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4703 results about "Temperature gradient" patented technology

A temperature gradient is a physical quantity that describes in which direction and at what rate the temperature changes the most rapidly around a particular location. The temperature gradient is a dimensional quantity expressed in units of degrees (on a particular temperature scale) per unit length. The SI unit is kelvin per second (K/s). It can be found in the formula for dQ/dt, the rate of heat transfer per second.

Methods for sterilizing biological materials by irradiation over a temperature gradient

Methods are disclosed for sterilizing tissue to reduce the level of one or more active biological contaminants or pathogens therein, such as viruses, bacteria, (including inter- and intracellular bacteria, such as mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, nanobacteria, chlamydia, rickettsias), yeasts, molds, fungi, spores, prions or similar agents responsible, alone or in combination, for TSEs and / or single or multicellular parasites. The methods involve sterilizing one or more tissues with irradiation.
Owner:CLEARANT

Ammonothermal process for bulk synthesis and growth of cubic GaN

A method of growing single-crystals of a cubic (zinc blende) form of gallium nitride, the method comprising the steps of: placing into a reaction tube or acid resistant vessel a gallium source, anhydrous ammonia, an acid mineralizer and a metal halide salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal halides, copper halides, tin halides, lanthanide halides and combinations thereof; closing said reaction tube or vessel; heating said reaction tube; cooling said reaction tube or vessel; and collecting single-crystals of cubic (zinc blende) form of GaN; wherein said reaction tube or vessel has a temperature gradient with a hot zone of at least 250° C., wherein said reaction tube or vessel has a temperature gradient with a cool zone of at least 150° C., and wherein said acid mineralizer has a sufficient concentration to permit chemical transport of GaN in said reaction tube or vessel from said hot zone to said cool zone due to said temperature gradient within said reaction tube or vessel.
Owner:THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AS REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY

Silicon Casting Apparatus and Method of Producing Silicon Ingot

A silicon casting apparatus for producing polycrystal silicon ingot by heating a silicon melt (8) held in a mold (4) from above by a heater (3) and cooling it from below while changing the heat exchange area of a heat exchange region (HE), defined between a pedestal (5) having the mold (4) placed thereon and a bottom cooling member (6), in such a manner as to keep pace with the rise of the solid-liquid interface of the silicon melt (8), thereby causing unidirectional solidification upward along the mold (4); and a method of producing polycrystal silicon ingot using such apparatus. According to this production method, the temperature gradient given to the silicon melt (8) can be maintained at constant by adjusting the heat exchange area, so that polycrystal silicon ingot having good characteristics can be produced with good reproducibility.
Owner:KYOCERA CORP

Fire detecting system applied to unmanned helicopter and fire detecting method thereof

The invention discloses a fire detecting system applied to an unmanned helicopter and a fire detecting method thereof. The system comprises infrared image acquiring equipment and a signal processing flow network, wherein the signal processing flow network comprises an input layer, a middle layer and an output layer; the temperature gradient operator calculation is respectively carried out in the vertical direction, the horizontal direction, the direction of plus 45 degrees and the direction of minus 45 degrees in the center of a suspected area, and a calculation result is a basis of judging fire flame; a differential algorithm adopting interframe time difference as the time change rate is carried out by a method for subtracting absolute values of adjacent interframe pixel gray values, anda calculation result is used as a basis of judging a fire high-risk point. The invention rapidly recognizes the fire flame and the fire high-risk point by a platform with low cost and high efficiencyof the unmanned helicopter through an infrared camera, early warns a fire accurately in time and has the characteristics of manoeuvrability, high efficiency and no dead angle. A fire flame and fire high-risk point detecting algorithm designed by aiming at the detection of an infrared image is efficient, simple, practical and effective.
Owner:SOUTH CHINA UNIV OF TECH

Turbine shroud

A turbine shroud (30) of a gas turbine engine comprises a plurality of arcuate shroud segments (31) combined into an annular configuration, each shroud segment including a main body (32) defining an inner circumferential surface opposing the tips of the turbine rotor blades (11a) at a small clearance and an engagement feature including an axial wall (33a, 34a) having a prescribed circumferential length and a prescribed axial length, the turbine casing including an axial slot (51, 52) extending coaxially around the center line of the engine and configured to receive the axially extending wall of each shroud segment. A clearance defined between each circumferential end part (E) of the axial wall and an opposing inner circumferential surface of the turbine casing is greater than that defined between a circumferentially middle part (M) of the axial wall and an opposing inner circumferential surface of the turbine casing under a cool condition of the engine. A radial temperature gradient that develops in each shroud segment when the engine is warmed causes a deformation of the shroud segment such that the clearance can be made substantially uniform over the entire circumference of the shroud segment and the cooling air leakage can be minimized while minimizing thermal stress that may be caused by the thermal expansion of the shroud segment.
Owner:HONDA MOTOR CO LTD

Device for determining heat-conductivity coefficient

The invention relates to a device for determining the heat-conductivity coefficient. The device comprises a testing cavity, a hot-end heating system, a cold-end cooling system, a vacuumizing system, a temperature acquisition system and a pressure control system, wherein a testing platform is arranged in the testing cavity; and the whole testing platform is of an upper-lower structure and is provided with a heating block, a down-pressing head, a sample to be tested, an upper pressing head and a cooling block in sequence from bottom to top. The device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the horizontal temperature gradient of the sample to be tested is simulated by arranging multiple horizontal temperature-measuring points, the heat transferring characteristic of the sample to be tested is objectively reflected by multi-point temperature testing, and the more objective value of the heat-conductivity coefficient is obtained by means of data processing. Simultaneously, high-heat-conductivity flexible thin pieces are arranged between the sample to be tested and the pressing heads, so that the thermal contact resistance is reduced and the accuracy of the tested value is improved. In addition, a limiting ring is arranged between the pressing heads, so that the operability and the accuracy of the test in testing the flexible sample are guaranteed. The accuracy and the objectivity of the test for the heat-conductivity coefficient are greatly improved.
Owner:EVE RUBBER RES INST +1

Composite graphene infrared radiation and heat conduction film and manufacturing method thereof

The invention discloses a composite graphene infrared radiation and heat conduction film and a manufacturing method of the composite graphene infrared radiation and heat conduction film, and is characterized in that a substrate is provided with a composite graphene infrared radiation coating layer. According to the manufacturing method of the composite graphene infrared radiation and heat conduction film disclosed by the invention, a thin film manufactured by utilizing good infrared radiation capacity and good heat conduction capacity of a composite graphene infrared radiation material has the good heat conduction capacity in both directions which are parallel to and vertical to the substrate, so that heat can be rapidly transferred from a heating part to a heat sink device or an environment, the heat conduction efficiency is increased, local hot points in a device are removed, and temperature gradient in a heat conduction path is reduced; the composite graphene infrared radiation and heat conduction film disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the manufacturing is simple and convenient, and a powerful support is provided for high integration of electronic devices and rapid heat conduction of heating devices.
Owner:宿州晶禾科技有限公司

Therapeutic methods using electromagnetic radiation

This invention provides methods for treating a variety of disorders using localized electromagnetic radiation directed at excitable tissues, including nerves, muscles and blood vessels. By controlling the wavelength, the wavelength bandpass, pulse duration, intensity, pulse frequency, and / or variations of those characteristics over time, and by selecting sites of exposure to electromagnetic radiation, improvements in the function of different tissues and organs can be provided. By monitoring physiological variables such as muscle tone and activity, temperature gradients, surface electromyography, blood flow and others, the practitioner can optimize a therapeutic regimen suited for the individual patient.
Owner:PHOTOMED TECH
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