6410 results about "Combustible gas" patented technology

PCT No. PCT / JP97 / 01954 Sec. 371 Date Feb. 20, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Feb. 20, 1998 PCT Filed Jun. 9, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97 / 48294 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 24, 1997A flavor generation piece (12) incorporates a formed body (32) of a material containing a flavor substance. A heater (42) heats the flavor generation piece (12) without burning it, thereby generating a flavor. The heater (42) has a tank (46) mounted in a heat-insulating holder (44) to store a combustible gas. A combustion portion (52) for burning the combustible gas is disposed on the tank (46). Ignition or extinction of the combustion portion (52) is selected by a switch (58). The upper portion of the heat-insulating holder (44) forms a heat exchange duct (62) surrounding the combustion portion (52) and providing an exhaust path (64). An air pipe (74) is disposed to cross the heat exchange duct (62) transversely in the exhaust path (64). Heat exchange is performed between a fluid flowing in the exhaust path (64) and a fluid flowing in the air pipe (74). A socket (76) communicating with the air pipe (74) to detachably mount the flavor generation piece (12) is disposed on the outer side surface of the heat-insulating holder (44).

The disclosure describes methods for producing bulk, particulate material that includes solid, generally ellipsoidal particles. Irregularly shaped feed particles with average particle sizes of up to 25 microns on a volume basis are dispersed in at least a portion of a combustible gas mixture by application of force and / or fluidizing agents. The combustible mixture with particles in suspension is then delivered, while controlling agglomeration or re-agglomeration of the particles, to at least one flame front. There, the mixture and suspended particles are uniformly distributed across the surface(s) of and passed through the flame front(s) with a high concentration of particles in the mixture. This flame front and the resultant flame(s) with suspended particles are located in at least one "wall free" zone. In such zone(s) the flame(s) may expand while the particles are maintained in dispersion and heated, with controlled and highly efficient application of heating energy. At least partial fusion occurs within at least the surfaces of the particles at high thermal efficiencies, while agglomeration of particles during fusion is inhibited.

A personnel accountability and situational awareness monitoring communications system for emergency personnel that comprises wireless network-adaptable monitoring devices, peripherals and base station console software for telemetry monitoring of real-time information at a plurality of personnel accountability and situational awareness parameters of critical data about the safety, health and whereabouts of first responders deployed in typically hazardous environments. Exterior incident command, including fire, rescue, safety and other emergency agencies achieve real-time command view and control over a variety of personnel accountability and safety parameters during emergency response activities of personnel wearing the system of the present invention portable device while operating within the wireless network of an emergency incident scene. Configured to be carried by emergency services personnel while deployed on scene, the portable device is a multi-functional sensing and communicating integration of accountability and situational awareness technologies consolidated into one portable, telemetry device. The portable device's multifunctional integrated technology includes the monitoring, telemetry and alert notification of accountability identification, location, assignment notification, vital signs, ambient vicinity temperature, SCBA status, combustible gas sensing, video streaming, “evacuation” recall signaling, signal tracking and multi-alarm signaling if the wearer has either low remaining air pressure / time, impending thermal breakthrough, low battery power, exceeds the safety threshold for safe heart rate or external body temperature readings, or becomes motionless for a predetermined time period.

A multi-function controller for a water heater is advanced comprising a control panel and a plurality of sensors that monitor a variety of functions that impact the operation of a water heater. A flammable gas sensor, placed in proximity to the air intake, detects the presence of an unsafe concentration of gas and issues a signal to the control panel, which subsequently discontinues the operation of the burners. Detection of a blocked vent pipe is achieved by a carbon monoxide sensor placed near the draft hood. The control panel is equipped with circuitry which monitors usage of the heater for a specified time period to develop a pattern of use. Subsequent to the monitoring period, the controller will activate the burners a predetermined time prior to an anticipated period of high use. During periods of low use, the controller will decrease the temperature to which the water is to be heated, thereby resulting in a more efficient heater. Non-volatile memory records data from the sensors so that the operation status of the heater may be ascertained subsequent to a power outage. The control panel contains a plurality of visual alarms, each of which corresponds to a sensor. Consequently, repair and maintenance are simplified because the cause of a malfunction is quickly recognized.

An air / gas premix burner, comprising:a fan for sending the air / gas mixture to a combustion head;a gas valve for regulating admission of the combustible gas;an air / gas mixer, which comprises a device for localized loss of pressure; anda combustion head.The premix burner is characterized in that the air / gas mixer comprises at least two channels for mixing the air with the gas; in addition, a channel is provided with an open / close element designed to regulate the flow rate of the mixture.

The present invention relates to an integrated process for preparing combustible gaseous products via the hydromethanation of carbonaceous feedstocks in the presence of steam, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, a hydromethanation catalyst and optionally oxygen, and generating electrical power from those combustible gaseous products as well as a hydrogen and / or methane by-product stream.

A method for volatilising active and / or aroma substances for the purpose of releasing an inhalable aerosol, wherein combustion gases of a flammable gas, which is preferably combusted with an excess of air, are passed partially or entirely, optionally mixed with ambient air, through an active and / or aroma substance depot and wherein a desired temperature is selectable by the proportion of combustion gases and optionally by the mixing ratio of said combustion gases with ambient air and the device implementing the method in the shape and dimensions of a cigarette or cigar for releasing an inhalable aerosol, comprising a mouthpiece (3) containing an active and / or aroma substance depot (32), a heating member (2) with a housing sleeve with one or more air inlets and one or more hot air outlets at the mouthpiece end, a filling valve (21) for filling a gas tank (22) with a flammable gas, preferably propane or butane gas, a regulating valve (24) for the controlled release of the gas from the gas tank (22) to a burner (25) and a mass transfer exchanger (26) for heating the air by the hot combustion gases produced by means of the burner (24), wherein the mouthpiece (3) is detachably connected to the heating member (2) and control of the regulating valve (24) is effected by means of the reduced pressure and / or stream of air generated by a user's suction on the mouthpiece (3). Fuelling station for such a device.

Processes for the generation of steam are provided for use in an integrated catalytic gasification process for converting carbonaceous materials to combustible gases, such as methane. Generally, the exhaust gas from a steam generating reactor is provided along with steam, a carbonaceous feedstock, and a gasification catalyst, to a catalytic gasifier, wherein under appropriate temperature and pressure conditions, the carbonaceous feedstock is converted into a plurality of product gases, including, but not limited to, methane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide. As substantially all the carbon dioxide produced from the steam generation process and the gasification process are subsequently directed though gas purification and separation processes, substantially all the carbon dioxide may be recovered, yielding a process having a near zero carbon footprint.

Hydrogen (H2) gas and crude carbon dioxide (CO2) gas are separated from a gaseous mixture thereof. Combustible gas(es) in the crude CO2 gas are combusted to produce heat, at least a portion of which is recovered by indirect heat exchange with at least a portion of the separated H2 gas or a gas derived therefrom. The invention may be integrated with coal-fired power stations to reduce or eliminate emission of harmful components into the atmosphere.

The invention belongs to the technical field of compressed natural gas filling, and particularly relates to an integrated hydraulic station which realizes high integration of an oil tank, plunger pumps, motors, a valve block, a cooler, an instrument and a sensor. The reversing function of hydraulic oil is provided through cooperation of an electro-hydraulic reversing valve and a proximity switch on a hydraulic cylinder, the functions of circulating heating of the low-temperature hydraulic oil, discharging of the high-pressure hydraulic oil and avoiding the hydraulic oil channeling back betweenthe double pumps are realized through cooperation of an unloading valve, a one-way valve and the electro-hydraulic reversing valve in the valve block, the high-pressure difference automatic stop function and the high-pressure gas discharging function are provided, combustible gas leakage and expansion deformation of the oil tank which cannot be recovered caused by high-pressure gas channeling back are avoided, the functions of low oil level monitoring alarm, temperature monitoring alarm and low oil temperature automatic circulating heating before starting of the hydraulic oil tank are provided, a three-way ball valve is adopted to replace an oil return valve block in the aspect of cooling oil return of the hydraulic oil, thus the oil return control function is realize, and the cost and space of the hydraulic station are also reduced.

The invention relates to a gas station security monitoring pre-warning and emergency management system and a method thereof, belonging to the field of work safety monitoring and supervision. The system constructed by a two level system in which a gas station site and a superior petroleum company are connected by the internet or the intranet. The gas station site comprises a video monitoring subsystem, an oil leakage monitoring subsystem, an oil tank liquid level and a temperature monitoring subsystem, an oil unloading static alarming subsystem, a combustible gas monitoring subsystem and a video monitoring host, a monitoring pre-alarming host, a short message sending device and an audible and visual alarm; the method comprises: carrying out capacity evaluation on the gas station and surrounding emergency resources and providing assistant decision support for accident emergency rescue. The invention performs monitoring pre-alarming on gas station accidents, thus improving the efficiency of emergency rescue command, reducing accident loss and ensuring the life and property security of people.

Several methods and devices are provided herein to generate shock waves that are used in the oil industry for well drilling, hydrocarbon or gas exploitation, fracking process or improved oil recovery (IOR), enhanced oil recovery (EOR), cleaning of process waters, oil spills byproducts and oil pipes, which can be used as independent systems or as auxiliary systems concomitantly with other existing technologies. The different devices consist of generating shock waves utilizing either one or more laser sources, or a self-generated combustible gas supply, or a micro-explosive pellet, or piezocrystals, or a piezofiber composite structure.

Disclosed is a gas detection system and method using a smart phone. The gas detection system includes a sensor module detachably mounted to the smart phone and configured to detect and measure a combustible gas or a toxic gas; and a gas detection APP installed inside the smart phone and configured to acquire measurement data by detecting the combustible gas or the toxic gas and measuring the detected combustible gas or toxic gas through the drive of the sensor module, after automatically recognizing user information and location information by reading a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag indicating a user or a location of gas detection, using a contact unit having built therein an RFID reader inside the smart phone, wherein the smart phone transmits the user information, the location information and the measurement data acquired from the gas detection APP to an operation server through a communication network.

An aerosol-releasing inhalation device, fuelling station, and apparatus are provided. The device includes a mouthpiece having a substance depot, and a heating member detachably connected to the mouthpiece for volatilising a substance to release an inhalable aerosol. The heating member includes a housing sleeve having at least one air inlet, and at least one hot air outlet at a mouthpiece end separated from the air inlet; a filling valve at the mouthpiece end to fill a tank with a flammable gas; a premix burner; a regulating valve to control release of the gas to the premix burner by suction on the mouthpiece; and a mass transfer exchanger to heat air by heat generated from the premix burner. The substance depot at least partially passes combustion gases, and a desired inhalation air temperature is selectable by at least a proportion of the combustion gases exiting the mass transfer exchanger.

Hydrogen (H2) gas and crude carbon dioxide (CO2) gas are separated from a gaseous mixture thereof. Combustible gas(es) in the crude CO2 gas are combusted to produce heat, at least a portion of which is recovered by indirect heat exchange with at least a portion of the separated H2 gas or a gas derived therefrom. The invention may be integrated with coal-fired power stations to reduce or eliminate emission of harmful components into the atmosphere.

A high efficiency gasification process for converting carbonaceous solids to methane and apparatus for its practice are described. The process includes reacting steam and carbonaceous solids comprising ash in the presence of alkali metal catalyst in a gasification reactor to produce combustible gases and char particles comprising ash and alkali metal catalyst constituents, treating a stream of such char particles in an alkali metal catalyst recovery system to recover the catalyst constituents as alkali metal compounds, and recycling such recovered compounds. Within the alkali metal catalyst recovery system the process includes quenching the stream of char particles with water whereby such particles are cooled and fractured, dissolving soluble alkali metal catalyst constituents from the fractured solids to form a first alkali metal catalyst solution and washed solids, optionally reacting the washed solids in alkaline solution to form a second alkali metal catalyst solution, upgrading said first and optional second alkali solution to recover the alkali metal catalyst constituents as said alkali metal compounds.

A smoking device having an integrated lighter, a bowl for holding tobacco, and a duct for drawing smoke like a pipe. The device consists of a ignition switch located on the side of the pipe in natural proximity to the thumb, a piezo-electric ignition system, a flammable gas delivery system, a bowl for holding smoking material, and an aperature for drawing tobacco.

The invention relates to a low-pollution combustion chamber provided with a premixing and pre-evaporating ring pipe, which adopts a single-ring cavity structure and consists of a combustion chamber outer casing, a combustion chamber inner casing, an outer flame tube, an inner flame tube and a combustion chamber head part, wherein air used for combustion completely enters into the flame tubes from the combustion chamber head part; the scheme of fractional combustion can be adopted, and pre-combustion stage and a main-combustion stage are divided; the main-combustion stage comprises the premixing and pre-evaporating ring pipe, a main-combustion stage nozzle and a main-combustion stage swirler; fuel oil is evaporated and mixed inside the premixing and pre-evaporating ring pipe and then enters into the flame tubes after forming even mixed combustible gas, belonging to premixed combustion; a fuel nozzle is used for supplying the fuel oil for the pre-combustion stage and the main-combustion stage; the stable working range of the combustion chamber is mainly controlled by the pre-combustion stage, so that the stable combustion can be ensured to be carried out in the combustion chamber within wider working range, and a stable ignition source can be provided for the main-combustion stage; the pollution emission is mainly controlled by the main-combustion stage, and the equivalent weight ration of the premixed gas of the main-combustion stage can be controlled within the low-pollution combustion range, so that the pollution emission of the whole combustion chamber cam be ensured to be greatly reduced. The premixing and pre-evaporating structure has small size, simple structure and modularized characteristic, can reduce the pollution emission of the combustion chamber of an aircraft engine, and ensures good combustion stability.

A smoking device having an integrated lighter, a bowl for holding tobacco, and a duct for drawing smoke like a pipe. The device consists of a ignition switch located on the side of the pipe in natural proximity to the thumb, a piezo-electric ignition system, a flammable gas delivery system, a bowl for holding smoking material, and an aperature for drawing tobacco.

A scope unit 2 including a control unit 3 and an insertion portion 4 is attached to a main unit 1 via a scope connector 5. An optical adaptor 8 is attached to a tip of the insertion portion 4. The CCD 31, HICs 32, 33, and the thermistor34 are attached to the tip of the insertion portion 4. A liquid crystal module 36 is attached to the optical adaptor 8. A barrier circuit 64 limits energy supplied to these components in a circuit disposed in the scope unit 2. By disposing the barrier circuit 64 in the scope connector 5, the portion extending from the barrier circuit 64 to, i.e., the control unit 3, the insertion portion 4, and the optical adaptor 8 are of the explosion-proof construction. Thus, these can be used in a hazardous explosive location. Thus, an endoscope apparatus that can be used in combustible gas or dust can be provided.

A method in which a parent hydrocarbon-rich material is processed so as to produce both a carbon-rich solid material that has a higher carbon to hydrogen ratio than that of the parent material and a carbon-deficient combustible gas that has a lower carbon to hydrogen ratio than the parent material. In the process, the material is activated by exposing it to a hot gas stream having elevated levels of one or both of carbon dioxide and water vapor. The combustible gas is combusted to produce heat. At least about 80% of the heat is used in one or more endothermic steps that include drying coal or biomass.

The invention relates to an intelligent online monitoring and pre-warning system for cable operation condition. The intelligent online monitoring and pre-warning system comprises a monitoring terminal and a monitoring center master station, wherein the monitoring terminal acquires monitoring parameters of the cable operation condition, such as the grounding current of the metal protective layer of the cable, cable joint temperature, combustible gas content, poisonous gas content, oxygen gas content, smoke, water level and manhole cover security, in real time and reports the acquisition data to the monitoring center master station in a timing manner through a wireless network; the monitoring center master station is used for timely carrying out storage, statistic, analysis, display and processing on the reported acquisition data and has functions of acquiring synthetic data of cable operation, monitoring the operation state in real time, displaying image data, pre-warning a fault and giving an alarm, carrying out statistic analysis of information data and the like. The intelligent online monitoring and pre-warning system can provide an effective monitoring method for ensuring the cable trench line security, ensure that the high-voltage cable line runs stably and reliably and greatly improve the power supplying reliability.

The invention relates to a technological method of comprehensive utilization of separation and pyrolysis treatment of garbage, which solves the problem of comprehensive utilization of separation pretreatment and pyrolysis gas in the process of separation treatment of garbage. The method comprises the following steps: separating and crushing the garbage for secondary classification; classifying the available components in the garbage into three classes, wherein the first class comprises paper, plastic and the like which are used as pyrolysis raw materials 1, the second class comprises the mixture of soil, kitchen wastes and the like, and the third class comprises the mixture of rag, fresh branches, vines and the like; chopping the mixture of the third class, and mixing the chopped mixture of the third class with the mixture of the second class; treating the mixture of the second class and the mixture of the third class by aerobic fermentation, and using penetrant for direct back-spraying and evaporation in high-temperature regions; treating the obtained product by secondary sieving to obtain pyrolysis raw materials 2; mixing and drying the pyrolysis raw materials 1 and the pyrolysis raw materials 2; condensing the generated steam to obtain hot water which back flows into a waste heat boiler of a power generating system to be used as supplemental water; commercializing and recovering the pyrolysis raw materials; and burning the obtained combustible gas for power generation. The invention has the advantages of high recovery rate, low energy consumption and no pollution caused by discharge.

A device for controlling the delivery of a combustible gas to a burner apparatus is provided including a main gas-delivery duct in which there is at least one servo-assisted diaphragm valve including a valve seat associated with a corresponding closure member with diaphragm control for opening the seat against the action of a resilient biasing member. The diaphragm valve includes a respective control solenoid valve with an electromagnetic operator for controlling the corresponding valve, the solenoid valve being arranged to bring about the opening / closure of a duct of a respective servo-assisted control circuit so as to operate the closure member of the valve indirectly, by the diaphragm control. The duct of the control circuit putting a portion of the main duct that is disposed upstream of the valve seat with respect to the direction of the gas-flow into flow communication with a respective control chamber of the diaphragm valve.

A burner and a method for producing an inorganic soot such as silica comprising a plurality of substantially planar layers having multiple openings therethrough formed by a micromachining process. The openings are in fluid communication with a precursor inlet and a gas inlet to permit the gas and the precursor to flow through and exit the burner. The burner produces a flame from a combustible gas in which the precursor undergoes a chemical reaction to form the soot.

The invention provides a new combined treatment process for oilfield solid waste (oil sludge, industrial solid waste and household garbage). In the process, liquid-solid separation is performed on the oil sludge of an oilfield by adopting a conditioning-centrifugal separation process; the separated liquid enters oil-water separation equipment constructed on the oilfield for recovering crude oil; the oil recovery rate is up to 65 to 90 percent; after drying separated solid residue, the separated solid residue and pre-crushed industrial solid waste and household garbage are mixed and enter a countercurrent-type rotary gasification incinerator; combustible components in the oilfield solid waste are decomposed and gasified into combustible gases which are combusted partially in the incinerator; the combustible gases are combusted completely in a secondary combustion chamber; high-temperature smoke gas afterheat is recovered by a conduction oil afterheat boiler and air preheating equipment; and low-temperature smoke gas of which the afterheat is recovered is harmlessly exhausted after being treated by a sharp-quenching deacidification tower, an activated carbon adsorption tower and a bag-type dust remover. The process realizes the purposes of decrement, harmlessness and resources of oilfield solid waste treatment.

The invention discloses a method for extracting shale oil and gas from oil shale in situ. The method comprises the steps that hot nitrogen is injected into an oil shale layer to crack kerogen in situ; after being extracted and separated, combustible gas which is generated initially is injected into a well together with the nitrogen by a certain proportion to have chemical reaction with the oil shale, so as to further crack organic substances in the oil shale, and extract shale oil and combustible gas; the hot nitrogen is an inert gas which is not only a carrier for transferring heat but also a carrier which carries shale oil and gas to above the ground; meanwhile, due to the pressure action of fluid, an oil and gas channel is favorably formed in the oil shale layer. The circulating combustible gas can have chemical reaction with the kerogen in the oil shale, so as to accelerate the reaction. According to the method for extracting shale oil and gas from the oil shale in situ, mining cost and risks are greatly reduced, the operability is greatly improved, problems caused by a surface dry distillation technology and an existing in-situ technology are fundamentally solved, the construction difficulty and cost are effectively reduced, and the method does not pollute underground water, is environment-friendly and is non-toxic.

Various smoke and combustible gas combustors (200, 300) are disclosed, and also disclosed are systems (100, 200) combining gas combustor with inventive burner. Such a burner (100 or 100') provides combustion of a particulate fuel such as sawdust, and many types of varying moisture content biomass fuels such as poultry litter. The combustors and burners exhibit a high turndown ratio ["TDR"].The smoke or combustible gas combustors (200, 300) are combined synergistically with such a burner (100, 100'), or combined with another suitable burner, so as to provide high temperature burner output gases to the combustor, which has coaxial inner and outer combustion chambers (352, 356) inlet tuyere(s) connected to the inner combustion chamber for introducing combustible smoke or other gases to be burned into the inner combustion chamber at one end thereof with cyclonic flow, and in which combustion air is mixed with combustible smoke or other gases to form a gas stream moving through the inner combustion chamber with cyclonic movement. A preheat tube (331) within the combustible gas heating chamber receives heated exhaust gases from the burner, and communicates with the inner combustion chamber exit through a plurality of apertures (364) for controlled flow of said heated exhaust gases into the gas stream and so heating same by mixing the exhaust gases with the stream of air and combustible gases.

The invention provides a system and a method for comprehensively recycling for household refuse pyrolysis. The system comprises a pretreatment device, a heat accumulating type revolving bed pyrolysis furnace, an oil-gas separating and purifying device, a fixed bed gasifying device, a pyrolysis gas storage device and a combustible gas recycling device. The method comprises the following steps: after carrying out pretreatment such as sorting, crushing, drying and forming on household refuse raw materials, carrying out pyrolysis in the heat accumulating type revolving bed pyrolysis furnace to obtain a high-temperature oil gas and pyrolysis carbon; and gasifying the pyrolysis carbon to produce a gasified combustible gas which is used as a fuel of a heat-accumulating type fuel gas radiant tube combustor. According to the system and the method, the operation cost is low, the economic benefits are good, the produced gasified combustible gas with a low heating value is ventilated into the heat-accumulating type fuel gas radiant tube combustor to combust, so that the problems that the gasified pyrolysis refuse carbon is poor in economic benefits and the recycling for household refuse pyrolysis is difficult to industrially popularize are solved.