The invention belongs to the field of aluminum-based
composite material and preparation technology thereof and in particular discloses a
ceramic particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient
composite material, a preparation method thereof and a device used by the method. The
composite material uses aluminum
alloy as a matrix; the volume fractions of
ceramic particles serving as a reinforcement material in the
surface layer and the bottom layer are between 30 and 40 percent and between 0 and 5 percent respectively; the
ceramic particles perform continuous gradient variation from the
surface layer to the bottom layer; and the preparation method comprises the following steps: introducing the ceramic reinforced particles to a high-pressure
airflow channel by a
discharge amount regulation device to form a
solid phase flow and a
gas phase flow; atomizing molten aluminum
alloy liquid, mixing the molten aluminum
alloy liquid and the ceramic particles of the
solid phase flow and the
gas phase flow, and precipitating the mixture on a deposition matrix to prepare a deposition billet; and controlling the
discharge amount regulation device and output air pressure through a
programmable logic controller according to the height information of the deposition billet to obtain the
ceramic particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material. The preparation method of the invention has convenient operation and high
automation degree; and the prepared composite material has the advantages of light weight,
high wear resistance and anticorrosion of the surface and the like.