The invention relates to a method for preparing an
oil absorption material by adopting straws as base materials, which comprises the following steps of:
grinding crop straws (maize straws, wheat straws,
sorghum straws and the like) into block shapes; adding
sodium hydroxide solution or dilute sulphuric acid solution; reflowing and stewing for 10min under the action of
microwave, or reflowing in anormal
pressure reactor for 3h; filtering, rinsing and
drying to obtain
straw powder; adding the
straw powder into water; warning up under the protection of
nitrogen; adding an initiating agent, a reaction
monomer and a cross-linking agent; stirring and reacting; and filtering and
drying to obtain the
oil absorption material. According to the invention, the straws of agricultural
solid residues are utilized as the base materials,
suspension polymerization is adopted, and graft copolymerization is carried out on acrylic ester or
styrene and the like, so that the biodegradable
oil absorption material is prepared. The oil absorption material not only has the biodegradability of the straws, but also has the high oil absorption performance of long-chain acrylic ester, so that not only can the production cost be greatly reduced and the
solid waste be effectively utilized, but also the density is low, and the effects of oil absorption and
oil retention are good due to a special porous structure of the raw
straw materials.