434 results about "Unconventional oil" patented technology

A facility comprising integrated systems for the extraction, and optionally upgrading and / or refinement, of unconventional oil sources, using fossil fuels as a primary source of energy. In particular, this facility provides a means to gasify one or more fossil fuels in an efficient manner, converting it into intermediate products such as heat, steam and electricity, which are then used by the system to obtain useful fuel products from unconventional oil sources such as tar sands and oil shale. The design of the components of this facility is optimized such that the overall costs are competitive with an equivalent unconventional oil source processing facility that uses natural gas as a source of processing energy. The facility can be used on its own, may use supplemental natural gas energy sources, or may be used in conjunction with an existing facility that uses natural gas as an energy source in order to improve the overall cost effectiveness of the processing and / or reduce the requirement for other energy sources, such as natural gas.

The invention provides an unconventional oil and gas reservoir horizontal well section full-fracture-length fracturing parameter analog method and device. The method includes the steps of determining an unconventional oil and gas reservoir horizontal well section object region; obtaining three-dimensional earthquake prestack gathered data in the object region, conducting elastic parametric inversion and obtaining a three-dimensional space elastic parameter data body, wherein the three-dimensional space elastic parameter data body comprises a rock mass poisson ratio and Young modulus; calculating a rock mass brittleness index according to the rock mass poisson ratio and the Young modulus; establishing a rock mass mechanical parameter model based on three-dimensional grid nodes according to the three-dimensional space elastic parameter data body and the rock mass brittleness index; calculating stress information on the three-dimensional grid nodes, and generating a three-dimensional stress field distribution model; conducting full- fracture-length three-dimensional numerical simulation of fractures in the fracturing process according to the rock mass mechanical parameter model and the three-dimensional stress field distribution model. The unconventional oil and gas reservoir horizontal well section full-length-fracture fracturing parameter analog method and device can improve effectiveness and accuracy of unconventional oil and gas reservoir horizontal well section full-fracture-length fracturing parameter analog, and improve the reserve utilization degree of a reservoir stratum.

The invention relates to a coiled tubing supercritical CO2 jet fracturing method. The method is used for performing jet fracturing on oil well reservoirs by taking supercritical CO2 as fracturing fluid. By the method, a supercritical CO2 fluid is used as the fracturing fluid to perform the jet fracturing; a supercritical CO2 sand jet perforating hole can reduce system pressure; the pressure needed by fissure extension can be further reduced by the characteristics of low viscosity and high dispersion performance of the supercritical CO2 fluid; most importantly, the supercritical CO2 jet fracturing does not pollute the reservoirs, but the supercritical CO2 can further improve the oil and gas recovery ratio after entering the reservoirs; the return discharge is not needed after the fracturing is completed; when the stage-by-stage jet fracturing is performed by using the coiled tubing, a tube pillar can be lifted or put down without mineshaft pressure relieving, the operation process is reduced and the operation cost is reduced, so that the method is extremely suitable for fracturing modification of unconventional oil-gas reservoirs such as thick oil reservoirs, low permeability and super-low permeability oil-gas reservoirs, shale gas reservoirs, coal bed methane reservoirs and the like of which the effects are low by using the conventional water-based fracturing fluid.

The invention discloses a simulating method of the forming process of an unconventional oil and gas reservoir hydraulic fracturing complex fracture net. The method includes the steps of a, reestablishing natural fracture distribution, estimating the properties of natural fractures, obtaining rock mechanical information and stratum stress information of a stratum from log data or a geological model, and obtaining a data file related to the well factory construction process; b, inputting the obtained parameters in an established natural fractured reservoir fracturing model coupling a well cylinder, fractures and the stratum; c, conducting numerical value solving on the model to obtain after-fracturing information such as fracture forms, opening degree distribution and pressure intensity distribution; d, analyzing the fracturing effect through a model calculating result, and making a preparation for numerical value simulation of the later-period production process. The fractured reservoirfracturing numerical value simulating method coupling the well cylinder flowing, the fracture deformation expanding, the multi-state natural fractures and the flowing of fluid in the fractures can quantitatively analyze the form of the unconventional reservoir segmented volume fracture net and is an effectively means for evaluating and optimizing the fracturing scheme.

A method is disclosed for the temporary or permanent storage of nuclear waste materials comprising the placing of waste materials into one or more repositories or boreholes constructed into an unconventional oil formation. The thermal flux of the waste materials fracture the formation, alters the chemical and / or physical properties of hydrocarbon material within the subterranean formation to allow removal of the altered material. A mixture of hydrocarbons, hydrogen, and / or other formation fluids are produced from the formation. The radioactivity of high-level radioactive waste affords proliferation resistance to plutonium placed in the periphery of the repository or the deepest portion of a borehole.

The invention provides a complicated rock core preparation method based on CT scanning and 3D printing. Based on a combined technology of CT scanning and 3D printing, the reappearance of an underground rock pore structure characteristic is realized, and the visualization of oil-gas-water distribution inside a rock core can be achieved. Through a 3D printing technology, the visualization and actualization of the digital rock core and a network model can be achieved, and the underground core pore structure can reappear in a real object form. More importantly, with the continuous input and development of unconventional oil-gas fields such as carbonate rocks, shale oil and gas and compact oil and gas, the complicated rock core preparation method has the advantage that by using the combined technology of CT scanning and 3D printing, a new thought and method is provided for representation and preparation of special rock cores.

The present invention provides a method and a device which are used for the direct coking of oil sand on a fluidized bed. The method is as follows: after being mixed with and exchanging heat with the high-temperature sand from a dense-phase coking-burning reactor, the oil sand material in a coking reactor undergoes coking reaction; the dedusted oil gas enters into a fractionation and absorption stabilization system; after being stripped by a stripper, tar sand is led into a dilute-phase coking-burning riser to be burnt in the dilute-phase coking-burning riser and the dense-phase coking-burning reactor above the dilute-phase coking-burning riser; and one flow of the burnt hot sand serving as a heat carrier is led into the coking reactor, and the other flow is led into an external heat collector for heat exchange. If the coke yield is low and the coke-burning heat is insufficient, burning oil, coal dust or coke powder can be added into the coking-burning riser in order to maintain the heat balance of the system. The device at least comprises a material feeder, the coking reactor, the stripper, the dilute-phase coking-burning riser, the dense-phase coking-burning reactor, the external heat collector and a cyclone separator. The device, which is characterized by strong continuous operability and high flexibility, can directly process unconventional petroleum resources such as oil sand and oil shales and does not pollute the environment, and the comprehensive energy utilization rate of the system is high.

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil gas and coal-bed gas seismic exploration and development, and in particular relates to a reservoir sedimentary evolution analysis method in the exploration and development process. The method is used for providing reliable basic data for optimizing favorable target bed series and zone for oil gas and coal-bed gas exploration and development. In the method, sedimentary characteristics of reservoirs are analyzed by a three-dimensional seismic attribute data body, and high-resolution sequence stratigraphic principle and method, a seismic attribute analysis method and a pattern recognition method are applied; and a K-mean clustering algorithm is adopted, and the analysis process of sedimentary characteristics and sedimentary evolution of a sedimentary formation unit is performed under the control of a sedimentary isochronous interface. The method is used for assisting in reservoir sedimentary evolution research work in the exploration and development process of oil gas including unconventional oil gas, guiding the description of sedimentary characteristics of fine reservoirs of lithologic and stratigraphic trapped oil gas reservoirs, and providing the reliable basic data for optimizing the favorable target bed series and zone for the oil gas and coal-bed gas exploration and development.

A lubricating oil comprising: a) at least 5 wt % of lubricating base oil, made from a waxy feed, having >10 wt % molecules with cycloparaffinic functionality, a ratio of molecules with monocycloparaffinic functionality to molecules with multicycloparaffinic functionality >20, and b) a DI additive package; wherein the lubricating oil contains <0.2 wt % VI improver and wherein the lubricating oil has a low sulfated ash and a low CCS viscosity at −20° C. A lubricating oil with a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. between 12.5 and 16.3 cSt with a low CCS viscosity comprising: a) a lubricating base oil, made with a waxy feed, having a viscosity index >150, b) up to 75 wt % unconventional petroleum derived bright stock, c) a lower ash DI additive package, and d) <0.2 wt % viscosity index improver. A process to make lubricating oil with a low sulfated ash and low CCS viscosity.

The invention discloses an experimental method for evaluating the oiliness of unconventionally-compacted shale reservoir stratums. According to the method, a closed coring saturation degree and fluorescent lamina technology can be used for effectively evaluating the oiliness of silty mudstones and siltstones; rock pyrolysis, laser co-focusing, a scanning electron microscope and an energy spectrum can be used for effectively evaluating the oiliness of the mudstones and the siltstones; technical indexes are matched with comprehensive application, mutual verification and mutual supplementation to effectively evaluate the microcosmic oiliness of the compacted and shale reservoir stratums. According to the experimental method, the method verification is carried out by taking a Qp1 well of an unconventional oil and gas exploratory well in the Daqing exploratory area as an example to, and new awareness can be obtained. The experimental method for evaluating the oiliness of the unconventionally-compacted shale reservoir stratums provides an experimental technology support to the seven-property evaluation of the oiliness of the unconventionally-compacted shale reservoir stratums and the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas.

The invention discloses a detection method and a device for effective fractured intervals in an unconventional shale oil and gas reservoir. The method includes: collecting logging information and core sample information of intervals of interest; calculating volume contents of all minerals in rock generating the intervals of interest according to the collecting logging information and the core sample information; calculating the poisson ratio of all mineral constituents in the rock generating the intervals of interest according to the core sample information and rock space volume average elastic parameter models; calculating the fragility index of the rock generating the intervals of interest according to the volume contents of all the minerals and the poisson ratio of all the mineral constituents in the rock generating the intervals of interest; and selecting the intervals of interest with the high rock fragility index in the shale as the effective fractured intervals in the unconventional shale oil and gas reservoir. By means of the detection method and the device for the effective fractured intervals in the unconventional shale oil and gas reservoir, the actual production requirement for selecting the effective fractured intervals in exploration and development of the unconventional shale oil and gas reservoir can be met.

The present invention aims at recovering unconventional oil in an environmentally friendly and sustainable way that has the potential of eliminating the need of natural gas currently employed for steam production and power generation. Our invention aims at providing low temperature steam for the stimulation of the formation by means of solar radiation. In addition we propose a novel solution for hydrogen production that does not employ reforming of natural gas. We also illustrate how the use of thermoelectric devices in combination with low temperature steam can be employed to power an electrolysis plant to generate the hydrogen necessary to produce synthetic oil.

The invention relates to a device and a method for simultaneously testing the permeability of compact rocks under transient state and steady state, and belongs to the fields of rock engineering and unconventional oil and gas reservoir engineering. The testing device for simultaneously testing the permeability of the compact rocks under the transient state and the steady state comprises a three-shaft pressure chamber, a bias pressure control system, a confining pressure control system, an upper end permeating system, a lower end permeating system, a vacuum pumping system, a constant temperature system and a data controlling and collecting system. The method for simultaneously testing the permeability of the compact rocks under the transient state and the steady state comprises the following steps: demarcating the reference volume, providing the confining pressure and bias pressure temperature environment for a sample, and testing the permeability under the transient state and the permeability under the steady state. For the device and the method, the practical bias pressure, back pressure and constant temperature testing environment conforming to the engineering is provided, the fluctuation error of the temperature can be controlled within -0.1 DEG C to +0.1 DEG C, the volume error of the gas can be controlled within 0.3%, and the error of the injected pressure can be controlled within 0.5%. The test of the permeability under the transient state in constant pressure and constant volume ways can be simultaneously realized; when the permeability is tested in the constant volume way, the volume of a reference container can be adjusted according to the volume of a pore.

The invention provides an unconventional oil and gas reservoir horizontal well section three-dimensional rock mass mechanical modeling method and device. The method includes the steps of determining an unconventional oil and gas reservoir horizontal well section object region; obtaining three-dimensional earthquake prestack gathered data in the object region; conducting elastic parametric inversion by adopting the three-dimensional earthquake prestack gathered data and obtaining a three-dimensional space elastic parameter data body in the object region, wherein the three-dimensional space elastic parameter data body comprises a rock mass poisson ratio and Young modulus; calculating a rock mass brittleness index according to the rock mass poisson ratio and the Young modulus; establishing a rock mass mechanical parameter model based on three-dimensional grid nodes according to the three-dimensional space elastic parameter data body and the rock mass brittleness index. The unconventional oil and gas reservoir horizontal well section three-dimensional rock mass mechanical modeling method and device can simply, effectively and accurately obtain an unconventional oil and gas reservoir rock mass mechanical model.

The invention provides a reservoir modifying method through forming a crack network by temporary plugging turning in cracks. The method comprises the following steps: injecting a temporary plugging turning material liquid into a reservoir man-made crack and forming a bridge plug in the deep part of the crack, forcing the crack to turn and form a plurality of cracks, using an active fluid or an acid fluid to activate reservoir micro-cracks, and forming the crack network. The method can form the man-made crack network in unconventional oil-gas reservoirs such as low-permeability, ultra low permeability oil-gas reservoirs, tight oil reservoirs and shale oil-gas reservoirs, so as to increase the contact area to the reservoirs and greatly shorten the seepage distance and the seepage resistance of the oil and gas in the reservoirs towards the cracks in the arbitrary directions, and furthermore the single well yield and the final recovery efficiency are increased.

Equipment and a process for separating bitumen from oil sand in a process stream are disclosed. The equipment includes several processing vessels and one or more local area radio frequency applicators to selectively heat the process stream in local areas of the equipment. The local area can be adjacent to an input or output of a component of the equipment. Also disclosed is equipment for processing an oil sand—water slurry, including a slurrying vessel, a slurry pipe, and a local area radio frequency applicator. The local area radio frequency applicator is located outside of the slurry pipe, and heats the local area without significantly heating the contents of the slurrying vessel or of the downstream portion of the slurry pipe.

The invention relates to the technical field of unconventional oil and gas reservoir damage evaluation, and discloses a device and a method for evaluating the damage degree of a working solution to a tight reservoir. The device comprises an upstream standard chamber, a downstream standard chamber, a core holding unit, a confining pressure pump, a needle valve, a vacuum pump, a constant-flux pump, a working solution intermediate container, a formation water intermediate container, a differential pressure gauge, a confining pressure gauge and the like. Evaluation on the damage degree of liquid permeability after a core of the tight reservoir is polluted by the working solution is realized via a differential pressure time variation parameter in a liquid pressure pulse attenuation process by an unsteady-state liquid pulse method; the experimental process efficiency is high; concerned experimental parameters are few; the current low-efficiency method for testing a damage rate of the liquid permeability by a steady-state method can be replaced; effective development of an unconventional oil and gas reservoir is facilitated; and the device and the method have certain popularization prospects.

The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment and in particular relates to an oil and gas field fracturing flow-back fluid centralized treatment process. The oil and gas field fracturing flow-back fluid centralized treatment process comprises the following steps: 1, collecting fracturing flow-back fluid into an adjusting tank, carrying out homogenizing and quantity equalizing treatment on the fracturing flow-back fluid, and enabling the fracturing flow-back fluid to enter a sand settling and oil removal tank to be subjected to sand settling and oil removal; 2, lifting effluent of the adjusting tank into a coagulation / air floatation tank, adding a flocculating agent, and removing floating oil and suspended matters through flocculation and air floatation; 3, enabling effluent of the air floatation tank to enter a primary oxidation unit, adding sodium hypochlorite, and primarily oxidizing and decomposing macromolecular organic compounds; 4, enabling effluent of a primary oxidation tank to enter a Fenton oxidation tower, and deeply oxidizing and decomposing by adopting a Fenton oxidizing agent; 5, enabling effluent of the Fenton oxidation tower to enter a sedimentation tank; and 6, enabling effluent of the sedimentation tank to enter an activated coke filtration and adsorption tank to be subjected to filtration and adsorption treatment, various indexes of effluent of the activated coke filtration and adsorption tank can reach the standard, and the effluent of the activated coke filtration and adsorption tank can be discharged or recycled. The oil and gas field fracturing flow-back fluid centralized treatment process is applicable to treatment of fracturing flow-back fluid in unconventional oil and gas field fracturing mining of petroleum, natural gas, shale gas and coal bed gas.

The invention discloses a continuous oil pipe sectional sand-blasting perforation casing fracturing pipe column and a casing fracturing method, which are suitable for application in vertical wells and horizontal wells in the petroleum industry, in particular for sectional fracturing of unconventional oil-gas reservoir horizontal wells such as tight sandstone wells. The fracturing pipe column comprises a safety joint, a centralizer, a hydraulic jet tool and a reverse circulation valve, which are connected to a continuous oil pipe in sequence, wherein a mechanical continuous oil pipe fracturing packer is connected below the reverse circulation valve. The sectional casing fracturing method is used for placing the fracturing pipe column provided with the mechanical continuous oil pipe fracturing packer into a casing in a well through the continuous oil pipe; and by the method, a fracturing well section closest to the bottom of the well is fractured at first, and then the fracturing well section is packed by using the mechanical continuous oil pipe fracturing packer. By the continuous oil pipe sectional sand-blasting perforation casing fracturing pipe column and the casing fracturing method, a sand stopper is not needed as an isolation section, so that the sand stopper is not needed to be subjected to back flushing, the production cost is reduced, and multi-layer section fracturing operation for a short horizontal well section or straight well section can be realized.

The invention discloses a radial horizontal drilling system using supercritical carbon dioxide and a drilling method thereof. The drilling system comprises a liquid carbon dioxide supplying device, a drilling device, an in-well pressure control device, a solid, liquid and gas three-phase separating device and a carbon dioxide recycling device, wherein the drilling device is arranged in a shaft, and includes an oil pipe, a steering gear mounted at the bottom of the oil pipe, and a flexible drill stem sleeved in the oil pipe; the flexible drill stem passes through the steering gear and then realizes steering; the flexible drill stem has a hollow drill stem channel; a supercritical carbon dioxide jet drill is mounted at the end of the part, in a horizontal direction, of the flexible drill stem; a nozzle, which is communicated with the drill stem channel, is formed on the jet drill; the in-well pressure control device is disposed at the opening of a well; the solid, liquid and gas three-phase separating device and the carbon dioxide recycling device are disposed on the ground. The radial horizontal drilling system disclosed by the invention uses supercritical carbon dioxide fluid as rock breaking fluid, thus avoiding pollution to oil reservoir layers, effectively protecting the oil reservoir layers, greatly increasing rock breaking efficiency, and realizing cyclic utilization of the carbon dioxide; and the radial horizontal drilling system using supercritical carbon dioxide and the drilling method thereof have important application value to increase of production of old wells and to development of unconventional oil-gas reservoir.

The invention relates to a calculating method for SAGD (Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage) double-horizontal well drilling electromagnetic distance measurement guide, which mainly comprises the steps of acquired data processing, calculation of rotating magnetic short section far-field magnetic induction intensity, inclination measurement and calculation of well hole track, neighboring well paralleldistance calculation, and the like. In the extracting process of unconventional oil and gas resources, such as thickened oil, natural gas hydrate, and the like, the precise control on the SAGD double-horizontal well horizontal section distance is one of the key technical links. In the invention, as for the application background, an approach for combining an inclination measurement and calculation method of the well hole track and drilling electromagnetic detection is adopted for monitoring a space relative position relationship of the double-horizontal well horizontal section in real time. Firstly, the distance of the double-horizontal well horizontal sections is obtained by utilizing a magnetic signal generated by a rotating magnetic short section received by a probe; and then, the calculating method which can confirm the relative orientation of the double-horizontal well horizontal section is invented by utilizing the inclination measurement and calculation of the well hole track and the drilling electromagnetic detection signal. The invention not only can be applied to the SAGD double-horizontal well guide drilling well detection but also can be applied to multiwell collision preventing and three-dimensional hinder-crossing monitoring calculation.

The invention provides a hydraulic fracturing treatment method of an unconventional reservoir oil and gas well. The hydraulic fracturing treatment method comprises the following steps: injecting a material liquid into existing fractures of a reservoir; enabling a temporary plugging material in the material liquid to form bridge blinding at the seams of the fractures; performing hydraulic fracturing construction to force the fractures to turn; and injecting an active liquid to activate microfractures of the reservoir, and the steps are performed at least once. By the adoption of the hydraulic fracturing treatment method of the unconventional reservoir oil and gas well, not only can a plurality of man-made fractures be formed, the microfractures of the reservoir can be activated, the drainage area is enlarged, and the single-well yield and the economic benefits are improved. The hydraulic fracturing treatment method provided by the invention is not only suitable for unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as shale gas, coal bed gas and tight oil and gas but also applied to low-permeability and superlow-permeability conventional oil and gas reservoirs; and meanwhile, the method can be used for straight-well capacity increasing revamp construction and can also be used for capacity increasing revamp construction of horizontal wells, deviated wells and the like.

Provided is a method for multi-geological factor quantitative evaluation of hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency, which belongs to the technical field of evaluation and analysis of oil and gas resources. The method comprises: establishing a light hydrocarbon recovery factor model, so as to reduce light hydrocarbon loss in a hydrocarbon generation and expulsion thermal simulation test; in addition, accurately evaluating hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of typical wells in combination with a hydrocarbon generation potential method and a practically measured value of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion; screening out factors influencing hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency: 1) comprehensively considering internal factors and external factors influencing hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency; 2) screening out four geological factors: organic matter abundance, an organic matter type, organic matter maturity and a source-reservoir configuration relationship; 3) establishing a model relationship between a single geological factor and hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency, and a model relationship between multiple geological factors and hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency; and 4) popularizing and applying an evaluation model for multi-geological factor quantitative evaluation of hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency on the plane, so as to obtain a plane distribution diagram of hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of hydrocarbon source rocks by evaluation, explain distribution characteristics of conventional and unconventional oil and gas, and point out conventional and unconventional oil and gas enrichment regions.

The invention discloses a treatment method for flowback fluid in horizontal well fracturing exploitation of oil fields and unconventional oil and gas fields, such as natural gas and shale gas. The method comprises the steps of: removing scale-forming elements from fracturing flowback fluid by flocculation and sedimentation; and converting chloride ions in waste water into hypochlorite and chlorine gas by using an acousto-optic electrical excitation effect, and carrying out deep oxidation without adding extra oxidants in the whole process. According to the method, components influencing the preparation of the fracturing fluid are removed, and other useful components are reserved completely or partially, thereby reducing the waste liquid treatment cost, and reducing the addition cost of additives during the preparing of the fracturing fluid. According to the method provided by the invention, the process flow is short, the cost is low and the efficiency is high, and is particularly suitable for treating flowback fluid with high oil content, high COD (chemical oxygen demand) and high turbidity produced by horizontal well fracturing construction as well as waste waters produced by various kinds of oil fields.

The invention belongs to the technical field of unconventional oil and gas exploitation, and particularly relates to a device and a method for exploiting natural gas hydrates by means of thermal fluid fracturing. The device for exploiting the natural gas hydrates by means of thermal fluid fracturing comprises a fracturing fluid injection system, a natural gas exploitation system and a well system; the fracturing fluid injection system is used for providing high-pressure thermal fracturing fluid and injecting the high-pressure thermal fracturing fluid into the well system; the natural gas exploitation system is used for controlling the pressure difference between a hydrate reservoir stratum and the ground so that the hydrates can be exploited in a depressurization manner; and the well system is used for opening the hydrate reservoir stratum and guiding the fluid to flow into or flow out of the reservoir stratum. The method for exploiting the natural gas hydrates by means of thermal fluid fracturing is implemented by the device. The device and the method have the advantages that a plurality of processes for exploiting hydrates can be combined and used together, the hydrate exploitation efficiency is improved, and the method for exploiting the hydrates is high in prospect.

The invention discloses a carbon dioxide stamping phase change detonation fracturing system and a method thereof, and relates to the field of development and utilization of unconventional oil and gas resources in underground deep-buried reservoirs. The system is characterized in that a supporting and protecting casing pipe (D-1) is arranged at a vertical section of a drilled well (D); a directed casing pipe (9) is arranged at a horizontal section of the drilled well (D); a mixture generator (6), a packer (7), an electric spark ignition device (8) and a jet hole (10) are arranged in the directed casing pipe (9) from left to right in sequence; an energy concentrator tank body (2) and a supporting agent tank body (3) are respectively connected with a boosting pump (4) through pipelines; and a carbon dioxide tank body (1) and the boosting pump (4) are respectively connected with the mixture generator (6) through injection pipelines (5). The carbon dioxide stamping phase change detonation fracturing system can fully use high-energy impact waves generated by detonation of carbon dioxide and an energy concentrator to enable rocks in the reservoirs to generate fractures, and the high-energy impact waves can be adjusted according to a fracturing demand; and reaction raw materials adopted by the system are pollution-free to the environment.

The invention relates to a compacted oil source rock classification evaluation standard division method based on hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency, which belongs to the field of unconventional oil and gas exploration and development. The method comprises the following steps: 1) the hydrocarbon generating quantity of a hydrocarbon source rock is evaluated based on a chemical dynamics method; 2) recovery of the original residual hydrocarbon quantity (S1) in the hydrocarbon source rock is carried out; 3) the hydrocarbon expulsion quantity (the hydrocarbon expulsion quantity=the hydrocarbon generating quantity-the residual hydrocarbon quantity) of the hydrocarbon source rock is evaluated based on a material balance method; 4) overpressure history recovery of the compacted oil source rock is carried out; and 5) the relationship between the hydrocarbon expulsion quantity and geological and geochemical parameters of the hydrocarbon source rock is built, and classification evaluation standards are defined. The invention provides a systemic and manipulable compacted oil source rock classification evaluation standard definition method with a strict scientific basis, and based on the method, classification evaluation on the compacted oil source rock can be realized, and a quality source rock distribution area can be depicted.

The invention provides a method for forming multiple fractures by forced planar diverting of a fracture opening being temporarily plugged. The method includes: allowing temporary plugging diverting material fluid to a position near the fracture opening in a reservoir so as to form a bridge plug and force the fracture to divert, forming multiple fractures, activating micro-fractures of the reservoir with active liquid or acid liquid, and forming a multi-fracture mesh. The method according to the technical scheme has the advantages that artificial fractures in unconventional oil-gas reservoirs, such as low-permeability and ultralow-permeability oil-gas reservoirs, tight oil reservoirs and shale oil-gas reservoirs, are forced to divert in the plane, forming multiple artificial fractures having guiding ability, chances to connect reservoir bodies are increased, drainage area is enlarged, cleaning diverting material is of degradability and can fully degrade after construction, all the fractures can be utilized, and yield increase is more obvious.

The invention relates to the technical field of unconventional gas pool multi-stage fracturing and particularly relate to a fracturing bridge plug. The bridge plug is used for multi-stage fracturing modification of casing horizontal wells and has the quick removing performance. The bridge plug comprises a fracturing ball, a central tube, a shear pin, a slip, a slip ring, a tapered body, an end rubber sleeve, a middle rubber sleeve and a guiding shoe. The bridge plug is simple in structure and capable of saving the drilling time of every bridge plug of the horizontal well multi-stage fracturing greatly and meeting the low cost requirement and the environment-friendly requirement of exploration and development of low-permeability unconventional oil gas of China.

The invention belongs to the technical field of unconventional oil and gas exploitation, and particularly relates to an experimental apparatus for exploiting natural gas hydrate reservoir by means of thermal fluid fracturing. The experimental apparatus for exploiting the natural gas hydrate reservoir by means of thermal fluid fracturing comprises a hydrate core three-axis fracturing system, a fracturing fluid injection system, a natural gas exploitation system and an acoustic emission monitoring system, and is characterized in that the hydrate core three-axis fracturing system is used for fracturing a hydrate core to form hydraulic fracture; the fracturing fluid injection system provides high-pressure thermal fracturing fluid in a hydrate fracturing procedure; the natural gas exploitation system is used for exploiting the natural gas hydrate core in a depressurization manner; and the acoustic emission monitoring system is used for detecting an expansion procedure of the fracture and flowing states of multiple phases of fluid in the fracture. The experimental apparatus has the advantages that a ground stress state of the actual natural gas hydrate reservoir can be truly simulated, and mechanism study and effectiveness evaluation for exploitation for the natural gas hydrate reservoir by means of thermal fluid fracturing can be implemented.