77 results about "Cathode polarization" patented technology

The present invention relates to a process for grafting and growing a conductive organic film on(to) an electrically conductive or semiconductive surface in which the grafting and growing of the film are performed simultaneously by electro-reduction of a diazonium salt that is a precursor of the said film on(to) the said surface cathodically polarized at a potential greater than or equal, in absolute value, to the electro-reduction potential of the diazonium salt relative to a reference electrode. The invention finds an application especially in the protection of surfaces, the manufacture of localized conductive coatings, of chemical sensors in the fields of chemistry and molecular biology, the manufacture of biomedical equipment, etc.

The invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell, in particular to a transition element titanium or scandium-doped LSM (La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-Delta) cathode material and an application thereof. The cathode material includes the following component: [La(1-x)Srx] (1-y)Mn(1-z)MzO(3+ / -delta), (X and Y are more than 0 but less than 1, Z is more than 0 but less than or equal to 1, and delta is more than -1 but less than 1), wherein M is titanium or scandium element. The solid oxide fuel cell cathode comprises 1-100 percent of the cathode material and 0-99 percent of electrolyte material according to the mass percent; and the electrolyte material is one or more of 5-20 mol percent of Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2, 5-20 mol percent of Sc2O3 stabilized ZrO2, SmxCe(1-x)O2, GdxCe (1-x)O2, YxCe(1-x)O2, LaxCe(1-x)O2 and La(1-x)SrxGa(1-y)MgyO3 (X and Y are more than 0 but less than 1). The activity of catalytic oxygen reduction reaction of the LSM cathode material can be enhanced, the reaction process of oxygen on the surface of the cathode material is quickened, and the cathode polarization is reduced, therefore, the output power of the solid oxide fuel cell is effectively improved, and the output performance of a 600 DEG C battery is enhanced by twice than that of the standard LSM battery.

Disclosed are an intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell one-dimensional nano composite cathode and a preparation method thereof, which relate to an intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell cathode and a preparation thereof and resolve the technical problem of high resistance of exiting lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (LSCF) / gadolinia doped ceria (GDC) composite powder cathode polarization. Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 electrolyte sheets serve as a matrix of the cathode, the surface of the cathode is coated with nano rod shaped La0.8Sr0.2Co0.2Fe0.8O3 powder, and Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 nano granules are attached to a nano rod. The preparation method includes the steps of preparing nitrate to be a precursor solution, sintering after electrostatic spinning, obtaining nano rod shaped powder, coating the powder on electrolyte sheets for sintering, permeating a mixture liquid of gadolinium nitrate and cerium nitrate, and obtaining products after sintering; or mixing LSCF nano rod shaped powder and Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 nano powder to coat on electrolyte sheets for sintering, and obtaining products. The cathode and the preparation method thereof are used for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells.

The invention discloses an electrochemical surface treatment method and an electrochemical surface treatment device for a porous metal material. The method comprises the following steps: on the basis of applying a compact metal material which is the same as a to-be-treated porous metal material as a working electrode, utilizing an electrochemical working station to measure a steady-state cathode polarization curve of the compact metal material in the working electrolyte, determining a platform zone of a current-potential curve, and obtaining limitation diffusion-controlled electrochemical treatment condition of electro-deposition reaction; on the basis of applying to-be-treated porous metal material as a working electrode, enabling the working electrolyte to perform single-direction or circulating flow in an electrolytic cell; applying the determined limitation diffusion-controlled electrochemical treatment condition to carry out electrochemical surface treatment on the porous metal material until a set value is reached. The electrochemical surface treatment method disclosed by the invention can be used for treating the inner surface of the porous metal material more effectively, so that the outer-layer surface and inner-layer surface of the porous structure of the metal material are more uniform in treatment effect, and therefore, a better electro-deposition treatment effect or electro-polishing effect is obtained.

The present invention relates to a process for grafting and growing a conductive organic film on(to) an electrically conductive or semiconductive surface in which the grafting and growing of the film are performed simultaneously by electro-reduction of a diazonium salt that is a precursor of the said film on(to) the said surface cathodically polarized at a potential greater than or equal, in absolute value, to the electro-reduction potential of the diazonium salt relative to a reference electrode.The invention finds an application especially in the protection of surfaces, the manufacture of localized conductive coatings, of chemical sensors in the fields of chemistry and molecular biology, the manufacture of biomedical equipment, etc.

The invention provides a crevice-corrosion-avoiding sample packaging method in stainless steel pitting study. The method comprises the steps of working electrode cutting, prepassivation processing, packaging and passivation film removing. The method is characterized in that in the packaging step, before packaging materials are used for packaging a working electrode of a sample, a film adheres to the center of the working face of the working electrode, film is smaller than the working face of the working electrode, so that the edge where the film does not adhere is reserved on the periphery of the working face of the sample working electrode, after the packaging step is over, the film is removed, and in the passivation film removing step, a cathode polarization method is used for removing a passivation film. The invention further provides a crevice-corrosion-avoiding sample packaging structure in stainless steel pitting study.

The invention discloses a preparation method of 1-hydroxymethyl benzotriazole, which specifically comprises the following steps: mixing benzotriazole, sulfuric acid, water and a paraformaldehyde solution; slowly heating, starting stirring and carrying out heat-insulation reaction; when a white powdery substance is generated, continuously heating until the precipitate is completely dissolved; insulating heat and cooling to room temperature; filtering to obtain white needle-like 1-hydroxyl benzotriazole crystals; and drying to obtain the product. According to the preparation method of 1-hydroxymethyl benzotriazole disclosed by the invention, the synthesis process is relatively simple, the production time and the usage amount of synthesis raw materials are saved, the production efficiency is high, and the product yield is over 98.65%; the 1-hydroxymethyl benzotriazole produced by the method has a good corrosion inhibition effect on copper; and detection shows that the addition of the 1-hydroxymethyl benzotriazole enables the self-corrosion potential of copper to turn negative, the inhibition effect on cathode polarization is enhanced, the charge transfer resistance on the surface of a copper electrode is increased, and thus the corrosion inhibition effect is relatively good.

An electrical depolarization circuit is used to shorten the charging time of secondary cells by transferring a portion of the battery electrode cathode polarization charge into an ionic capacitor stream comprised of a gaseous ionic mixture of lower oxidative potential flowing within a tubular circuit passing through the battery electrolyte.

The invention discloses a non-cyanide alkaline copper plating agent and a using method thereof. The non-cyanide alkaline copper plating agent comprises the following substances: a pH regulator, a current stabilizer, a change agent and a complexing agent. By using the non-cyanide alkaline copper plating agent, sodium cyanide in the conventional cyanide copper plating solution can be replaced without changing the original process, and the totally non-cyanide alkaline copper plating process can be used to solve the multiple disadvantages existing in the conventional non-cyanide alkaline copper plating processes at home and abroad, thereby allowing the non-cyanide alkaline copper plating process to reach a cyanide copper plating level. The non-cyanide alkaline copper plating agent and the using method have the characteristics that the current efficiency and the deposition velocity are high; the cathode polarization capability and a binding force are good; a coating layer is exquisite, tamping-resistant and scratch-resistant, and has no brittleness; no bubble is generated under high temperature baking; the non-cyanide alkaline copper plating agent can be directly used for barrel plating and rack plating of steel and brass, and used for copper plating of zinc die castings, zinc alloys and aluminium alloys; the treatment on waste water is easy; the requirements of cleaning production are met; the long-standing worldwide problems of harms to persons, and damage and pollution to the ecological environment caused by cyanide are solved; and an international blank is filled.