719results about "Tuyeres" patented technology

A submerged combustion burner having co-axial fuel and oxidant tubes forming an annular space therebetween, wherein the outer tube extends beyond the end of the inner tube. A burner nozzle having an outside diameter corresponding to the inside diameter of the outer tube is connected to the outlet end of the inner tube and forms a centralized opening in fluid communication with the inner tube and at least one peripheral longitudinally oriented opening in fluid communication with the annular space. In accordance with one embodiment, a longitudinally adjustable rod is disposed within the inner tube for adjustment of fluid flow therethrough, and a cylindrical insert having at least one flame stabilizer for stabilizing a flame produced by the burner is attached to the outlet end of the outer tube. In accordance with another embodiment, fluid flow through the inner tube is achieved by a flow control valve operably connected to the inner tube.

A submerged combustion burner having co-axial fuel and oxidant tubes forming an annular space therebetween, wherein the outer tube extends beyond the end of the inner tube. A burner nozzle having an outside diameter corresponding to the inside diameter of the outer tube is connected to the outlet end of the inner tube and forms a centralized opening in fluid communication with the inner tube and at least one peripheral longitudinally oriented opening in fluid communication with the annular space. In accordance with one embodiment, a longitudinally adjustable rod is disposed within the inner tube for adjustment of fluid flow therethrough, and a cylindrical insert having at least one flame stabilizer for stabilizing a flame produced by the burner is attached to the outlet end of the outer tube. In accordance with another embodiment, fluid flow through the inner tube is achieved by a flow control valve operably connected to the inner tube.

It is the object to provide a production process of monodisperse particle in which monodisperse particle with uniform particle size (particle diameter) can be stably mass-produced, and monodisperse particle produced by this process, and its production apparatus. The supply pipe diameter deltaf is set to be greater than the orifice diameter deltao and the internal and external pressure of the slurry retention part b is controlled, and this allows to facilitate supply of the slurry through the supply pipe (21c), and continuously and efficiently supply the slurry, and then to produce monodisperse particle with uniform particle size (particle diameter).

A multi-purpose, multi-oxy-fuel High Temperature Power Burner / Injector / Oxygen Lance, Mechanical System Apparatus Device, for steelmaking from recycled scrap and / or virgin ferrous charge, which can be employed in multi-oxy-fuel (natural gas; pulverized carbonaceous matter; heavy oil), especially by Oxygen Combusted mixture of Natural Gas / Pulverized Carbonaceous Matter in High Temperature Power Burner Mode, for efficient and rapid melting of solid ferrous charge (cold or preheated) in a special steelmaking Metallurgical Furnace or Open Hearth Furnace, Tandem Furnace, BOF, EAF, as its augmenting or only source of thermal energy; more than one Device in Oxygen-Natural Gas / Pulverized Carbonaceous Matter Power Burner Mode, can be employed as the only source of thermal energy in a modified, originally Electric Arc Furnace, as total replacement of Graphite Electrodes and Electric Arc System, the replacement being noticeably more primary energy efficient than the thermal energy provided by Graphite Electrode / Arc System; it also can be employed in an Solid Particles Injector Mode, for injecting of adequately granulated carbonaceous materials or lime into the molten steel for its carburizing or for foamy slag control; further it can be employed in a natural gas shrouded, pulsating oxygen stream, for vertically to the charge oriented soft blow supersonic Oxygen Injection Lance Mode, for decarburization of the molten metal contained in the hearth of the metallurgical furnace and foamy slag control; in one of the embodiments-generally arcuate-pivotally mounted, liquid media cooled composite body, is pivoted into and out of a furnace vessel through a small opening in the shell wall for auto-regulated constant optimal positioning of the Composite Body Tip against solid or molten charge, in each and all multi-purpose modes; furthermore, when inserted into the furnace vessel, the arcuate composite body can be rotated about its longitudinal axis for directing the oxy-fuel high temperature flame towards unmolten charge in the furnace; in an other-generally linear-embodiment, the liquid cooled composite body is attached to the mast type carrier allowing vertical movement of the composite body which enters the furnace vessel through a small opening in the furnace roof; the bimetallic, liquid cooled special tip assembly of both-arcuate and linear embodiments-of the composite body includes easy replaceable, independent, multi-opening nozzles, mounted in a protective, retracted position inside of the liquid cooled special tip assembly.

An improved method and apparatus for EAF steelmaking wherein the method provides additional thermal energy to the steel making process, carbon injection for the formation of foamy slag, and oxygen injection for the decarburization of the melt, the formation of foamy slag and post combustion burning of carbon monoxide. The apparatus comprises a unique burner configuration which has a central conduit for alternatively supplying fluid hydrocarbon fuel or particulate carbon with a carrier gas which are discharged through a exit opening. The fuel or carbon is mixed with a high speed, preferably supersonic, stream of oxidizing gas. The high speed stream of oxidizing gas is provided by an annular supersonic nozzle which causes the oxidizing gas to surround the fuel or the particulates with an annular flow. The annular nozzle design can be adjusted to direct the flows of particulates and oxidizing gases in the areas and shapes desired for efficient management of the steelmaking process. Optionally, the burner can have another conduit for the secondary supply of a pressurized flow of hydrocarbon fluid fuel to a series of apertures which surround the annular flow. Further, optionally, the burner can have another conduit for the supply of a pressurized flow of a secondary oxidizing gas to a series of apertures which surround the annular flow.

An improved apparatus for EAF steelmaking providing a lance for the injection of oxidizing gas, preferably oxygen, or other metallurgical gases and particulate materials into a steelmaking process. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a lance body configuration which has a central conduit for the supply of a pressurized flow of oxygen. A consumable lance tip made of refractory material is connected to the lance body such that it is in fluid communication with the central conduit.

A cooling system comprises serpentine cooling fluid passages cast into a work piece with carefully controlled turning radii and profiles. Individual interdigitated baffles are contoured in the plane of coolant flow to have walls that thicken and then round off at their distal ends. The outside radii at these turns is similarly rounded and controlled such that the coolant flow will not be swirled into eddies.

Systems and methods for use in processing raw material (e.g., iron bearing material) include a linear furnace apparatus extending along a longitudinal axis between a charging end and a discharging end (e.g., the linear furnace apparatus includes at least a furnace zone positioned along the longitudinal axis). Raw material is provided into one or more separate or separable containers (e.g., trays) at the charging end of the linear furnace apparatus. The separate or separable containers are moved through at least the furnace zone and to the discharging end where the processed material is discharged resulting in one or more empty containers. One or more of the empty containers are returned to the charging end of the linear furnace apparatus to receive further raw material.

The invention is a method and apparatus for producing beneficiated titanium oxides using a modified rotary hearth furnace, that is a finisher-hearth-melter (FHM) furnace. In the method the refractory surface of the hearth is coated with carbonaceous hearth conditioners and refractory compounds, where onto said hearth is charged with pre-reduced agglomerates. The pre-reduced agglomerates is leveled, then heated until molten, and then reacted with the carbon and reducing gas burner gases until any residual iron oxide is converted to iron having a low sulfur content. Fluid slag and molted iron forms melted agglomerates. The fluid slag is rich in titanium. The melted agglomerates are cooled, and then the melted agglomerates and the hearth conditioners, including the refractory compounds, are discharged onto a screen, which separate the melted agglomerates from the hearth conditioner. The hearth conditioner is recycled, and the melted agglomerates are prepared for sale or for additional treatment in a final melter, where the final melter is preferably an electric furnace. Exhaust gases from the FHM furnace are recovered for calcining coal into fuel gases and coke.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a molten metal containment structure including a refractory molten metal containment vessel having an external surface, and a metal casing for the vessel having an internal surface at least partially surrounding the external surface of the vessel at a distance therefrom forming a spacing between the vessel and the casing. The spacing includes an unobstructed upwardly extending gap that is vented to the exterior of the structure by upper and lower openings in the casing. A layer of insulating material is preferably positioned in the spacing between the internal surface of the casing and the external surface of the vessel, with the layer of insulating material being narrower than the spacing at least at upwardly extending sides of the casing, thereby forming the unobstructed gap. The vessel may be a metal conveying trough, a housing for a metal filter, a container for a metal degasser unit, a crucible, or the like.

An outstandingly low environmental impact wet process recovers the lead content of an electrode slime and / or of lead minerals in the valuable form of high purity lead oxide or compound convertible to highly pure lead oxide by heat treatment in oven at relatively low temperature, perfectly suited for making active electrode pastes of new batteries or other uses. The process basically comprises the following treatments:a) suspending the impure lead containing material in an aqueous bath containing at least a lead oxide dissolving acid;b) reducing any insoluble lead dioxide to lead oxide by introducing in the suspension either hydrogen peroxide, a sulphite or sulphurous anhydride;c) converting all dissolved lead oxide to lead sulphate in the aqueous bath;d) obtaining a solution of lead sulphate obtained in an aqueous solution containing an acetate salt;e) precipitating and separating a purified lead compound in the form of either carbonate / oxycarbonate or of oxide / or hydroxide by adding to said acetate salt solution a carbonate salt or a hydroxide of the same cation of said acetate salt, respectively.Exemplary flow sheets according to several alternative embodiments and related processing plant diagrams are disclosed.

A method and an apparatus for advantageously introducing a flame and a high velocity oxidizing gas into a furnace for metal melting, refining and processing, particularly steel making in an electric arc furnace. The steel making process of an electric arc furnace is made more efficient by shortening the time of the scrap melting phase and introducing an effective high velocity oxidizing gas stream into the process sooner to decarburize the melted metal. In one implementation of an apparatus, improved efficiency is obtained by mounting a fixed burner / lance closer to the hot face of the furnace refractory at an effective injection angle. This mounting technique shortens the distance that the flame of the burner has to melt through the scrap to clear a path to the molten metal and shortens the distance the high velocity oxygen from the lance travels to the slag-metal interface thereby increasing its penetrating power. The method additionally includes supplying a plurality of reaction zones with the high velocity oxidizing gas to decarburize the melted metal. The plurality of reaction zones increases the surface area available for the reaction thereby allowing a more rapid rate of decarburization and a more homogenous metal bath. The reaction zones are supplied with the high velocity oxidizing gas according to an oxygen supply profile which is related to the carbon content of the metal bath. In this manner an optimal amount of oxygen can be introduced into the metal bath to shorten the decarburization process without producing excessive oxidation of the metal bath and excessive free oxygen in the furnace.

To facilitate a trouble-free charging of scrap metal having differing constitutions, such as light and heavy scrap metal, from a lower discharge opening of a shaft-shaped charging device or a charging stock preheater (1) into a melting vessel by a pusher (13), the lateral surfaces of the pusher (13) are formed so as to converge from the upper side to the lower side and the actuating device (2) of the pusher (13) is pivotably supported in a frame structure (3) about a horizontal axis. In addition, the upper boundary of the discharge opening for the charging stock from the shaft (2) is preferably formed by a horizontal, rotatably supported roller (26), more preferably with engaging elements (30) distributed around the circumferential surface. Sections of the charging device that are severely mechanically stressed are preferably formed by steel billet sections connected to form a structural unit.

In the method of producing reduced iron according to the invention, fine iron oxides and powdery solid reductants are mixed, compacted into sheet-like compacts, and charged onto the hearth of a reduction furnace for reduction while maintaining the temperature inside the furnace at not less than 1100 DEG C. As the sheet-like compacts can be obtained by compacting mixture of raw material by use of rollers or the like, processing time is much shorter than the case of pelletization or agglomeration. A drying step is unnecessary since feeds are placed no the hearth via a feeder chute or the like. The method is carried out with ease by use of the facility according to the invention. High quality hot metal can be produced by charging reduced iron in hot condition obtained by the method described as above into a shaft furnace or a in-bath smelting furnace for melting at high thermal efficiency.

A bedding carbonaceous material is charged onto a hearth of a rotary hearth furnace, carbonaceous-material containing pellets containing powdery iron ore and powdery coal are placed on the bedding carbonaceous material, and the hearth is caused to pass inside the rotary hearth furnace to heat and reduce the carbonaceous-material containing pellets to solid reduced iron and to heat and dry the bedding carbonaceous material by distillation into char. Subsequently, the solid reduced iron and the char are charged into an iron-melting furnace without being substantially cooled, and an oxygen gas is blown into the iron-melting furnace to melt the solid reduced iron, thereby obtaining molten iron. At least a part of an exhaust gas from the iron-melting furnace is used as a fuel gas for the rotary hearth furnace after being cooled and having dust removed.

The present invention is an apparatus and method for the direct reduction of iron oxide utilizing a rotary hearth furnace to form a high purity carbon-containing iron metal button. The hearth layer may be a refractory or a vitreous hearth layer of iron oxide, carbon, and silica compounds. Additionally, coating materials may be introduced onto the refractory or vitreous hearth layer before iron oxide ore and carbon materials are added, with the coating materials preventing attack of the molten iron on the hearth layer. The coating materials may include compounds of carbon, iron oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, and / or aluminum oxide. The coating materials may be placed as a solid or a slurry on the hearth layer and heated, which provides a protective layer onto which the iron oxide ores and carbon materials are placed. The iron oxide is reduced and forms molten globules of high purity iron and residual carbon, which remain separate from the hearth layer. An improved apparatus includes a cooling plate that is placed in close proximity with the refractory or vitreous hearth layer, cooling the molten globules to form iron metal buttons that are removed from the hearth layer. The improvements due to the present apparatus and method of operation provide high purity iron and carbon solid buttons, which are separate from slag particulates, and discharged without significant loss of iron product to the interior surfaces of the furnace.

The invention relates to a wear-resistant and heat-resistant complex coating laser fusion approach on the tuyere surface of a blast furnace. The high power laser quickly scans and welds the tuyere surface of the blast furnace and metallurgically combines with the substrate materials to form a good nickel-based toughness transition layer. The laser bandwidth clads the nickel-based toughness transition layer to produce a cobalt-based alloy with excellent effects of wear-resistant and heat-resistant. The technology process comprises the following steps: firstly the blast furnace tuyere is pre-treated; secondly the pre-deposited nickel-base alloy is coated with plasma; thirdly the nickel-based alloy is welded quickly by the high power laser; fourthly the cobalt-based alloy is clad by the high power laser bandwidth; finally is the following heat treatment. The invention can avoid the structure stress caused by the difference between the substrate material and the cladding material in the laser cladding process. In addition, the treatment to the copper substrate before and after laser cladding can decrease temperature gradient so as to prevent the cladding layer from cracking to a certain degree.

The invention discloses a corundum-silicon nitride-silicon carbide compound castable used for a blast tuyere zone of an ironmaking blast furnace. The corundum, the silicon nitride, the silicon carbide, aluminate cement, aluminum powder, silicon metal, ultrafine silica powder, alumina powder and polypropylene fiber are mixed to form the castable. Residual brick of compound brown corundum refractory brick can be fast poured and repaired at the blast tuyere zone of the ironmaking blast furnace. When building a blast furnace, residual brick can be direct poured and formed to replace the compound brown corundum refractory forming brick and no high temperature is needed to fire during the production process; therefore, the invention is also an energy saving refractory for the blast tuyere zone of the ironmaking blast furnace and cast-place construction is not limited by space; fast pouring masonry is carried out and fast drying method is adopted, thereby being an inorganic nonmetal refractory applied to fast-drying quick furnace building and repairing during the blast furnace repairing and the tuyere zone of the newly-built blast furnace. The invention can normally furnace dry with the blast furnace.

A method and apparatus for reducing iron oxides using microwave heating in a furnace chamber which is sealed against the entrance of air reduces the energy required and produces a low temperature reduction and allows the recovery of combustible synthetic gas as a byproduct of the process. Avoidance of the reduction of sulfur, phorphorus and silica is also insured, as is the need to reduce the silica content of the feed material prior to reducing the ore. A continuous rotary hearth furnace, a rotary kiln, a linear conveyor and vertical shaft furnace chamber configurations are described. A secondary heating zone can also be included to process the reduced iron into iron nuggets or liquid metallic iron.

In a method of producing direct reduced iron with use of a coal-derived gas, coal is heated to lower the moisture thereof, and the moisture-lowered coal is gasified in a coal gasification furnace to produce a coal-derived gas containing a reducing gas. The reducing gas is then utilized to reduce iron ore in an iron ore reducing furnace. With use of an exhaust gas from the iron ore reducing furnace, the coal is heated in the step of heating coal.

A metallurgical furnace, which includes a furnace shell, an exhaust system, and a gas cleaning system, further includes a plurality of improved pipes and fume ducts throughout to increase operational life and productivity. The pipes and fumes ducts are comprised of an aluminum-bronze alloy which provides enhanced properties over prior art materials including thermal conductivity, modulous of elasticity and hardness. The use of the alloy also minimizes maintenance requirements of the pipes and fume ducts, thereby extending their operational life. In operation, gases formed from smelting or refining are evacuated from the furnace shell through the exhaust system into the gas cleaning system. The gases, as well as the system, are water cooled by way of the plurality of pipes displaced throughout.

The invention discloses a method for laser cladding Co-based alloy coating on the surface of a blast-furnace tuyere, which includes the following steps of: (1) preprocessing the surface of an air outlet of the blast-furnace tuyere; (2) praying predeposited base alloy on the surface of the air outlet; (3) before being fed into a CO2 laser, preprocessing a blast-furnace tuyere workpiece; (4) feeding powder in a backward synchronous way or a coaxial way, and then multi-pass cladding Co-based alloy powder at the work layer of the air outlet of the blast-furnace tuyere which is predeposited by the gas argon arc welding by the CO2 laser; simultaneously, protecting the region which is processed in the laser cladding way by inert gases; and (5) follow-up processing. Under the premise of not affecting the thermal conductance of the copper matrix, the method can obtain the coating with high-hardness, wear-resistance and high temperature oxidation-resistance and can make the coating firmly bonded with the matrix in a metallurgical way; therefore, the method can significantly prolong the service life of the blast-furnace tuyere. In addition, the method has the advantage of low cost and can be used in the partial restoration of a waste blast-furnace tuyere.

The invention relates to a method for two-stage coal injection in blast furnace ironmaking and a device thereof. The invention is characterized in that the inventive two-stage coal injection device provided with a special distributor, an inert gas special pipeline, a plurality of control valves, a flowmeter and a control meter is utilized, fixed operational programs are executed and partial technological parameters are controlled, thus realizing the two-stage coal injection of the blast furnace; through practical production verification for 40 days, by adopting the device and method, blockage of injection guns is effectively avoided; the average coal ratio of the blast furnace is increased by 11.35kg / tHM; and the coke ratio is reduced by 9.87kg / tHM.

The invention relates to a matching technology in blast furnace iron-smelting process for metallurgical industry, in particular to a preheating technology before a blast furnace sprays coal powder, which solves the problem of the realization of coal powder preheating spraying technology in industry. A preheating technology before the blast furnace sprays coal powder heats up coal powder to 120-160 DEG C with the blast furnace high temperature waste gas which is produced by a blast furnace hot blast stove before coal powder is sprayed into the blast furnace, thereby largely reducing the time of coal powder from heating up in a blast furnace air opening to firing, and increasing the combustion time of coal powder in the air opening and a convolution region, thereby increasing the combustion rate of coal powder, reducing the unfavorable affects of the non combusted coal powder for the blast furnace, increasing coal-to-coke replacement, and enlarging coal spraying quantity.

The invention relates to a system and a method for controlling the automatic coal injection of a blast furnace serial pot, which belongs to the technical field of the automatic coal injection of a blast furnace serial pot. The system comprises a hardware monitoring system and a software processing module. The system is characterized in that a Siemens PLC control system and an upper monitoring system is connected by a Profibus network to monitor the state of each coal injection process; the real-time data communication of model calculation and automatic regulation with coal injection is realized by an Ethernet; the software processing module mainly comprises a data acquisition module, a sampled data renewing module, a mathematical model coefficient correction module, a mathematical model calculation module, a fuzzy regulation module and a fast-regulation module; and all parts of the software processing module run on an industrial computer. The system and the method overcome the difficulty that a weighting result of a coal injection system of a serial pot is affected by numerous factors, use many mathematical methods to handle a weighting result of a coal injection pot, are combined with a mathematical model and fuzzy control and realize the automatic coal injection control of a blast furnace serial pot.

The invention relates to a method for quantitatively evaluating activity of a tuyere convolute region. In the method, the depth DR of the tuyere convolute region, the width WR of the tuyere convolute region, the sectional area A of the convolute region, the sectional area B of the adjacent tuyere and the sectional area Sdead of a dead material column are calculated through the basic parameters of the tuyere convolute region of a blast furnace; and the activity index AIR of the tuyere convolute region of the blast furnace is calculated through a formula. According to the method, the defect of mismatch of the original 'blasting kinetic energy' index and the shape characteristic of the convolute region is overcome; the activity index of the tuyere convolute region and the depth of the convolute region basically form a one-to-one correspondence relationship; the active degree and the existing state of the tuyere convolute region and an air-permeating and liquid-permeating channel on the lower part are reflected accurately, reasonably and effectively; and important judgment basis and technical basis are provided for a regulating agent on the lower part of the blast furnace.

A concentrate burner for feeding a pulverous concentrate mixture and reaction gas into the reaction shaft (1) of a flash smelting furnace. The concentrate burner includes a feeder pipe (2) for feeding the concentrate mixture into the reaction shaft (1), the orifice (3) of the feeder pipe opening to the reaction shaft, a dispersing device (4), which is arranged concentrically inside the feeder pipe (2) and which extends to a distance from the orifice inside the reaction shaft (1) for directing dispersing gas to the concentrate mixture flowing around the dispersing device. For feeding the reaction gas into the reaction shaft (1), a gas supply device (5) includes a reaction gas chamber (6), which is located outside the reaction shaft and opens to the reaction shaft (1) through an annular discharge orifice (7) that surrounds the feeder pipe (2) concentrically for mixing the reaction gas discharging from the discharge orifice with the concentrate mixture discharging from the middle of the feeder pipe, the concentrate mixture being directed to the side by means of the dispersing gas. The reaction gas chamber (6) comprises a turbulent flow chamber, to which an inlet channel (9) opens tangentially for directing the reaction gas to the reaction gas chamber in a tangential direction. In the inlet channel (9), an adjusting member (11) is arranged for adjusting the cross-sectional area of the reaction gas flow.

A technology of repairing inner lining material of blast furnaces, especially thermally repairing bustle pipes. It comprises: a. clogging and insulating the ceramic fiber layer containing metallic framework ; b. dissembling the firebricks in inner walls; c. supporting and fixing flatiron onto iron housing of the pipe;d. selecting firebricks. The invention is mainly used to repair inner linings ofblast furnaces.