mixture; and after adjusting the solid content and the viscosity, continuously stirring, cooling and filtering the mixture to obtain a product. Compared with the prior art, the radar aluminum plating transfer coating has the advantages of high production efficiency, low energy consumption, good process adaptability, good molding effect, easy elimination of seams, easy control of production, high smoothness degree, temperature resistance, good flexibility and the like.

The invention relates to a preparation method for a controllable duplex metal alloy nano particle. The metal alloy nano particles is a Pt / Pd-M alloy nano particle, wherein the M is selected from Ni, Fe, Co, Mn, Pd, Zn, Cu and Mo; during preparation, n-butyllithium is used as a strong reducing agent and oleylamine and tri-n-octylphosphine are used as protective agents to reduce acetylacetone, chlorate or acetate of the Pt / Pd-M (M= Ni, Fe, Co, Mn, Pd, Zn, Cu,Mo) at the same time so as to form the uniform and size-controllable Pt / Pd-M alloy nano particle without a concentration gradient. The preparation method is simple and controllable in preparation technology, and can solve the problem that when precursor reduction potentials of two metals are greatly different, one metal can be reduced in prior, so that the alloy nano particle can not be obtained easily, provides a better and universal synthetic method for the preparation of the duplex metal alloy nano particle, and provides a key precursor for the preparation of a new generation of metal-oxide nano hybridization body catalyst used for selective hydrogenation reaction.

The invention relates to an etchant composition and an etching method, wherein, the etchant composition comprises any two components of oxidants, acid and salt, and the pH value of the etchant composition is between 1 and 7. The oxidant components are selected from hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate and ceric ammonium nitrate; the acid components are selected from chloric acid, perchlorate, acetic acid, nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid and oxalic acid, and the salt components are selected from ammonium fluoride, ammonium bifluoride, diammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride and perfluorinated octyl sulfanilic acid (C8F17SO3NH4).

The invention relates to a method for degrading organic pollutants in water by gradient ozone catalytic oxidation, and relates to a gradient ozone catalytic oxidation combination method for degrading organic pollutants in water. By the method, the problem that the conventional advanced oxidation technology has defects during individual use, the problem that the organic pollutants in the water cannot be removed efficiently, the problem that the influence of the pH value and temperature of the water on the method is large, and the problem that high-toxicity byproducts are formed are solved. In the method, water treatment is realized by combining two or three of a process for treating O3 individually, an enhanced catalytic oxidation process for O3 and an O3 / ultraviolet (UV) process sequentially. By the reasonable optimizing and gradient combination of the three treatment modes, the method is suitable for wide pH values and a wide temperature range, the pollutants with intermediate toxicity are controlled to be formed, the toxicity of the pollutants is reduced, the pollutants in the water is degraded efficiently and completely, and the content of oxidative species in effluent is controlled. An efficient oxidation treatment effect is kept at low temperature, and the generation of bromate, nitroso dimethylamine, chlorate, perchlorate, iodate and periodate can be controlled greatly.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of chlorine dioxide, said process comprising the steps of continuously: (a) feeding to a reactor an acid, alkali metal chlorate and a reducing agent; (b) reacting the alkali metal chlorate with the acid and the reducing agent to form a product stream comprising chlorine dioxide and alkali metal salt of the acid; (c) bringing the product stream from the reactor to an eductor and mixing it with motive fluid fed to the eductor and thereby forming a diluted product stream; (d) bringing the diluted product stream to a gas-liquid separator where gas is separated from liquid therein; (e) withdrawing a gaseous product stream comprising chlorine dioxide and inert gas from said gas-liquid separator; and, (f) withdrawing a liquid phase from the gas-liquid separator. The invention also relates to a production unit to produce chlorine dioxide.

The invention relates to a single-coating aluminum plating transfer coating suitable for gravure and a preparation method thereof. The coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0 to 6 percent of vinyl acetate chlorate resin, 8 to 25 percent of acrylic resin, 0 to 12 percent of cellulose resin, 0 to 1 percent of auxiliary agent, and 70 to 85 percent of solvent. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: preparing materials, and then adding the solvent, the resin components and the auxiliary agent into a reaction kettle; controlling the stirring speed, the reaction temperature, the solid content and the viscosity; and performing cooling and filtering to obtain a final product. Compared with the prior art, the single-coating aluminum plating transfer coating has a simple production process, a high production efficiency, less energy consumption and a low cost; an printing ink has good levelling on the surface of a coating layer, has no lifting, and is difficult to generate alligator cracks and expose colors; and a piece of aluminized paper has good surface flatness, high metallic luster, good smoothness and good abrasion resistance, and contains no industrial forbidden solvents such as a triphen type solvent and the like.

An explosive composition comprises a porous fuel and an oxidizer. The porous fuel is a solid with a structure size measuring between about 2 nm and 1000 nm and has a porosity that lies between 10% and 98%. The oxidizer is solid or liquid at room temperature and is incorporated into the pores of the porous fuel. The oxidizer is selected, in an amount of at least 50% by weight relative to a total quantity of the oxidizer, from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl ammonium nitrate, organic nitro compounds or nitrates, alkali metal nitrates or earth alkali metal nitrates as well as metal nitrites, metal chlorates, metal perchlorates, metal bromates, metal iodates, metal oxides, metal peroxides, ammonium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate and mixtures thereof.

The invention provides a hexagonal crystal system Y-type ferrite electromagnetic material and a preparation method thereof. The material is a Ba2Co2-xZnxFeyO22 (x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2, and y is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 14) ferrite material with hexagonal flaky morphology, and is obtained by uniformly mixing reactants and a reaction medium and calcining, wherein the reactants at least comprise a barium source, an iron source and a cobalt source; the reaction medium is one kind of chlorate or a mixture of two kinds of chlorate; the molar ratio of various elements in the reactants is that the ratio of Ba to Fe is 2:(10-14), and the ratio of Ba to Co is 2:(0-2); and the ratio of the mass of the reaction medium to the total mass of the reactants is (1-4):1. The invention has the advantages that the morphology of ferrite powder particles can be well controlled; inorganic molten salt is taken as the reaction medium, and the reactants are quickly dispersed and fully contacted in the molten salt by utilizing the dissolution of the reactants in the molten salt so as to reduce reaction temperature and improve reaction rate; the molten salt runs through generated barium ferrite particles in the reaction process, so the mutual agglomeration among the particles can be stopped; and the process is simple, the product is high in purity, the resultant temperature is low, the mechanical ball milling is not required, the doping is avoided, and the particle size distribution is narrow.

A two-part disinfecting systems, as well as disinfecting compositions and methods for making and using the same. The two-part disinfecting system contains a first part and a second part adapted to be mixed to yield an aqueous disinfecting composition, wherein the first part comprises a chlorite and the second part comprises an acid, and wherein the first part, the second part, or both the first and second parts comprise an olefin compound.

The invention provides a method for preparing canthaxanthin. The method comprises that: in water and organic solvent immiscible with the water, under the action of hydrogen peroxide catalyst, alkali metal chlorate or bromate and beta-carotene are subjected to oxidation reaction, wherein the oxidation reaction is carried out by adding hydrogen peroxide into a mixture containing the beta-carotene, the water, metal iodide, the organic solvent immiscible with the water and the alkali metal chlorate or the alkali metal bromate to obtain reaction mixed solution. The method can efficiently produce the canthaxanthin in an industrialized mode in short time.

The invention relates to a one-step preparation method of a nanometer ceramic bond type superhard material grinding wheel. The preparation method comprises the following steps of using water-soluble nitrate or chlorate, a superhard material abrasive and a perforating agent corresponding to a to-be-prepared ceramic powder as raw materials; dissolving the raw materials, monomers or a crosslinking agent into water, and adding an initiating agent and a catalyst so as to polymerize a nanometer three-dimensional space network and form a gel under the condition of constant temperature of 20 to 80 DEG C; in the gel drying process, precipitating the water-soluble nitrate or chlorate, and forming nanometer grains by the limiting of the three-dimensional space network; uniformly distributing the superhard material abrasive into a base body of the ceramic bond, and adding one or multiple organic matters with better water solubility and lower melting point, so as to obviously reduce the shrinkage of the gel in the low-temperature drying process, early melt or decompose in the dry gel sintering process, and gradually release the stress concentration. By adopting the quick sintering technique, the preparation method has the advantages that the problem of abnormal growth of the nanometer ceramic bond in the subsequent sintering process is solved, and the nanometer ceramic bond type superhard material grinding wheel with good property can be prepared.

Various aspects of the present invention pertain to methods of sorption of various materials from an environment, including radioactive elements, chlorates, perchlorates, organohalogens, and combinations thereof. Such methods generally include associating graphene oxides with the environment. This in turn leads to the sorption of the materials to the graphene oxides. In some embodiments, the methods of the present invention also include a step of separating the graphene oxides from the environment after the sorption of the materials to the graphene oxides. More specific aspects of the present invention pertain to methods of sorption of radionuclides (such as actinides) from a solution by associating graphene oxides with the solution and optionally separating the graphene oxides from the solution after the sorption.

A new and useful way of treating oxidized-contaminant-containing water, soil, rock, other geological or non-geological matrix formation (such as a landfill) is provided. A bioreactor is provided that includes elemental sulfur and a microbial population capable of oxidizing sulfur and reducing pertechnate (TcO4−), arsenate (H2AsO4−), chromate (CrO42−), bromate (BrO3−), chlorite (ClO2−), chlorate (ClO3−), perchlorate (ClO4−), and uranium(VI) oxide, with biological reduction of these oxidized contaminants in the matrix containing the oxidized contaminant performed by the bioreactor, with the elemental sulfur as the electron donor.

The invention relates to a photocatalyst, in particular to a pucherite-based photocatalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The chemical formula of the pucherite-based photocatalyst is BiVO4, the crystal phase of the pucherite-based photocatalyst is a monoclinic phase, the grain size of the pucherite-based photocatalyst is 1-5 micrometers, the morphology of the pucherite-based photocatalyst is a pyramid frustum, and the exposed specific crystal faces of the pucherite-based photocatalyst are {010} and {110} crystal faces. The preparation method includes the steps that firstly, precursors NH4VO3 and Bi(NO3)3 are dissolved in a nitric acid water solution, the pH value of the solution is regulated with ammonium hydroxide, then soluble chlorate is added to regulate the concentration of chloride ions in the solution, and after aging, precipitate is transferred into a stainless steel autoclave with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner for hydrothermal treatment; then, orange-yellow powder is subjected to filtering separation, washed with deionized water, dried and roasted, and the pucherite-based photocatalyst is obtained. The pucherite-based photocatalyst can be applied to preparing dihydric alcohol through potocatalytic conversion of formaldehyde or acetaldehyde. The price of raw materials is low, and the photocatalyst is easy to prepare, stable in catalytic performance and high in reactivity.

The invention provides a preparation method of a high nitrogen-containing carbon material, and belongs to the technical field of a carbon composite material. Natural soybean with low price is taken as a C source, and is compounded with a certain amount of chlorate, and the high nitrogen-containing carbon material prepared by carbonizing twice under protection of inert gases has high specific surface area. An experiment shows that the high nitrogen-containing carbon material prepared by the preparation method is taken as an oxygen reduction catalyst for preparing a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and has the advantages of being good in stability, high in activity, not easy to poison, and the like. Above all, the used materials in the preparation process of the high nitrogen-containing carbon material disclosed by the method are not noble metal; and non-noble metal mineralization of the oxygen reduction catalyst in the fuel cell is achieved. Thus, the cost of the oxygen reduction catalyst is greatly reduced, and industrialization of the fuel cell is facilitated.

The invention relates to a method for adjusting and controlling the contents of chlorine and nitrate in a tobacco extract. The invention aims at solving the problems of complicated technique, relatively high cost, easily damaged original aromatic components in tobacco and chemical agent residue in the extract in adjusting and controlling the contents of the chlorine and the nitrate in the tobacco extract during the production of reconstituted tobacco leaves in the existing paper-process. The technical keys are as follows: the method is characterized in that a tobacco raw material extract used in the production of the reconstituted tobacco leaves in the paper-process is selected and the concentration thereof is adjusted and controlled to meet operation requirements, and then the extract is put into a nano filtration membrane circulating device for circulation and filtration and a trapped liquid with the chlorine and the nitrate removed and trapped by a nano filtration membrane is obtained; the trapping liquid is used as a material which is coated on and refilled into a substrate during the production of the reconstituted tobacco leaves in the paper-process, and a dialyzate containing high-content of the chlorine and the nitrate the salt of which is removed through reverse osmosis treatment, can be used for extracting process water or washing water of the nano filtration membrane and separating equipment, and the like.

The invention relates to a treatment method for deep-well polysulfide slurry drilling waste water, belonging to the technology for treating waste water of oil and gas field. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) coagulation treatment: pumping the drilling waste water into a coagulation reactor, and orderly adding inorganic coagulant, coagulant aids and flocculating agent; (2) secondaryflocculation: pumping the waste water processed in the coagulation treatment step into a secondary flocculation reactor, and directly adding secondary flocculation flocculant, coagulant aids and flocculating agent; (3) absorption treatment: pumping the waste water processed in the flocculation step into an active carbon adsorptive filtration reactor; (4) oxidation treatment: pumping the water filtered by the active carbon into an oxidation reactor for oxidation, and adding oxidant. The method takes the active carbon absorption and the oxidation treatment with inorganic chlorate type strong oxidizer as technical core processes, each index of the treated water can meet the level-1 technical standard requirements of a 'comprehensive sewage discharge standard' GB8978-1996.

A method is disclosed of practicing nasal hygiene comprising the steps of applying to a person's nostril a non-irritating hygienic composition consisting essentially of a product of compounding under homogenizing conditions water, 0.01% to 5% by weight, as chlorine dioxide, of a source of chlorine dioxide; 0.01% to 3% by weight of at least one olfactory stimulant, 0 to 5% by weight of at least one fixative compound less volatile than the olfactory stimulant 0.1 to 2.5% by weight of at least one inorganic salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal chloride, alkali metal bicarbonate, and alkali metal chlorate; and 0.0002 to 0.006% (as aluminum) by weight of at least one water soluble aluminum compound, provided that the total concentration of inorganic salt is in the range from 0.6% by weight to 2.5% by weight, holding the composition within the nostril for a hygienic holding period, and discharging the composition from the treated nostril.

On-Line and Off-Line methods of simultaneously cleaning and disinfecting an industrial water system are described and claimed. The methods involve the addition to the water of the industrial water system of a Compound selected from the group consisting of the alkali salts of chlorite and chlorate and mixtures thereof; and an acid, followed by allowing the water in the industrial water system to circulate for several hours. The reaction of the alkali salts of chlorite and chlorate and acid produces chlorine dioxide in-situ in the water of the industrial water system. The chlorine dioxide kills microorganisms and the acid acts to remove deposits upon the water-contact surfaces of the equipment. An alternative method involves the use of a chelating agent and a biocide. Other possible cleaning and disinfection reagents may be added as needed including corrosion inhibitors, chelating agents, biocides, surfactants and reducing agents. These cleaning and disinfecting methods work in a variety of industrial water systems including cooling water and boiler water systems.