1366results about "Gas purification by non-gaseous materials condensation" patented technology

A biomass fast pyrolysis system for conversion of biomass vegetation to synthetic gas and liquid fuels includes: a) a non-circulating riser reactor for pyrolysis of biomass vegetation feedstock utilizing a heat carrier, the non-circulating riser reactor being physically structured and adapted to have a rate of reaction of at least 8,000 biomass vegetation feedstock lbs / hr / ft2, utilizing a ratio of heat carrier to biomass vegetation feedstock of about 7:1 to about 11.5:1, the riser reactor having a base input region at its bottom, a central reaction region and an output region at its top, the riser reactor including a cyclone disengager at its output region for separation of pyrolysis resulting char and heat carrier from the pyrolysis product gases, the cyclone disengager having an output downcomer and an output upcomer, the cyclone disengager output downcomer being connected to and feeding into a side combustor unit, the riser reactor being a non-circulating riser reactor in that the heat carrier is not returned directly to the riser reactor from the cyclone disengager and travels first down the cyclone disengager output downcomer to the side combustor unit; and, b) the side combustor unit for combusting pyrolysis resultant char and reheating the heat carrier the side combustor having a heat carrier downcomer connected to the base input region of the riser reactor.

A pneumatic nebulizer that produces a high volume of aerosols for inhalent delivery of medications and other constituencies. High pressure gas formed into a gas jet is passed through a thin choked region of fluid that is entrailed and impinged upon an aerosol amplifier which creates a spray whose aerosol components are directed up through vents to an aerosol outlet for delivery. Larger-sized liquid particles are caused to pool up in a region surrounding the aerosol amplifer and then drip down back into the liquid medication reservoir.

A rapid thermal conversion process for efficiently converting wood, other biomass materials, and other carbonaceous feedstock (including hydrocarbons) into high yields of valuable liquid product, e.g., bio-oil, on a large scale production. Biomass material, e.g., wood, is feed to a conversion system where the biomass material is mixed with an upward stream of hot heat carriers, e.g., sand, that thermally convert the biomass into a hot vapor stream. The hot vapor stream is rapidly quenched with quench media in one or more condensing chambers located downstream of the conversion system. The rapid quenching condenses the vapor stream into liquid product, which is collected from the condensing chambers as a valuable liquid product. The liquid product may itself be used as the quench media.

A facility comprising integrated systems for the extraction, and optionally upgrading and / or refinement, of unconventional oil sources, using fossil fuels as a primary source of energy. In particular, this facility provides a means to gasify one or more fossil fuels in an efficient manner, converting it into intermediate products such as heat, steam and electricity, which are then used by the system to obtain useful fuel products from unconventional oil sources such as tar sands and oil shale. The design of the components of this facility is optimized such that the overall costs are competitive with an equivalent unconventional oil source processing facility that uses natural gas as a source of processing energy. The facility can be used on its own, may use supplemental natural gas energy sources, or may be used in conjunction with an existing facility that uses natural gas as an energy source in order to improve the overall cost effectiveness of the processing and / or reduce the requirement for other energy sources, such as natural gas.

The present invention relates to processes for preparing gaseous products, and in particular methane, via the catalytic hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock in the presence of steam, syngas and an oxygen-rich gas stream.

The present disclosure relates to a power production system that is adapted to achieve high efficiency power production with complete carbon capture when using a solid or liquid hydrocarbon or carbonaceous fuel. More particularly, the solid or liquid fuel first is partially oxidized in a partial oxidation reactor. The resulting partially oxidized stream that comprises a fuel gas is quenched, filtered, cooled, and then directed to a combustor of a power production system as the combustion fuel. The partially oxidized stream is combined with a compressed recycle CO2 stream and oxygen. The combustion stream is expanded across a turbine to produce power and passed through a recuperator heat exchanger. The expanded and cooled exhaust stream is scrubbed to provide the recycle CO2 stream, which is compressed and passed through the recuperator heat exchanger and the POX heat exchanger in a manner useful to provide increased efficiency to the combined systems.

The present invent provides improved rapid thermal conversion processes for efficiently converting wood, other biomass materials, and other carbonaceous feedstock (including hydrocarbons) into high yields of valuable liquid product, e.g., bio-oil, on a large scale production. In an embodiment, biomass material, e.g., wood, is feed to a conversion system where the biomass material is mixed with an upward stream of hot heat carriers, e.g., sand, that thermally convert the biomass into a hot vapor stream. The hot vapor stream is rapidly quenched with quench media in one or more condensing chambers located downstream of the conversion system. The rapid quenching condenses the vapor stream into liquid product, which is collected from the condensing chambers as a valuable liquid product. In one embodiment, the liquid product itself is used as the quench media.

The invention discloses a coking furnace capable of recycling heat energy, and the coking furnace comprises a furnace body, an exhaust gas recycling system and a raw coal gas treatment system, wherein the furnace body sequentially comprises a coal feeding segment, a rapid coal heating segment, a raw coal gas leading-out segment, a coal carbonization coking segment, a coke quenching and tempering segment, a dry coke quenching segment and a coke discharging segment from top to bottom; the exhaust gas recycling system comprises an exhaust gas leading-out unit, an exhaust gas heat exchanger, a commutator and the like; and the raw coal gas treatment system comprises a raw coal gas leading-out unit. By using the coking furnace disclosed by the invention, continuous coal carbonization coking canbe achieved and the exhaust gas after combustion is used for dry coke quenching in the furnace; pre-dried coal can be quickly heated to 300 DEG C during entering the furnace, the coal is carbonized and coked in the furnace body, and the exhaust gas generated by self-combustion is used for dry coke quenching at the furnace bottom after the exhaust gas is cooled by heat exchange with air, thus continuously producing coke; the pollution is less in the production process; the coal industrial chain is extended, the coking cost is lowered, the coking coal types are broadened, and the product quality is improved; the profit margins are expanded in a large extent; and the maintenance cost is low.

A cleaning apparatus includes a nozzle having an ejection port, a cleaning liquid path communicating with the ejection port, and a compressed gas path communicating with the ejection port. The cleaning apparatus further includes a cleaning liquid feeding component for feeding a cleaning liquid to the cleaning liquid path, and a compressed gas feeding component for feeding a compressed gas to the compressed gas path. The compressed gas is ejected from the ejection port through the compressed gas path, while the cleaning liquid is ejected from the ejection port through the cleaning liquid path.

A modular automatic traveling apparatus includes a seat and an external coupling device mounted onto the seat. The seat includes a moving device to allow the seat to move automatically and an assembling passage which has two ends formed respectively an inlet and a holding orifice. The holding orifice has a detent portion on the perimeter thereof. The external coupling device has an installation portion which is inserted into the assembling passage through the inlet and latched on the detent portion and anchored on the holding orifice, thus is movable automatically with the seat. Users can change the external coupling devices with varying functions such as a vacuum cleaner, odorator and the like to automatically perform different types of tasks through the automatic movement of the seat.

The present disclosure relates to a power production system that is adapted to achieve high efficiency power production with complete carbon capture when using a solid or liquid hydrocarbon or carbonaceous fuel. More particularly, the solid or liquid fuel first is partially oxidized in a partial oxidation reactor. The resulting partially oxidized stream that comprises a fuel gas is quenched, filtered, cooled, and then directed to a combustor of a power production system as the combustion fuel. The partially oxidized stream is combined with a compressed recycle CO2 stream and oxygen. The combustion stream is expanded across a turbine to produce power and passed through a recuperator heat exchanger. The expanded and cooled exhaust stream is scrubbed to provide the recycle CO2 stream, which is compressed and passed through the recuperator heat exchanger and the POX heat exchanger in a manner useful to provide increased efficiency to the combined systems.

A radiant syngas cooler used to contain and cool the synthesis gas produced by coal gasification processes employs radiant and convection surfaces in a specific arrangement to achieve a cost-effective, compact design.

The invention discloses a full-temperature-range pressure swing adsorption gas separation, refinement and purification method.By means of the difference of the temperatures and pressures of different raw material gases and the difference of the adsorption separation coefficients and physical chemistry properties of all components in the raw material gases in the temperature range of 80-200 DEG C and the pressure range of 0.03-4.0 MPa, the adsorption or desorption regeneration operation of the pressure swing adsorption circulation process is adjusted by coupling all separation methods, the adsorption theory that the pressure or temperature swing adsorption separation process is only limited to the adsorption and desorption regeneration circulation operation through pressure or temperature changes is expanded, and therefore all raw material gases are separated, refined and purified by achieving the energy gradient utilization in the gas separation, refinement and purification process and achieving the circulation operation, where adsorption, desorption and regeneration are easily matched and balanced, in the moderate to low cold and moderate to high temperature pressure swing adsorption separation process, and it is changed that a traditional adsorption method is only limited to the auxiliary effect of refinement and purification, and adsorption becomes the basic separation unit operation just as important as refinement, absorption and extraction separation.

A high performance liquid chromatography system employs a nebulizer with a flow restriction at the exit of its mixing chamber to produce finer droplets, and an adjustable impactor for increased control over droplet sizes. Downstream of the mixing chamber, the nebulizer can incorporate tubing that is permeable to the sample liquid, to promote aerosol drying through perevaporation. A condensation particle counter downstream of the nebulizer uses water as the working medium, and is adjustable to control threshold nucleation sizes and droplet growth rates. A particle size selector employing diffusion, electrostatic attraction or selection based on electrical mobility, is advantageously positioned between the nebulizer and the CPC.

A gaseous carburetor or fuel control system includes a fuel metering assembly, a venturi mixer assembly, a throttle assembly, and an electronic control unit. The control unit controls the fuel metering assembly in a closed loop manner based on detected gas and air pressure to an air / fuel mixing venturi. An electronic governor which controls the throttle valve may also be controlled by the same control unit which controls the fuel metering assembly, using a separate control loop.

A method of continuously capturing BioOil and its constituents from a gas stream produced in a fast pyrolysis / thermolysis process, in a usable liquid form so as to produce a non-condensable gas free of fouling contaminates. The method includes separating BioOil and its constituents from a gas stream using hot inertial separation to maintain the temperature of said BioOil and its constituents above a temperature at which the thick and / or sticky constituents cause inefficient operation of the equipment but low enough so that they do not undergo rapid degradation. Next the gas velocity is reduced to a temperature sufficiently low to allow droplets in the gas stream to settle out but high enough so that a viscosity of said droplets remains low enough to avoid inefficient operation of the separation equipment. Finally, liquid is condensed out of the gas stream.

An ultrasonic humidifier is disclosed including a chamber, an ultrasonic transducer positioned at the bottom of the chamber, a passage in fluid communication with the chamber, a duct having an inlet and an outlet, the duct being in fluid communication with the passage by way of a passage outlet, a fan positioned in the duct and disposed between the duct inlet and the passage outlet. The fan is configured to propel air through the duct and over the passage outlet such that vapors in the chamber may be drawn into the duct.

A process is provided for producing syngas that is effective for use in downstream processes. The process for producing syngas includes operating a gasification apparatus in a start-up mode until the gasification apparatus and equipment downstream of the gasification apparatus are adequately warmed up to a first target temperature. Upon reaching a first target temperature, the process is then operated in a production mode to produce a second syngas with a higher CO / CO2 molar ratio. Operation in a start-up mode until reaching a first target temperature, provides a process that is effective for reducing fouling in downstream equipment and for providing a second syngas can be more effectively cooled and cleaned.

A gaseous carburetor or fuel control system includes a fuel metering assembly, a venturi mixer assembly, a throttle assembly, and an electronic control unit. The control unit controls the fuel metering assembly in a closed loop manner based on detected gas and air pressure to an air / fuel mixing venturi. An electronic governor which controls the throttle valve may also be controlled by the same control unit which controls the fuel metering assembly, using a separate control loop.

A process for pyrolyzing biomass is provided. The process comprises providing biomass to a pyrolysis reactor to produce a vapor product and condensing said vapor product to produce a condensed product, wherein a phase separation suppression agent is added during said process so as to promote the formation of a single phase condensed product.

Disclosed is a process for humidifying syngas to achieve a water to carbon monoxide molar ratio in the product syngas within a desired range and in which the molar ratio which can be varied over time in response to changes in downstream syngas requirements. The raw syngas is produced by reacting a carbonaceous material with oxygen, water, or carbon dioxide and can be combined with a diluent to produce a diluted syngas stream which can be cooled and contacted with liquid water to give a humidified syngas. The H2O:CO molar ratio of the humidified syngas may be adjusted in response to time-varying downstream syngas requirements by changing the amount and / or temperature of the diluent that is combined with the raw syngas stream, by adjusting quench and heat exchange conditions, or a combination thereof. The application of the process to the coproduction of chemicals and power are also disclosed.

A radiant syngas cooler used to contain and cool the synthesis gas produced by coal gasification processes employs radiant and convection surfaces in a specific arrangement to achieve a cost-effective, compact design.

The invention relates to an integrated utilizing technology for agricultural waste and in particular relates to an integrated converting and utilizing co-production method for agricultural waste. The integrated converting and utilizing co-production method comprises the following steps: 1. collecting and processing raw materials; 2. carrying out pyrolysis on the raw materials: generating biochar and high-temperature mixed gas; 3. converting the high-temperature mixed gas: converting the high-temperature mixed gas into wood tar, wood vinegar and fuel gas; 4. manufacturing fertilizers; 5. refining fuel oil: converting the wood tar into biofuel oil and wood pitch; 6. purifying the fuel gas: purifying the fuel gas into clean fuel gas; and 7. converting the fuel gas: respectively sending the biofuel gas into a gas generator, a gas supply pipe network and a heat boiler to covert the biofuel gas into heat energy and electricity energy. The agricultural waste can be converted by multiple levels and are combined to be utilized to obtain straw carbon, fuel gas, heat energy, electricity energy, fertilizers, fuel gas and the like. The use ratio of the agricultural waste reaches 100%. The problem that the agricultural waste is stacked and burnt disorderly can be solved, the pollution problem caused by using chemical fertilizers and pesticides for a long time can be solved, and the problem of utilizing energy, fertilizer and oil in rural areas also can be solved.

A method for operating a syngas cooler is provided. The method includes channeling a flow of syngas into an annular cooling chamber having a longitudinal axis, injecting a cooling fluid into a manifold such that the cooling fluid is channeled substantially circumferentially about the annular cooling chamber, and discharging the cooling fluid from the manifold such that the cooling fluid contacts a surface of the cooling chamber at a predetermined angle relative to the axis of the cooling chamber.

The invention relates to methods for creating high value liquid fuels such as gasoline, diesel, jet and alcohols using carbon dioxide and water as the starting raw materials and a system for using the same. These methods combine a novel solid oxide electrolytic cell (SOEC) for the efficient and clean conversion of carbon dioxide and water to hydrogen and carbon monoxide, uniquely integrated with a gas-to-liquid fuels producing method.

Humidifying apparatus includes a chamber, and a water tank for supplying water to the chamber. A baffle located within the chamber divides the chamber into an inlet section and an outlet section, and guides water received from the water tank along the inlet section to the outlet section. An air flow is conveyed over water stored in the outlet section of the chamber and is emitted from the apparatus. Water within both the inlet section and the outlet section of the chamber is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation. The water within the outlet section is atomized by a transducer to humidify the air flow.

The invention provides a green circular economy technology with coal coking as the main part. The technical scheme of the technology is as follows: a coal coking part, a coal tar processing part, a carbon black part and a part of combined power and thermoelectricity generation by coke oven gas are organically combined to form the relationship of industrial metabolism, symbiosis and coupling; suchmeasures as differentially utilizing tail gas of carbon black, recovering energy of coke drying quenching, reducing, recycling and changing the three wastes into resources, etc., enable resources to be saved, production cost to be reduced and pollution to be lessened; therefore, economic benefits of coal coking enterprises are maximized and the green circular economy technology is realized indeed. The invention also provides an apparatus for realizing the green circular economy technology with coal coking as the main part.

Low water-containing biomass-derived pyrolysis oils and processes for producing them are provided. The process includes condensing pyrolysis gases including condensable pyrolysis gases and non-condensable gases to separate the condensable pyrolysis gases from the non-condensable gases, the non-condensable gases having a water content, drying the non-condensable pyrolysis gases to reduce the water content of the-non-condensable gases to form reduced-water non-condensable pyrolysis gases, and providing the reduced-water non-condensable pyrolysis gases to a pyrolysis reactor for forming the biomass-derived pyrolysis oil.

The invention discloses a co-production system and a co-production method for biomass carbon, gas, wood tar and wood vinegar. The co-production system comprises a biomass dry distillation kettle, a high-temperature heating furnace, a water cooling device, a washing device, a liquid separation device, a gas storage tank, a water-ring vacuum pump, a compressor, wood tar storage tank and a wood vinegar storage tank, wherein the liquid separation device separates wood vinegar and wood tar in the mixed liquid obtained by gas-liquid separation of the water cooling device; the co-production method comprises the following steps: 1, charging; 2, high-temperature carbonization: water cooling and gas-liquid separation, washing, gas storage and separation and storage of liquid matters; and 3, obtaining of the biomass carbon after the high-temperature carbonization. The co-production system for the biomass carbon, gas, wood tar and wood vinegar has the advantages of reasonable design, convenient processing, simple mounting arrangement, easy operation and good effect; and the co-production method has the advantages of convenient realization, high yield, low cost, fast co-production and relatively high production purity and has obvious economic and social benefits and wide popularization and application prospect.

Low water-containing biomass-derived pyrolysis oils and processes for producing them are provided. The process includes condensing pyrolysis gases including condensable pyrolysis gases and non-condensable gases to separate the condensable pyrolysis gases from the non-condensable gases, the non-condensable gases having a water content, drying the non-condensable pyrolysis gases to reduce the water content of the-non-condensable gases to form reduced-water non-condensable pyrolysis gases, and providing the reduced-water non-condensable pyrolysis gases to a pyrolysis reactor for forming the biomass-derived pyrolysis oil.