The invention relates to an experimental device and method for pulse hydrofracture transforming of a shale gas storing layer. The experimental device comprises a high pressure water pump, a fracturing fluid pond, a filtering device, a waterpower pulse generating device, a triaxial stress loading device, a pressure sensor, a sound emission device, a throttle valve, an overflow valve, a data collection recording system and a core test specimen. The device provided by the invention can simulate the operating environment of a shale sample under main operating parameter such as different pulse pressures and impulse frequencies on a certain confining pressure condition; moreover, the device can monitor a space-time developing rule of cracks and can test permeability change before and after fracture in real time; therefore, an experimental platform is provided for researching pulse hydrofracture of a shale gas storing layer. The experimental device provided by the invention has strong practicality, is easy to assemble, convenient to operate, is compact in structure, and can better imitate fracture damage and permeability change mechanism of a shale sample of the shale gas storing layer under the actions of static pressure and pulse hydrofracture.