8847 results about "Operating frequency" patented technology

A repeater allows terminals of a first communications system, employing a first air protocol or radio interface, to communicate with terminals of a second communications system, employing a second air protocol or radio interface different from the first. Where the first and second air protocols differ only in operating frequency, but are otherwise compatible, the repeater may linearly translate signals from the first operating frequency to the second operating frequency, and vice versa, without demodulating and remodulating the signals. Where the air protocols differ in other ways, the repeater receives and demodulates signals from the first system, converts the signals to a common format, and remodulates and retransmits the signals according to the second air protocol (and vice versa), in the same frequency bands or in different frequency bands. The repeater translates control and signalling information transmitted in compliance with one air protocol to a format which complies with the other air protocol and has the same or equivalent effect. For each of the two communications system, the repeater emulates the functions of a terminal in that communications system, so that corresponding terminals in that system may communicate transparently with the repeater. The repeater provides a connection between the two emulated terminals, thereby allowing a terminal of the first system to use the repeater to communicate with an otherwise incompatible terminal of the second system.

A communication device consistent with certain implementations has a coaxial cable having length and first and second ends. The coaxial cable further has a central conductor, a dielectric insulator surrounding the central conductor, and an electric shield conductor surrounding the dielectric insulator. The dielectric insulator serves as a dielectric waveguide having a characteristic impedance Z at an operating frequency range. A termination for electrical energy coupled into or out of the dielectric insulator at approximately the characteristic impedance Z at the operating frequency range to utilize the dielectric insulator as a waveguide for transmission of signals along the length of the coaxial cable, and wherein the center conductor is further used to communicate an electrical signal between the first and second ends. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.

Disclosed are embodiments of a built-in self-test (BIST) architecture that incorporates a standalone controller that operates at a lower frequency to remotely perform test functions common to a plurality of embedded memory arrays. The architecture also incorporates command multipliers that are associated with the embedded memory arrays and that selectively operate in one of two different modes: a normal mode or a bypass mode. In the normal mode, instructions from the controller are multiplied so that memory array-specific test functions can be performed locally at the higher operating frequency of each specific memory array. Whereas, in the bypass mode, multiplication of the instructions is suspended so that memory array-specific test functions can be performed locally at the lower operating frequency of the controller. The ability to vary the frequency at which test functions are performed locally, allows for more test pattern flexibility.

Voltage and frequency scaling techniques that are based upon monitored data are provided. The techniques may be used to better manage the power and energy consumption of a processor in an embedded system, such as a cellular telephone, personal data assistant, smart device, or the like. The techniques may be used with processors that offer a performance monitoring capability. The performance monitor may monitor thread-level utilization at runtime. Instructions per cycle and memory references per cycle are example metrics that may be monitored by the performance monitor. The voltage and frequency scaling techniques may adjust the operating voltage and operating frequency of the processor based on the values of these two metrics. For example, the techniques may include accessing a voltage and frequency scheduler lookup table. The techniques may be employed with non-embedded systems, as well, embedded systems.

A system may perform interconnect BIST (IBIST) testing on source synchronous links. The system may perform, at normal operating frequency, a source synchronous link test that tests a victim line on the source synchronous link using a transition weave pattern. The transition weave pattern causes interaction between a data transition on the victim line, previous transitions on the victim line, and transitions on the other lines of the link (the “aggressor” lines). The interaction caused may be: (i) a first crossing pulse on the victim line; (ii) a second crossing pulse of the opposite polarity on each aggressor line concurrent with the first crossing pulse on the victim line; and (iii) a reflection in the opposite direction of the first transition of the first crossing pulse, wherein the reflection results from a previous transition on the victim line.

Systems and methods for the identification, powering and control of products and product packaging. The systems can include a point of sale display having a contactless power supply. The contactless power supply can provide a source of wireless power for products and product packaging. The products and product packaging can include light emitting diodes, e-ink displays and printed speaker circuits that activate as the operating frequency of the contactless power supply varies. Other embodiments include product level sensors, inductive reader networks, printed temperature sensors, product alignment systems, passive identification circuits and methods for controlling operation of the same.

A method of determining operating parameters for a secondary system transmitter is described. The transmitter characteristics, including location and operating frequency band, are provided to a geo-location database. The database determines the maximum allowable transmission power that meets various specifications for different channels and conveys the power and channel(s) to the transmitter. The database estimates channel incumbent signal strengths based on the transmitter location and primary and higher-priority secondary incumbent systems, estimates the splatter levels, determines whether adjacent and co-channel interference protection ratios are met, and adjusts the allowable power level accordingly. The database also estimates aggregate co- and adjacent channel primary and secondary incumbent system interference levels at the transmitter location and predicts channel quality for each allowable channel. The estimated levels are updated using measurements of actual levels at the transmitter location. The database dynamically allocates channels using the secondary system priorities.

A mobile terminal including an antenna to change an operating frequency band includes a sub-resonance generator that generates a sub-resonance to shift the operating frequency band. The sub-resonance generator may be electrically or physically connected to a main antenna of the mobile terminal. The sub-resonance generator is connected to at least one impedance matcher and switch, and the opening and closing of the switch results in the generation of the sub-resonance. A sub-resonance generated in a higher frequency band than a first frequency band of the antenna device may result in the shift to a third frequency band with a main resonance at a lower frequency than the main resonance of the first frequency band and vice versa.

A reflective impedance element is connected to a port of a composite right / left-handed transmission line, and operates at a predetermined operating frequency so that an impedance when the reflective impedance element is seen from the port becomes a pure imaginary number jB. A reflective impedance component is connected to a port of the composite right / left-handed transmission line, and operates at the predetermined operating frequency so that an impedance when the reflective impedance element is seen from the port becomes −jB.

An F-inverted compact antenna for ultra-low volume Wireless Sensor Networks is developed with a volume of 0.024λ×0.06λ×0.076λ, ground plane included, where λ is a resonating frequency of the antenna. The radiation efficiency attained is 48.53% and the peak gain is −1.38 dB. The antenna is easily scaled to higher operating frequencies up to 2500 MHz bands with comparable performance. The antenna successfully transmits and receives signals with tolerable errors. It includes a standard PCB board with dielectric block thereon and helically contoured antenna wound from a copper wire attached to the dielectric block and oriented with the helix axis parallel to the PCB. The antenna demonstrates omnidirectional radiation patterns and is highly integratable with WSN, specifically in Smart Dust sensors. The antenna balances the trade offs between performance and overall size and may be manufactured with the use of milling technique and laser cutters.

An apparatus, system and method for microscopy. The apparatus, system and method includes a stage configured to receive an item; a tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction (TAG) lens having a first aspect positioned to image the received item, wherein the first aspect of the TAG lens is configured to have an optical power profile in accordance with an operational frequency of the TAG lens; one or more lenses configured to magnify an image of the received item at a viewing point; and at least one pulsed light source configured to illuminate the received item and to pulse at one or more points within the optical power profile of the TAG lens.

A dual mode handheld ultrasonic device is provided for guiding a venous access catheter into a patient's peripheral vein. It provides B-mode imaging with a predetermined aperture and operating frequency which locates and displays a gray scale cross-sectional image of the target blood vessel. A single doppler beam in a separate mode detects the same blood vessel and creates a single scanline image superimposed to such B-mode cross-sectional image. Simultaneously, the intensity of the positive doppler shift detected by the single doppler beam as it hits the target blood vessel activates a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) indicator lights with varying voltage requirements mounted in the scanhead. Activated LED indicator lights forms an arrow pointing inferiorly perpendicular to the target vessel which guides a physician or a paramedical professional to the precise catheter insertion spot on a patient's extremity while simultaneously viewing the target blood vessel's cross-section on the display screen.

This invention relates to an ultrasonic transducer array for non-destructive imaging and inspection of materials, suitable for applications such as bio-medical imaging. According to the invention, the transducer has at least one electrode comprising an array of electrode elements, wherein the elements are not separated by a grooves or kerfs. The grooveless transducer design simplifies transducer construction and permits very high operating frequencies, and hence very high resolution. In one embodiment suitable for producing real-time high resolution 3-dimension images, the invention provides a hybrid transducer comprising two opposed electrodes, one electrode being a grooveless linear array and the second electrode being a grooved linear phased array.

Multiple logic cores of integrated circuits and processors may be configured to operate at frequencies and voltages independently of each other. Additionally, other components, such as a common bridge configured to interface with the logic cores, may operate at a voltage and frequency independent of the voltage and frequency at which the logic cores are operating. The operating frequency and / or voltage of a logic core may be independently adjusted for various reasons, including power management and temperature control. Logic circuitry at an interface between the controller and the logic cores may translate logic signals from one voltage and / or frequency to another to enable communication between the bridge and the logic core when the two are operating at different voltages and / or frequencies.

The invention relates to millimetric packaged electronic components for applications at high frequencies greater than 45 GHz. According to the invention, to facilitate the design of a system including MMIC chips working at these frequencies, it is proposed to use packages containing one or more chips, these packages making it possible to work at these frequencies and including two types of port: a port with transition by contactless electromagnetic coupling providing a connection with an antenna at the high working frequency F via a waveguide; and a port with microstrip or coaxial line type transition enabling a connection at a subharmonic frequency F / N (preferably N=6 or 4 or, if necessary, 3) of the working frequency.

An architecture for a semiconductor static random access memory (SRAM) is described. In one example, a first set or group or stage of SRAM banks are coupled to a first data bus formed using bit line pairs, and a second set or group or stage of SRAM banks are coupled to a second data bus formed using other bit line pairs. The number of banks coupled to each bit line pair is determined by the SRAM's operating frequency and size. Each data bus is coupled to a sense amplifier. The output from the sense amplifier is then coupled to the bit line pair of a group of SRAM banks. This adjacent group has staging logic coupled to each SRAM bank to store the output of the SRAM bank until the contents from the first group is placed on the bit line of the adjacent stage of SRAM banks. The output from either the first stage or from one of the SRAM banks in the adjacent stage's SRAM banks, which had been stored in the adjacent stage's staging logic, is driven to the sense amplifier coupled to the adjacent stage. Successive stages of SRAM banks can be coupled together until an arbitrary number of stages of SRAM banks have been coupled together.

The invention relates to a coaxial cable local area network (LAN) for digitally communicating client generated data between clients of the cable LAN. The cable LAN has adapters in communication with both the clients and other adapters of the cable LAN. Connected through coaxial cable, these adapters generate and communicate data transmitting signals that take advantage of the operating frequency spectrum of the coaxial cable so as to not interfere with the operating frequency of the client data within the coaxial cable. Other features are disclosed.

A method and system is provided for using backscattered data and known parameters to characterize vascular tissue. Specifically, methods and devices for identifying information about the imaging element used to gather the backscattered data are provided in order to permit an operation console having a plurality of Virtual Histology classification trees to select the appropriate VH classification tree for analyzing data gathered using that imaging element. In order to select the appropriate VH database for analyzing data from a specific imaging catheter, it is advantageous to know information regarding the function and performance of the catheter, such as the operating frequency of the catheter and whether it is a rotational or phased-array catheter. The present invention provides a device and method for storing this information on the imaging catheter and communicating the information to the operation console. In addition, information related to additional functions of the catheter may also be stored on the catheter and used to further optimize catheter performance and / or select the appropriate Virtual Histology classification tree for analyzing data from the catheter imaging element.

A novel and useful apparatus for and method of distributed coexistence for mitigating interference in a single chip radio and / or a multi-radio (i.e. multi-transceiver) communications device. The invention enables coexistence ‘friendly’ radio IPs having frequency agility in that they are capable of shifting their clock frequencies thereby avoiding frequency bands of potential victim radios. Frequency agility on the aggressor radio side (rather than by mitigating the effect of interference on the victim radio side) prevents harmonics from the aggressor's clock scheme from falling in the operating frequency band of the victim radio, and in turn causing degradation to its performance. Each aggressor radio, based on information received from other radios, configures the root clock frequency of its RX and / or TX chain clock generation circuits.

An apparatus for managing the temperature of an integrated circuit having a multiple core microprocessor is described. Specifically, thermal sensors are placed at potential hot spots throughout each microprocessor core. A thermal management unit monitors the thermal sensors. If a thermal sensor identifies a hot spot, the thermal management unit adjusts the operating frequency and voltage of that microprocessor core accordingly.

In order to consider an optimum control method and an optimum mounting method needed, a UWB having a communication function and a radar function are used. For an obstacle vehicle in front, the distance between two cars is measured using the radar function, and according to this distance, a hazard warning is issued to a driver or a pre-crash operation is carried out. Moreover, by informing its own position to each other between vehicles using the communication function, the distance to a vehicle near to the own vehicle is measured regardless of clutter, and according to this distance, a hazard warning is issued to a driver or a pre-crash operation is carried out. Moreover, the operating frequency and transmission power of a radar are changed based on its own location information, thereby reducing influence to and from other wireless system.

The invention relates to a flush-mounted aircraft, UAV or missile antenna system, which is an integral part of the fuselage (3) of an aircraft, UAV or missile. The antenna system comprises a surface (3) made of a conductive material and a resonant recess (4) formed in said conducting surface, wherein said recess is conformed to provide a resonant behaviour in a selected operating frequency, the antenna system further comprising a radiating element (2) located within said recess and a feeding element (5) within said recess coupled to said radiating element.

A planar inverted F antenna may be configured for operation at an operating frequency band, and the planar inverted F antenna may include first, second, and third antenna segments, a reference voltage coupling, and a feed coupling. The first and second antenna segments may be separated by at least approximately 3 mm, and the third antenna segment may couple the first and second antenna segments. The reference voltage and feed couplings may both be provided on the first antenna segment, and a current null may be present between the feed and reference voltage couplings at the operating frequency band. Related communications devices are also discussed.

An electromagnetic wave propagation resistivity borehole logging system comprising multiple groups of electromagnetic transmitter-receiver arrays operating at three frequencies. The borehole logging tool component of the system employs eight transmitters and four receivers. The transmitters and receivers are disposed axially and symmetrically along the major axis of the tool to form four group pairs. Each group pair consists of a transmitter-receiver groups axially and symmetrically on opposing sides of a reference point on the tool. Each, transmitter-receiver group consists of one transmitter assembly and two receiver assemblies. Each transmitter-receiver group is operated at two of three operating frequencies which are 100 kHz, 400 kHz and 2 MHz. Some of the transmitter and receiver assemblies are fabricated to yield azimuthally focused resistivity measurements, and to yield vertical and horizontal resistivity in anisotropic dipping beds. The system can be embodied as a logging-while-drilling system or as a wireline logging system.

Methods and apparatus are described for mitigating intercell interference in wireless communication systems utilizing substantially the same operating frequency band across multiple neighboring coverage areas. The operating frequency band may be shared across multiple neighboring or otherwise adjacent cells, such as in a frequency reuse one configuration. The wireless communication system can synchronize one or more resource allocation regions or zones across the multiple base stations, and can coordinate a permutation type within each resource allocation zone. The base stations can coordinate a pilot configuration in each of a plurality of coordinated resource allocation regions. Subscriber stations can be assigned resources in a coordinated resource allocation region based on interference levels. A subscriber station can determine a channel estimate for each of multiple base stations in the coordinated resource allocation region to mitigate interference.