266 results about "Flammable liquid" patented technology

This invention relates to an improved pouring spout of the type of ones which are detachably connected to a filling container for transferring liquid in a receiving container. These kind of pouring spout include an inlet tube for receiving liquid from the filling container, and an outlet tube telescopically mounted to slide onto the inlet tube for guiding liquid therefrom into the receiving container. The spout also comprises a liquid valve which opens and closes automatically upon sliding of the outlet tube. The current invention further comprises an air passage and an air valve for regulating an air flow inside the spout from the receiving container into the receiving container, such that the flow of liquid inside the spout stops automatically when the receiving container is full, thereby avoiding spillage of liquid. The pouring spout of the invention also resolve the problem of emanations related to the transfer of dangerous volatile and highly inflammable liquid.

A colorless, odorless, non corrosive, non conductive fluid, non toxic, environmentally safe available in different boiling points and freeze points, which will not burn and will be used for all types of lighting sources for purpose of anti freeze (to not freeze) and cooling, to removing heat in all type lighting products, which will allow all types of lighting products to be pushed at much higher limits extending the life in all types of lighting. This fluid type of lights can be used in home, business, auto, motorcycle, truck, trailer and can be LED, Fluorescent or other forms of lighting, which there components and lighting elements needs to be cooled extending the life and allow the light to be operated at far above the normal setting achieving the maximum output possible making the light fire resistant when using this non flammable fluid to produce wide intense super bright light generation for greater illumination. The lighting product can be self contained or in different components linked together that can utilize this fluid to cool the ballast, component and light generation source internal or external.

The method of the invention comprises the steps of proportioning a foam concentrate into a non-flammable liquid to form a foam concentrate / liquid mixture and creating a flowing stream of the foam concentrate / liquid mixture. Nitrogen is introduced into the stream of the foam / liquid mixture to initiate the formation of a nitrogen expanded foam fire suppressant. In one embodiment the nitrogen is chilled below ambient temperature. The flowing stream carrying the initially nitrogen expanded foam is dispensed, which completes the full expansion of the nitrogen expanded foam fire suppressant, into the confined area involved in fire thereby to smother the fire and to substantially close off contact between combustible material involved in fire and the ambient atmosphere substantially reducing the danger of explosion or flash fires. The system for creating and dispensing the nitrogen expanded foam can be self-contained and includes a proportioner, a source of foam concentrate, a source of nitrogen and a dispenser for completing the extension and dispensing of the nitrogen expanded foam. A chiller can be included to chill the nitrogen below ambient temperature. Optionally a power generator can be incorporated into the system in instances where power is not available. The apparatus for expanding and dispensing foam comprises a housing defining an interior through which extends a discharge line. The ends of the housing are closed about the ends of the discharge line and the ends of the discharge line extend beyond the ends of the housing to define a connector at one end for receiving a stream of foam concentrate / liquid and at the opposite end to define the foam dispensing end of the apparatus. A portion of the discharge line in the housing defines an eductor for introduction of the expanding gas into the stream of foam concentrate / liquid flowing through the discharge line.

A separator-electrolyte layer product for use in a lithium battery, comprising: (a) a porous thin-film separator selected from a porous polymer film, a porous mat, fabric, or paper made of polymer or glass fibers, or a combination thereof, wherein the separator has a thickness less than 500 μm; and (b) a non-flammable quasi-solid electrolyte containing a lithium salt dissolved in a liquid solvent up to a concentration no less than 3 M; wherein the porous thin-film separator is coated with the quasi-solid electrolyte so that the layer product exhibits a vapor pressure less than 0.01 kPa when measured at 20° C., a vapor pressure less than 60% of the vapor pressure of the liquid solvent alone, a flash point at least 20 degrees Celsius higher than a flash point of the first liquid solvent alone, a flash point higher than 150° C., or no detectable flash point.

A fire protection sprinkler system is provided for the protection of commodities including Class I-IV hazards, Group A cartoned and exposed plastics (expanded and unexpanded), flammable liquids, tires, roll paper, and aerosols, stored in a plurality of adjoining racks having a longitudinal flue space between the racks. The system includes at least one fluid supply conduit in fluid communication with a source of a fire protection fluid. The system also includes at least one solid horizontal barrier covering each rack and the longitudinal flue space at a predetermined vertical spacing. The system further includes one or more rack-level fire protection sprinklers in fluid communication with the fluid supply. The sprinklers are disposed in the vertical flue space between adjacent horizontal barriers, and each sprinkler is spaced vertically from the commodities stored between adjacent horizontal barriers.

This invention relates to a stable, highly visible, multiple use, chemiluminescent composition of matter and aerosol system capable of articulating, communicating, displaying or marking, night-time chemiluminescent messages, in the form of written text, numerics, alpha-numerics, figures, drawings, emergency messages, trail markings, lanterns or distress calls, directly onto various substrates and surfaces, including dark or non-reflective objects and outdoor natural surfaces such as grass, trees or land.The invention functions by co-dispensing two vessels, each of which is pressurized by means of a non-flammable liquid or gaseous propellant. The chemical ingredients from each vessel are combined upon contact with the surface or by means of a mixing valve or upon attached to the actuators of each vessel, which simultaneously eject the contents of both vessels and produce a chemiluminescent aerosol spray.

The invention discloses a method for measuring liquid thermal conductivity coefficient and the device thereof. The invention adopts homeostasis hotline principle to measure liquid thermal conductivity coefficient. The calculation formula of the liquid thermal conductivity coefficient is used when different heat sources are applied under the condition of one dimensional conduction respectively deduced by Fourier heat conduction basic law. Then the heat generated by the heating resource which is transmitting heat. And the liquid thermal conductivity coefficient is calculated by measuring the temperature difference at particular points in heat conduction direction when heat balanced. High-temperature resistant coaxial double-layer pipes are used as outer pipes while heat stable heating tube used as inner pipes. Liquid to be measured is packed in the space between the inner and the outer pipes. The ratio of the length of the outer pipe to the external diameter of the outer pipe exceeds is greater than 10. The way of heating of the inner pipe adopts constant-temperature and uniform-speed circulating water or tempering wire and filled with high temperature resistant liquid at the same time. The former is suitable for common liquid and the latter for high temperature flammable liquid. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, large serviceable range and high accuracy rating, thus measuring the coefficients of heat conductivity of various liquids simply and precisely is possible.

A system and apparatus for extinguishing a fire of a difficult to extinguish fuel or flammable liquid in a storage tank fitted with at least a significant top roof portion, the system including timely discharge of dry powder into a significantly enclosed space or cavity defined between the fuel / liquid surface, or between any floater remaining thereon, and the fixed top roof portion, and apparatus to facilitate the system.

A safety cabinet is disclosed which includes an enclosure having a double-wall construction and at least one door to selectively seal the enclosure. The safety cabinet includes a latch system for selectively retaining the door(s) in a closed position to cover the enclosure. The safety cabinet can be used to store, for example, flammable liquids, flammable waste, corrosives, pesticides, or combustible waste. The latch system includes fusible links that fuse when exposed to high ambient temperatures and cause the latch system to further engage the enclosure, thereby promoting the interlocking relationship between the door(s) and the enclosure when the safety cabinet is exposed to threshold high ambient temperatures.

A V-shaped flavor plate is used in a barbecue in place of briquettes. The V-shaped flavor plate has three inverted V-shaped sections forming three peaks and two valleys. A plurality of spaced oblong openings are located along a lowermost surface of the valleys. The openings are separated by ridges that prevent the collection of flammable liquids.

An aircraft fuel tank (101) comprises an inner and an outer chamber (103, 105) which are fluidly interconnected via a plurality of open-ended pipes (109). A non-flammable gas, which is immiscible with the fuel (119), is pumped into the outer chamber (103) on demand to displace the fuel (119) into the less vulnerable inner chamber (105) and thereby forms a protective non-flammable gaseous barrier around the fuel-retaining inner chamber (105). The fuel tank (101) is used primarily for military aircraft and provides the ability to attenuate hydrodynamic ram effects arising in the fuel following penetration of the fuel tank (101) by a projectile. All round protection is achieved because the inner chamber (105) is contained wholly within the outer chamber (103).

The vapor barrier for flammable liquid storage tanks provides a gas impermeable layer for covering the surface of a flammable liquid stored within a conventional flammable liquid storage tank, a tanker, a vessel or the like. The vapor barrier is formed from a plurality of spherical buoyant members. Each spherical buoyant member has a heat-resistant core or shell, a heat-reactive intumescent or flame retardant layer formed on an outer surface of the heat-resistant core, and an antistatic and oil-phobic layer formed on an outer surface of the heat-reactive intumescent layer. The vapor barrier may further be used with liquid storage tanks in which separation between the liquid and vapor phases is beneficial to prevent oxidation or other undesirable reactions.

The method of the invention comprises the steps of proportioning a foam concentrate into a non-flammable liquid to form a foam concentrate / liquid mixture and creating a flowing stream of the foam concentrate / liquid mixture. Nitrogen is introduced to the stream of the foam / liquid mixture to initiate the formation of a nitrogen expanded foam fire suppressant. The flowing stream carrying the initially nitrogen expanded foam is dispensed, which completes the full expansion of the nitrogen expanded foam fire suppressant, into the confined area involved in fire thereby to smother the fire and to substantially close off contact between combustible material involved in fire and the ambient atmosphere substantially reducing the danger of explosion or flash fires. The apparatus of the invention is adapted for expanding and dispensing foam and comprises a housing defining an interior through which extend a discharge line. The ends of the housing are closed about the ends of the discharge line and the ends of the discharge line extend beyond the ends of the housing to define a connector at one end for receiving a stream of foam concentrate / liquid and at the opposite end to define the foam dispensing end of the apparatus. A portion of the discharge line in the housing defines an eductor for introduction of the expanding gas into the stream of foam concentrate / liquid flowing through the discharge line.

An apparatus and method for open-atmosphere flame based spraying employs a nozzle to preheat, pressurize and atomize a mechanically pumped reactive and flammable liquid solution through a small orifice or a nozzle and then a set of pilot flames to combust the spray. The liquid feedstock is preheated to a supercritical temperature before reaching the nozzle and is pressurized before spraying due to a reduced size of the outlet port of the feedstock flow channel relative to the inlet. A supplementary collimating, or sheathing, gas is supplied to the flow channel of the feedstock and both the feedstock and the supplementary gas are uniformly heated before spraying. This arrangement helps to avoid clogging of the nozzle and results in satisfactory control of the properties of the particulate products of the spraying procedure.

The present invention provide a composition for forming a layer to be plated, including a solution in which from 1% by mass to 20% by mass of a polymer having a functional group that forms an interaction with a plating catalyst or a precursor thereof and a radical polymerizable group, and a water-insoluble photopolymerization initiator are dissolved in a mixed solvent comprising from 20% by mass to 99% by mass of a water-soluble flammable liquid and water; a method of producing a metal pattern material using the composition for forming a layer to be plated; and a metal pattern material produced by the method.

The weight of liquid in a tank subject to tilting is determined by measuring differences in air pressure in the ullage (the empty volume of the tank above the level of the liquid) and the air pressure produced by the weight of the liquid at the bottom of the tank. The pressures at the bottom of the tank are measured in a plurality of locations, and the differential pressures are combined to compensate for changes in the depth of the liquid when the tank is not level (e.g., when the tank is in an aircraft flying at an attitude other than straight and level). The electronics to measure the pressure and to process the pressure measurements are located remotely form the tanks, thus eliminating the possibility of ignition caused by the electronics when the liquid is fuel or other flammable liquid.

An improved fuel tank and method of forming a fuel tank utilize reinforced porous metal composite materials. In one embodiment, the composite material includes a fully dense, fluid-impermeable skin combined with a porous metal baffle. The skin and baffle may be formed as a single monolithic system via electrodeposition of a nanolaminate material into at least a portion of open, accessible void space within a porous preform (e.g., a metal foam preform) and on the exterior surface of the preform to form the fluid-impermeable skin.

The invention discloses a transmission-type optical fiber liquid level sensor with an irregular core structure. The transmission-type optical fiber liquid level sensor comprises a wideband light source, a sensing head and an optical fiber spectrum analyzer, wherein the sensing head is formed by welding a section thin core single mode fiber onto the middle of common single mode fiber, during measurement, one part of the thin core single mode fiber is positioned on a liquid level, and the other part of the thin core single mode fiber is positioned below liquid level. The common single mode fiber receives light coming from a wideband light source and is coupled to the thin core single mode fiber, so that the light is transmitted inside the thin core single mode fiber in a form of a mandrel and a cladding mode so a to form an interferometer similar to Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Light of the two parts interferes mutually and then is coupled into the common single mode fiber again and finally led into an optical fiber spectrum analyzer. By measuring drift amount of wave length of the characteristic peak in transmitted spectrum, the liquid-level variation can be calculated. The transmission-type optical fiber liquid level sensor has a compact structure, has the benefits of simplicity in preparation, high measuring accuracy, wide measuring range, safety, explosion protection and the like, and is particularly suitable for precision measurement to liquid level of inflammable liquid.

The invention relates to a flammable liquid planar free-flowing combustion simulation experimental device and method. The device comprises an oil supply system, a rogue system, an overflow system anda test system. The flammable liquid is pre-placed in an oil drum, and is flown into a flow surface tray through a peristaltic pump, a silicone hose and a steel pipe buffer tub for ignition and burning, a thermocouple tree of the test system, a camera, a bonded thermocouple, a radiant heat flow meter and an infrared thermal imager are employed to perform experiment data and image collection, and are connected with a multi-channel data collection instrument for remote data transmission, real-time display and control so as to achieve measurement of parameters such as flow burning areas, temperatures, heat radiation and the flame heights, and through change of the leakage parameters, material cushion and flow surface angles, the flammable liquid planar free-flowing combustion simulation experimental device and method are high in experiment efficiency, safe and controllable, simple to operate, convenient to use and accurate in measurement, and can develop planar free-flowing combustion state research of different substances, different flow surface types and different flow angles.

The present invention relates to a double wall pipe with an inner high pressure pipe (1) having an inner flow space for harmful and / or flammable liquids, particularly fuel to be infected or hydraulic oil, and with an outer protection pipe (2) coaxially arranged around the inner pipe, having an enter flow space between inner pipe and outer pipe, for possibly leaking or spilling liquid from the inner pipe, wherein the protection pipe (2) has several substantially longitudinal arranged grooves (23) throughout its inner surface (21); the inner high pressure pipe (1) is fitted tightly into the protection pipe (2); and after bending the double wall pipe (100), the double wall pipe (100) is unified by surface pressure due to deformation of bending process.

An applicator with improved safety is provided. Even if the penpoint tip of the applicator has ignited, fire cannot spread over the tip holder. The applicator comprises a main body (2) forming a reservoir 3 to accommodate an occluding body (4) to occlude flammable liquid to be applied, penpoint tips (5,7), and tip holders (6,8). Each of the tip holders (6,8) is made of flame-retardant resin having an oxygen index more than 30 percent.

A power generating system is described which operates at high pressure and utilizes a working fluid consisting of a mixture of compressed non-flammable air components, fuel combustion products and steam. The working fluid exiting the power generating system is substantially free of NOx and CO.Working fluid is provided at constant pressure and temperature. Combustion air is supplied by one or more stages of compression. Fuel is injected at pressure as needed. At least about 40% of the oxygen in the compressed air is consumed when the fuel is burned. Inert liquid is injected at high pressure to produce working an inert mass of high specific heat diluent vapor for use for internal cooling of the combustion chamber.The use of non-flammable liquid injection inhibits the formation of pollutants, increases the efficiency and available horsepower from the system, and reduces specific fuel consumption. Control systems allow the independent control of the quantity, temperature and pressure of the air, fuel and non-flammable liquid introduced in the combustion chamber allowing control of the maximum temperature and average temperature within the combustion temperature as well as the temperature of the exhaust from the combustion chamber.

The invention discloses a self-heating test device for flammable solids of dangerous materials. The device comprises a hot-air circulating oven, two thermocouples, a sample container with an upper opening, and a temperature recording controller. Specifically, the sample container is installed in the center of the hot-air circulating oven into which the thermocouples penetrate from outside. One end of a thermocouple is inserted into the sample container, with the other end connected to the temperature recording controller, while one end of the other thermocouple is positioned in the hot-air circulating oven, with the other end connected to the temperature recording controller. According to the requirements of GB / T21612-2008 ''Method for Self-heating Test of Flammable Solids of Dangerous Materials'', with the self-heating test device of the invention, whether a self-heating phenomenon exists in flammable solids of dangerous materials can be conveniently confirmed. Tests with the self-heating test device show good repeatability in results and are characterized by simple operation, rapidity and accurate judgment of results.

An internal combustion engine including at least two engine cylinders, and each cylinder can process its own four-stroke cycle of fuel intake, compression, combustion and exhaustion with an open / shut device in between two adjacent cylinders. Fuels in different cylinders or different parts of a cylinder combust together as the open / shut device is opened at combusting time. Each cylinder is consuming different fuels, non-flammable liquid or gas, and water as a fuel for making use of the high temperature and pressure of the combustion of one fuel to dissociate the other fuel or non-flammable fuel into its original flammable elements by burning and combusting in high temperature and pressure. This engine cylinder configuration substantially increases the utilization of fuel and different kinds of fuels to enhance the advantages on flexible, economical, and environmental considerations.

The smokeless liquid two-phase burner system of the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for burning a wide variety of flammable liquids using an integrated burner system. The system has both a primary injection path and an alternate injection path for the liquid fuel to be burned, as well as a main air pump or blower. The present invention also provides a method and apparatus for selectably injecting a secondary stream of a gas or vapor or volatile liquid into a flare system for the purpose of enhancing combustion.

A fire protection apparatus includes a plurality of bladders that are substantially filled with a non-flammable liquid via a manifold that is coupled to a source of non-flammable liquid and includes one or more nozzles that discharge the non-flammable liquid into each of the plurality of bladders. In one specific embodiment, the apparatus is initially in a substantially collapsed state at or near a ceiling. When fire or smoke is detected, the non-flammable liquid flows into the manifold. As the plurality of bladders begin to fill with non-flammable liquid, the weight of the filling bladders causes the fire protection apparatus to deploy, spanning from ceiling to floor. The bladders may include one or more discharge orifices that allow the non-flammable liquid to flow out of the bladder and down the exterior of the bladder once the bladder is filled to the level of its discharge orifices. In another embodiment, stationary bladders may be placed in walls, such as between buildings or between rooms in a building, to provide fire protection. These stationary bladders are filled using a manifold similar to the deployable embodiment until the bladders are substantially full. In both embodiments, the bladders may include separations between one or more of the bladders that allow a person to pass through the fire protection apparatus, if needed.

A method for inspecting inflammable liquid packed in nonmetal container of small size includes placing detected liquid on pressure transducer in between emitting antenna and receiving antenna, measuring phase difference of microwave penetrating liquid to be detected and measuring weight of detected liquid, and determinating whether liquid is inflammable one or not according to phase difference and weight. A system for realizing the method is also disclosed.

Disclosed is a dual stop valve assembly for use in a cargo tank motor vehicle having a flammable material stowing cargo tank with an external pipe for dispensing the flammable material. The assembly includes an external pipe connection section for connecting the external pipe to the cargo tank and has a pair of stop valves spaced apart and operable within the external pipe connection section. The assembly also includes an actuator for actuating opening of each of the pair of self-closing stop valves between a flammable material loading / unloading position and a material transport position. The external pipe connection section includes a break area for promoting breakage of the external pipe connection section along the break area such that, upon breakage along the break area, only an amount of flammable material that is stowed within the external pipe connection section and between the pair of stop valves is discharged. A method of operating a dual stop valve assembly. Advantageously, the present invention provides for improved safety in the transport of flammable liquids by providing an apparatus and method for reducing the amount of flammable liquids released in the event of a breakaway event.