The invention discloses a staged-pressurization gasification reaction device for dry pulverized
coal. A first burner chamber internally provided with a top-arranged process burner is arranged at the top part of the gasification reaction device; a layer of second burner chamber internally provided with a side-surface process burner is arranged on the side surface at the upper part of the gasification reaction device and along the
peripheral direction; a
slag hole is also arranged in the bottom of the gasification reaction device; multiple chilling gas inlets are arranged at the upper end part of a synthesis
gas cooling chamber; and further, the synthesis
gas cooling chamber is also provided with an inner cylinder membrane wall, an outer cylinder membrane wall and a screen wall. The invention further discloses a gasification method, which includes steps as follows: S1, gasified fuel,
water vapor and
oxygen are sprayed into the gasification
reaction chamber for incomplete gasification reaction; S2,
oxygen or
oxygen rich gas and
water vapor are injected into the side surface process burner so as to carry out complete gasification reaction and secondary gasification reaction; S3, gasified products enter the synthesis
gas cooling chamber from the
slag hole; and S4, synthesis gas is discharged from the synthesis gas
cooling chamber, and ash residues are discharged into a bottom
slag basin. According to the invention, the service life of the furnace liner is prolonged, and the practical operation flexibility is enhanced.