The invention discloses a nano alumina-containing modified wood production method including five steps of wood pretreatment, preparation of a wood modification agent, preparation of a wood modification fluid, dipping treatment and post drying treatment, the wood modification agent comprises nano alumina, polyethylene glycol (peg), aluminum and titanium compound coupling agent OL-AT1618, distilled water, sodium octaborate, diammonium phosphate, boric acid, carbendazim, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and silicon sol, and the particle size of the nano alumina is in the 1-100 nm range. The beneficial effect is that the nano alumina-containing modified wood has the advantages of simple process, high efficiency, environmental protection, strong permeability, stable performance, even composite and the like, and the surface hardness, smoothness, wear resistance, cold and hot fatigue, fracture toughness, good processing properties, dimension stability, anti-corrosion flame retardant properties and the like of the treated wood are improved obviously.