The invention discloses a preparation method of a high temperature and yellowing resistant alkali-soluble epoxy acrylate UV resin. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out free radical polymerization on an alicyclic epoxy acrylate monomer, glycidyl methacrylate, and hydroxyethyl methacrylate or hydroxypropyl methacrylate to prepare an alicyclic epoxy acrylate copolymer; reacting acrylic acid with an epoxy group in the above epoxy acrylate resin, and introducing a double bond to make the resin have photosensitive activity; and reacting acid anhydride with a hydroxy group, and introducing a carboxyl group to make the resin alkali-soluble in order to prepare the high temperature and yellowing resistant alkali-soluble epoxy acrylate UV resin with a carboxyl group. The glass transition temperature of the resin finally obtained in the invention is 65-100DEG C, and the finally obtained resin has the characteristics of good high temperature resistance, yellowing resistance, acid and alkali resistance of a curable film, solvent resistance, excellent mechanical performances and the like, and can be widely applied in yellowing resistant optical imaging solder resistant inks, photoresist, yellowing resistant UV inks and coatings, adhesion promoters, ink crosslinking agents and the like.