7565 results about "Environmental temperature" patented technology

A method for making a laser driver circuit for burst mode is described. The method includes the following steps: First, a continuous mode laser driver circuit is selected, the chip having a temperature compensation output, a bias current setting input, and a reference current setting input. Next, the temperature compensation signal is converted to a reference current setting signal via a first bias adjustment circuit, and the reference current setting signal is input to the reference current setting input. Then, the bias current setting input is connected to ground via a second bias adjustment circuit. The reference current setting signal automatically adjusts the high level and the low level of the eye diagram of the laser according to the environmental temperature, so that the high level and the low level are kept stable to reduce the bit error rate in transmission.

Compositions for use in the manufacture of three-dimensional objects including compositions for use as a support and / or release material in the manufacture of the three-dimensional objects are provided. There is thus provided, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a composition suitable for building a three-dimensional object. The compositions may include, inter alia, a curable component, having a functional group, wherein if the functional group is a polymerizable reactive functional group, then the functional group is a (meth)acrylic functional group, a photo-initiator, a surface-active agent and a stabilizer; wherein said composition has a first viscosity of about 50–500 cps at a first temperature, wherein said first temperature is ambient temperature, and a second viscosity lower than 20 cps at a second temperature wherein said second temperature is higher than said first temperature, wherein, after curing, the composition results in a solid form. There is thus provided, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a composition suitable for support in building a three-dimensional object. The compositions may include, inter alia: a non-curable component, a curable component, wherein the non-curable component is not reactive with said curable component, a surface-active agent and a stabilizer; wherein said composition has a first viscosity of about 20–500 cps at a first temperature, wherein said first temperature is ambient temperature, and a second viscosity lower than 20 cps at a second temperature wherein said second temperature is higher than said first temperature, wherein, after irradiation, the composition results in a solid, a semi-solid or liquid material. A method for the preparation of a three-dimensional object by three-dimensional printing is provided in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention further provide a three-dimensional object prepared according to the methods of the invention.

A system and method are disclosed for identifying monitoring and evaluating hazardous or potentially hazardous conditions. The system-may-be worn-by safety personnel to detect equipment conditions such as low power supply, environmental conditions such as ambient temperature and / or physiological conditions such as heart rate of a wearer. The system may further include a control unit having electronics operable to communicate signals associated with equipment, environmental and physiological conditions.

A heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) device (104) which includes both heating and cooling operating modes provides an easy-to-use interface (110) for selecting the operating parameters of the device (104). The interface (110) allows the input of a setpoint temperature at which the HVAC device (104) conditions the ambient temperature of a space (102). A mode switch-over algorithm (200) uses the setpoint temperature, the sensed temperature from the conditioned space, and prestored threshold values that depend on the device's operating capacities, to determine when to change the device between heating and cooling modes. Also, within each of the respective modes, a heating (300) or cooling (400) algorithm controls the engaging and disengaging of the heating and cooling elements of the device (104) to maintain the temperature of the conditioned space (102) within a desired comfort zone.

A photovoltaic system includes a plurality of photovoltaic modules and a DC motor connected to a three-phase generator driven by a shaft. The three-phase generator is connected to a power mains. The electric power supplied to the DC motor by the plurality of photovoltaic modules is repeatedly measured and adjusted, by changing an external excitation current of the DC motor, to the peak power attainable at the current ambient temperature and the current incident solar radiation intensity. The peak power is preferably determined by incrementally changing the excitation current in predetermined time intervals, until the supplied electric power produces a power level which can be regarded as the peak power.

An active matrix type EL display device is provided, which is capable of suppressing the unevenness of luminance display due to the unevenness of the characteristics of TFTs which constitute pixels, or due to variations in the environmental temperature at which the display device is used. The active matrix type EL display is driven by a time gray scale method, and is capable of keeping the drain current of each of its EL driving TFTs constant by operating each of the EL driving TFTs in a saturation region in an ON state. Accordingly, constant current can be made to flow in each of the EL elements, whereby it is possible to provide an active matrix type EL display device with accurate gray scale display and high image quality.

A method for providing refrigeration such as to an insulated enclosure wherein a defined multicomponent refrigerant fluid undergoes a phase change coupled with Joule-Thomson expansion to generate refrigeration over a wide temperature range which may comprise from ambient to low temperatures.

Manufacturing all-silicon force sensors, such as capacitive pressure sensors (100, 200) that have long term stability and good linear sensitivity, and can be built into of a pneumatic tire. The sensors include buried electrical feedthrough (112b) to provide an electrical connection into a sealed silicon cavity (108). The buried feedthrough consists of a conductor (112b) in a shallow groove (106) in a substrate (102), communicating between the sensing cavity (108) and an external contact area (110). The sensor designs also feature a method for forming a silicon-to-silicon fusion bond (SFB) wherein at least one of the two surfaces (152, 252) to be has a tough silicon surface unsuitable for good SFB joints because it was bonded heavily boron-doped by means of diffusion. The method of this invention includes preparing each doped surface (152, 252) for SFB by polishing the surface with a Chemical-Mechanical Polishing (CMP) process. The sensor designs can also include optional reference capacitors (141, 241) on the same chip (100, 200) as the sensing capacitor (140, 240). The reference capacitors (141, 241) are insensitive to pressure (force), but respond to ambient temperature changes in the same way as the sensing capacitor. Suitable external interface circuits can utilize the reference capacitors (141, 241) to pull out the majority of ambient temperature effects.

Thermal energy derived from a low temperature heat source is stored in one reservoir above ambient temperature and in another reservoir below ambient temperature for use in driving an organic Rankine cycle engine to produce electricity. The organic Rankine cycle engine may utilize an organic working fluid that boils below or near ambient temperature. Solar energy may be used to power a heat pump or chiller that provides the hot and cold storage fluids stored in hot and cold reservoirs for use in the organic Rankine cycle engine.

A circuit for controlling an LED with temperature compensation is employed in the LED-based system. The circuit of the invention linearly controls luminance and color of the LED according to temperature change and more precisely compensates for temperature-related variations in LED properties. Also, the circuit saves the cost of the product due to no requirement of a microprocessor. In the circuit, a waveform generator generates a sawtooth wave for Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control. A temperature detector detects a voltage via a resistance value which is linearly variable according to changes in an ambient temperature. A PWM controller compares the sawtooth wave from the wave generator with the detection voltage from the temperature detector and generates a PWM voltage having a duty determined by the comparison result.

An air distribution arrangement is adapted to be arranged in a cabinet for housing rack-mounted equipment that generates heat in use. The arrangement can be part of the cabinet when constructed or it can be an add-on feature. The arrangement includes plenum structure comprising side walls and a top wall that cooperates with the front door of the cabinet and the faces of the rack-mounted equipment to define a plenum. An air box in the cabinet draws ambient air from adjacent the floor into the plenum at a rate of at least 850 cfm. The ambient air is cooler than the air in the cabinet. The faces of the rack-mounted equipment have openings for receiving the ambient air to cool the interiors thereof. After cooling the rack-mounted equipment the air can be exhausted back to the ambient. The side walls and the top wall of the arrangement are adjustable to permit adjustment of the depth of the plenum. Pressure in the plenum can be relieved by slots in the plenum structure.

A thermostat temperature programming display system for a digital thermostat that provides a graphical illustration of the relationship between the heating, cooling, and ambient temperatures is provided. This display system illustrates this relationship as digital markers along a linear temperature set point line on the display. As a set point is varied, the digital marker moves along the set point line. The heating and cooling set point markers are bounded by one another in a variable relationship based on a user defined dead band temperature during an automatic change over mode of operation. Only an appropriate marker is illustrated on the set point line based on the operating mode of the thermostat.

A pasteurization or sterilization process reduces fouling of a food or beverage composition containing protein during the heat treatment. An antifouling agent is added to the food or beverage composition that is selected from hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) with a hydroxypropyl molar substitution of greater than 3.0 and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) as measured by SEC of greater than 350,000 Dalton, methylhydroxypropylcellulose (MHPC) with a methoxyl content of greater than 17% and a hydroxypropyl content of greater than 3%, methylcellulose (MC) with a methoxyl content greater than 17% and a viscosity in water at ambient temperatures and a concentration of 2% of greater than 1,000 cps, or mixtures thereof, This food or beverage composition is then heated in a first heat exchanger at a temperature between 50 and 100° C. for a time of from about 2 seconds to 30 minutes for pasteurization or it is further heated to sterilization temperatures before being packaged out or further processed. The improvements of this process is that the heat exchangers are fouled at least 10% by weight less or run-time increased at least 10% as compared to when heat-treating a similar food or beverage composition without the antifouling agent.

Compositions and methods are disclosed for substantially dry storage at ambient temperatures of biological samples such as nucleic acids and cells in a form from which nucleic acids can be recovered, using a dissolvable or dissociable dry storage matrix that permits recovery of biologically active materials. Compositions and methods are also disclosed for automated storing, tracking retrieving and analyzing of nucleic acid samples. RFID-tagged biological sample storage devices featuring dissolvable or dissociable matrices are described for use as supports of biological samples, which matrices can be dried and subsequently rehydrated for sample recovery. Also disclosed are computer-implemented systems and methods for managing sample data.

The invention discloses a method for regulating normal operating frequency of a DC inverter compressor, which comprises the following steps of: constantly detecting the change of ambient temperature in each room in the running process of the DC inverter compressor; calculating the basic operating frequency of the DC inverter compressor according to the actually required percentage of an indoor unit; and correcting the basic operating frequency according to the change of the ambient temperature in the room. The operating frequency of the DC inverter compressor is subjected to frequency reduction regulation according to the change of the ambient temperature in the room, so the DC inverter compressor is more energy-saving; and when the capacity requirement is low, the operating frequency of the DC inverter compressor is reduced and the output capacity is low, so the temperature fluctuation is small after the indoor ambient temperature reaches the set temperature, the comfortable sensation of a human body is better, and the start-stop times of the DC inverter compressor can be reduced.

This invention relates generally to uses of novel nanomaterial composition and the systems in which they are used, and more particularly to nanomaterial compositions generally comprising carbon and a metal, which composition can be exposed to pulsed emissions to react, activate, combine, or sinter the nanomaterial composition. The nanomaterial compositions can alternatively be utilized at ambient temperature or under other means to cause such reaction, activation, combination, or sintering to occur.

An electric storage battery system carried on a hybrid energy off-highway vehicle including wheels for supporting and moving the vehicle, an electrical power generator, and traction motors for driving the wheels, with electrical power generated on the vehicle being stored at selected times in the electric storage battery system and discharged from the electric storage battery system for transmission to the traction motors to propel the vehicle, with the vehicle and battery system being exposed to a range of environmental conditions is provided. The storage battery system includes at least one battery for storing and releasing electrical power, wherein the at least one battery generates an internal battery operating temperature that is independent of and exceeds the highest environmental temperature of the vehicle and the at least one battery.

An electric storage battery system carried on a hybrid energy off-highway vehicle including wheels for supporting and moving the vehicle, an electrical power generator, and traction motors for driving the wheels, with electrical power generated on the vehicle being stored at selected times in the electric storage battery system and discharged from the electric storage battery system for transmission to the traction motors to propel the vehicle, with the vehicle and battery system being exposed to a range of environmental conditions is provided. The storage battery system includes at least one battery for storing and releasing electrical power, wherein the at least one battery generates an internal battery operating temperature that is independent of and exceeds the highest environmental temperature of the vehicle and the at least one battery.

An occupancy alarm system can be integrated into a motor vehicle or can be portable. The occupancy alarm system may be programmed to communicate with a program within a logic unit of the on-board computer within the vehicle or a cellular telephone or other wireless logic device so that if the driver's door is open and the engine is turned off but there still is an occupant in the motor vehicle, an alarm is immediately triggered. The GPS coordinates of the motor vehicle or the cellular telephone or other wireless device may be communicated to a remote location service or a local emergency center as part of the alarm. The occupancy sensor may be mounted on the occupant or on the restraint system, and may interact with an ambient temperature sensor and an alarm, both of which may be integrated into a motor vehicle, to indicate that a dangerous condition exists for an occupant within the motor vehicle. The occupancy sensor, the ambient temperature monitor, and the alarm may further be integrated together for a portable alarm system or may be mounted or otherwise integrated onto a portable restraint system. The occupancy alarm system may provide an interface and an override such that when the occupant remains in a potentially hazardous environment, that state is communicated via the interface and, if monitored by a responsible adult, the alarm can be overridden.

Significant research is being done to develop and improve delivery mechanisms for biopharmaceuticals and vaccines, including pulmonary (inhalation), nasal, transdermal, and oral alternatives. Market projections indicate that the delivery of proteins and vaccines by inhalation and oral formulation has become and will continue to be increasingly important. These delivery mechanisms, to be effective, will require better stabilization of the biologicals so that they can maintain potency and effectiveness at ambient temperatures for extended periods of time. The novel Preservation by Vaporization (PBV) Technology described herein provides cost-effective and efficient industrial scale stabilization of proteins, viruses, bacteria, and other sensitive biologicals, thereby allowing a production of products that are not possible to be produced by existing methods. The suggested new PBV process comprises primary drying under vacuum from a partially frozen state (i.e. slush) at near subzero temperatures followed by stability drying at elevated temperatures (i.e., above 40 degrees Celsius). The new suggested method can be performed aseptically in unit doze format (in vials) and / or in bulk format (in trays, bags, or other containers). The drying can be performed as a continuous load process in a manifold vacuum dryer comprising a plurality (e.g., 30) of vacuum chambers attached to a condenser during the drying.

The invention discloses a method for air conditioner defrosting, which comprises the following steps, first, a pipeline is added between an air discharge pipe of a compressor and an air inlet pipe of a condensator in advance, and a magnetic valve is arranged on the pipeline, second, the temperature of a coil pipe of the condensator and temperature of outdoor environment are detected, third, a defrosting operation is judged to be operated or not according to the temperature of the coil pipe of the condensator and the outdoor environment, if the defrosting operation is needed, the fourth step is executed, otherwise the second step is executed, fourth, the magnetic valve is controlled to open, the frequency of the compressor is controlled to reduce to a first predetermined value, a four-way change-over valve is controlled to change into a refrigerating operation, fifth, the compressor is controlled to make an indoor set convert up to a second predetermined value according to the first predetermined speed, sixth, the temperature of the condensator is judged to detect whether the temperature is satisfied for a condition of the defrosting withdrawal, if satisfied, the seventh step is operated, otherwise, the fifth step is operated, seventh, the magnetic valve is closed, the compressor is controlled to convert down to a third predetermined value according to the second predetermined speed, and the four-way change-over valve is controlled to change to a heat-producing operation. The invention provides a method for air conditioner defrosting, which solves the problem that the period of defrosting for an air conditioner is longer, and defrosting effect of the air conditioner is influenced.

A portable multi-functional electrochemical biosensor system includes a plurality of sample cells, pluggable information memories and a multi-functional signal analysis processor. The biosensor system uses a set of sample cell and pluggable information memory to detect the concentration of a corresponding selected analyte. Each sample cell has a reaction zone on which a chemical substance is placed to react with the corresponding analyte and has at least two independent electrodes. During detection, each corresponding pluggable information memory can provide parameters used for analysis. The multi-functional signal analysis processor has a microprocessor, an electrically erasable programmable read / write memory and an environmental temperature sensor. The concentration of the selected analyte is calculated by using the electrochemical reaction signal output from the sample cell and the parameters with cooperation of the environmental temperature sensor, and then an analysis result is output.

The invention relates to a method for intelligently controlling the frequency of a variable-frequency air-conditioner, comprising the following steps of: (1) reading the temperature difference delta T of the set temperature of the variable-frequency air-conditioner and indoor ambient temperature and calculating a frequency value Ft according to the temperature difference by a frequency converter;(2) reading each running parameter of the variable-frequency air-conditioner and controlling the air-conditioner to stop, or limit the frequency, or reduce the frequency or normally run according to the parameter value by using the frequency converter; (3) if each parameter displays that the frequency needs to be limited, ensuring the adjusted frequency Fobj to be equal to Ft, and if each parameter displays that the frequency needs to be reduced, ensuring the Fobj to be equal to Ft-delta T; (4) if each parameter displays the normal running, adjusting the frequency Ft according to the variation of the delta T in a certain time t1; and (5) outputting the Fobj to a driver of a variable-frequency compressor of the air-conditioner by using the frequency converter. The method can improve the comfort level, the using effect and the service life of the variable-frequency air-conditioner.

The invention discloses a nondestructive detection device and a nondestructive detection method for facility crop growth information, and belongs to the technical field of monitoring of facility crops. The device comprises a growth information sensing system, an electric control mechanical rocker arm and a control computer; the control computer drives the electric control mechanical rocker arm to be positioned at a detection position, and controls the growth information sensing system; reflection spectrums of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and moisture of crops, multispectral images, canopy temperature characteristic, multispectral morphological characteristics of canopies, stalks, plants and fruits, fruit quality information, and information of environmental illumination, temperature and humidity are acquired by using a multispectral imager and sensors of infrared temperature, irradiance, environmental temperature and humidity and load; nutrient and moisture characteristic spaces are acquired by optimizing and compensating the nutrient and moisture characteristics of the crops; and growth vigor information of canopy area, stalk thickness, fruit quality, plant height and the like is acquired by extracting the multispectral morphological characteristics of the crops, and comprehensive acquisition and nondestructive detection of the growth information of the crops are realized by combining nutrient, moisture and growth vigor characteristics.

The invention provides an adjusting method of an electronic expansion valve for an air conditioning unit. The method comprises the steps of detecting indoor environment temperature Ti, outdoor environment temperature To and compressor running frequency f when the air conditioning unit is stared and runs, determining the initial opening degree P1 of the electronic expansion valve through the formula of P1= A*Ti + B*To + C*f + D, controlling the initial opening degree of the electronic expansion valve according to the P1, detecting the actual exhaust gas temperature T of a compressor after the air conditioning unit runs stably, enabling the electronic expansion valve to maintain a current opening degree state when the T is in an optimum target exhaust gas temperature range, reducing the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve when the T is lower than the lower limiting value of the optimum target exhaust gas temperature range, increasing the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve when the T is higher than the upper limiting value of the optimum target exhaust gas temperature range, and returning to a former step. The adjusting method reduces the time needed for adjusting the electronic expansion valve, and improves the reliability of the running of the air conditioning unit. The invention further provides an adjusting device of the electronic expansion valve for the air conditioning unit.

This invention relates to formulations and methods for preserving sensitive biologicals, viruses, bacteria and eukaryotic cells by drying. More particularly, the invention relates to preservation mixtures containing viruses or cells and protectants, including a combination of a methylated monosaccharide and a disaccharide, or oligosaccharide, wherein the mixtures are adapted to stabilize these during dehydration and subsequent storage at ambient and higher temperature.

Shale reactivity is evaluated by testing a preserved test plug of shale sample in a triaxial test machine, the test plug being prepared by collecting a downhole shale sample and keeping it all times immersed in a preserving mineral oil so as to avoid dehydration, then applying radial and axial pressure on the test plug surrounded by mineral oil up to equilibration to overburden pressure, the test fluid being then contacted with the sample and the interaction of fluid and sample being evaluated by axial and radial deformations as measured by a triaxial detector apparatus sensitive to vertical and radial strains occurring across the shale sample, while the shale sample is subjected to any of a set of different conditions including a temperature or thermal potential, a hydraulic potential and / or a chemical potential. Only one fluid is tested on each sample. A sister test at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure is run in order to constitute a visual counterpart of what is occurring in the triaxial test machine.

The present invention provides a water based, low VOC super hydrophobic coating composition that can be used to make wet and dry dirt repellent surfaces to keep the surfaces clean for a reasonable period of time. The coating utilizes hydrophobic nanoparticles dispersed in water. This treatment produces a virtually transparent coating releasing very little or no VOC compounds whereas previous coatings of comparable hydrophobicity release up to 99 percent VOC compounds. The coating can be applied by a simple, single application method and the super hydrophobic property can be achieved by drying at room temperature for 5 to 10 minutes. A preferred coating can be easily removed and renewed when desired. The aqueous hydrophobic self cleaning coating composition that can be applied by conventional methods such as by spraying the composition onto a surface creating a wet and dry dirt repellent coating on the surface. The hydrophobic self cleaning coatings are used on exterior automotive and boat surfaces, and in many other applications, to produce a self cleaning surface, reduce adherence of dirt and contaminants to a treated surface, and reduce drag in some applications providing an energy savings. The coating solves the problem of poor resistance to UV light, opaque appearance, and / or abrasion found in previous coatings of similar nature. A preferred coating has good resistance to UV light and some resistance to abrasion. Clear, nearly transparent and translucent coatings are produced as compared to conventional coatings of comparable hydrophobicity which are typically white or opaque. The coating can be applied by a single and easy spraying method and the super hydrophobic property can be achieved by drying the film by evaporation of the solvent wetting solution and water based carrier at ambient temperature for 5 to 10 minutes. Embodiments of the hydrophobic self-cleaning coating composition can be produced resulting in a clear coating or in some cases a translucent dirt repellant film or coating on painted material, plastic, metal, glass, ceramic, fiberglass or a polymer substrate. The coating typically utilizes hydrophobic nanoparticles of fumed silica and / or titania wetted by a hydrophilic solvent such as acetone for no VOC applications, or with mineral spirits, alcohol or a light distillate if VOC are not a consideration, together with a selected surfactant typically having an HLB value in a range of from 9 to 13.At least one preferred coating composition comprising an effective amount of a treated fumed silica wetted with a solvent and dispersed in water, upon drying, resulted in a coated surface providing a contact angle of at least 165 degrees and a surface energy below 12 dynes / centimeter as compared to water having a contact angle of from 65 to 80 degrees on a noncoated surface. The composition imparts a degree of hydrophobicity to a surface so that the surface will have a tilt angle of sliding of less than 2 degrees as compared to water on a noncoated surface having a tilt angle of sliding of 90 degrees or higher. The coating composition is removed by washing with a detergent or applying pressure to the coating wiping same from the treated surface. Exposure to water in the form of rain or snow does not remove the coating composition.

The invention discloses a control method for improving the comfort of an air conditioner, which is characterized in that the indoor ambient temperature detected at certain time is T1 during the operation of the air conditioner, the actual temperature of an indoor unit evaporator is T2, and the target temperature of the indoor unit evaporator operated by the air conditioner is T (T is equal to T1-t); and before the indoor ambient temperature T1 reaches the indoor ambient target temperature set by a user (indoor refrigerating and cooling stage): when the T2 is more than the T, the operation frequency of a compressor is improved, or the wind velocity of an indoor unit is reduced, or the operation frequency of the compressor is improved and the wind velocity of the indoor unit is reduced; when the T2 is equal to the T, the operation frequency of the compressor is unchanged, and the operation speed of a fan is unchanged; when the T2 is less than the T, the operation frequency of the compressor is reduced or / and the wind velocity of the indoor unit is improved; and the target of the steps is to control the T2 and the T to have a same value. The invention aims at different crowd needs to set different operation control methods, allows users to set operation modes needed by the users according to self feelings or needs, and has the characteristics of health, energy conservation, wide application range and the like.

This invention is of a drilling fluid composition containing a liquid thixotrope, which thixotrope is free of solvents or any other diluent, and is in easily usable, liquid form, pourable at ambient temperatures, and which provides effective and efficient rheological properties when used at low levels in such compositions. In a specific aspect, the invention provides an oil or oil invert emulsion drilling fluid composition containing one or more organoclays, and in addition contains a additive which comprises the reaction product of an alkoxylated nitrogen containing compound or a diamine, and one or more polycarboxylic acids in a specified equivalent ratio.