The invention relates to a highly effective dust removal coke quenching machine, which includes a coke quenching injection pipe, a washing and cooling device, and a dust removal device. The dust removal device, which is disposed single-stage or two-stage, includes a structural framework, a dust removal plate, a dust removal pipe and nozzles, wherein the dust removal plate, which is constituted of a heterotypic baffle sheet folded with a certain angle and a dust removal plate support, is disposed on the structural framework and forms angle of 45-60 DEG with horizontal plane; the dust removal pipe is equably equipped with a plurality of nozzles and is arranged parallel with the dust removal plate. Dust content of stream generated at coke quenching process is greatly reduced by water fog washing, cooling, gravitational settling and purifying of baffle plate type dust removal device, amount of coking powder discharged into air of per ton coke is lower than 50g. Moreover, the baffle plate employs industrial plastic, thereby possessing advantages of corrosion resistance, high strength, aging resistance, good dust removal effect, convenient installation and maintance, and easy cleaning.