The present invention provides a method and a device which are used for the direct coking of oil sand on a
fluidized bed. The method is as follows: after being mixed with and exchanging heat with the high-temperature sand from a dense-phase coking-burning reactor, the oil sand material in a coking reactor undergoes coking reaction; the dedusted oil gas enters into a
fractionation and absorption stabilization
system; after being stripped by a stripper,
tar sand is led into a dilute-phase coking-burning riser to be burnt in the dilute-phase coking-burning riser and the dense-phase coking-burning reactor above the dilute-phase coking-burning riser; and one flow of the burnt hot sand serving as a
heat carrier is led into the coking reactor, and the other flow is led into an external heat collector for heat exchange. If the
coke yield is low and the
coke-burning heat is insufficient, burning oil,
coal dust or
coke powder can be added into the coking-burning riser in order to maintain the
heat balance of the
system. The device at least comprises a material feeder, the coking reactor, the stripper, the dilute-phase coking-burning riser, the dense-phase coking-burning reactor, the external heat collector and a
cyclone separator. The device, which is characterized by strong continuous
operability and high flexibility, can directly process unconventional
petroleum resources such as oil sand and oil shales and does not pollute the environment, and the comprehensive energy
utilization rate of the
system is high.