The invention discloses a method for establishing a hyperlipidaemia rat model in a short term. Animals are male Sprague Dawley rats, the body weight of the rats is 150+ / -20 grams. A high-fat diet formula includes 23.31% of casein, 0.35% of L-cystine, 8.48% of corn starch, 11.65% of maltodextrin, 20.17% of saccharose, 5.83% of cellulose, 2.91% of soybean oil, 20.68% of lard oil, 5.23% of compound mineral substances, 1.16% of compound vitamin, and 0.23% of Choline bitartrate. A fat emulsion formula includes 20% of Tween 80, 20% of lard oil, 10% of cholesterol, 2% of sodium cholate, 20% of propylene glycol, 20% of glucose, and 1% of propylthiouracil. The operation method includes: constinuously feeding rats with the high-fat diet for 21 days, and performing self-feeding; feeding the rats with the fat emulsion prepared according to the formula through the gavage method, wherein the dosage is 2 ml / kg. day. The method is short in establishment cycle of the rat hyperlipidaemia animal model, is low in cost, is good in reproducibility, can effectively simulate the human incidence state. Accordingly, the method can be used for research on functional foods capable of preventing hyperlipidaemia and screening of lipid-lowering drugs.