114results about How to "The preparation method is simple and convenient" patented technology

The invention relates to a cyclodextrin supported hydrogel for oilfield wastewater processing and a preparation method thereof. The hydrogel can process heavy metal ions in oilfield wastewater and effectively adsorb Fe<3+>, Cr<3+>, Cu<2+> or Pb<2+>. According to the technical scheme of the hydrogel, raw materials of the hydrogel comprise the following components, by mass, 9-13 parts of maleic anhydride monoesterified-beta-cyclodextrin, 9-13 parts of acrylamide, 1-3 parts of sodium allylsulfonate, an initiator which comprises potassium persulfate and sodium sulfite and has a mass accounting for 0.5% of the total monomer mass, a crosslinking agent which is N,N-methylenebisacrylamide and has a mass accounting for 1% of the total monomer mass, a pH conditioning agent which is a 1% NaOH solution, and a solvent purified water. Cyclodextrin in the cyclodextrin supported hydrogel provided in the invention has a special structure that the external cavity is hydrophilic and the internal cavity is lyophobic, so cyclodextrin can adsorb certain amounts of lipophilic substances and heavy metal ions. The preparation method of the invention has the advantages of simple step and mild condition, and the product of the preparation method, which is a hydrogel adsorbent, is used to process the oilfield wastewater.

The present invention relates to a crosslinking modified PVDF-HFP superfine fibre membrane and its preparation method. The described crosslinking modified PVDF-HFP superfine fibre membrane is a superfine fibre membrane whose thickness is 10 micrometers-60 micrometers which is made up by using superfine fibres of PEGDMA whose mass content is 10-35% and PVDF-HFP whose mass content is 90-65% and whose diameter is 50nm-500nm. Its preparation method includes the following steps: in the DMF and acetone mixed solvent adding PVDF-HFP, PEGDMA and AIBN initiating agent to prepare electric spinning solution, utilizing said electric spinning solution to make electrostatic spinning so as to obtain the membrane formed from superfine fibre whose diameter is 50nm-500nm, then making the formed superfine fibre membrane undergo the processes of vacuum-drying, removing residual solvent and crosslinking reaction for 0.5-15h at 80-135deg.C so as to 8obtain the invented crosslinking modified PVDF-HFP superfine fibre membrane.

The invention discloses a fruit fly trapping agent, as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The fruit fly trapping agent comprises a trapping agent A and a trapping agent B. Calculated according to volume fraction, the trapping agent A comprises dimehypo, brown sugar, vinegar, wine and water, and the trapping agent B is methyleugenol, wherein the mass percent of acetic acid in the vinegar is larger than 0.6%; the mass percent of alcohol in the wine is larger than 52%. According to the fruit fly trapping agent, smell diffused by the sugar and vinegar trapping agent and the methyleugenol is completely utilized to induce a fruit fly to enter a trapping bottle, and the fruit fly is killed by utilizing the dimehypo to achieve the effect of trapping and killing the fruit fly in the field. The trapping bottles are hanged at the periphery of an orchard, and therefore, an external insect source likely to invade the orchard can be prevented, and the control effect is strengthened. By utilizing the fruit fly trapping agent, male and female worms of the fruit flies can be trapped simultaneously, and the defect of only trapping the male worms of the fruit flies or the female worms of the fruit flies by other fruit fly trapping agents is overcome. In addition, because the dimehypo does not have pesticide smell, the trapping effect of the trapping agent is not affected.

The invention discloses a whitening composition and a preparation method thereof. The whitening composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-5 parts of nicotinamide, 0.5-5 parts of tranexamic acid, 0.1-5 parts of polypeptide, 0.2-2 parts of water-soluble vitamin E and 0.1-2 parts of carnosine. The preparation method of the whitening composition comprises the following steps of performing pre-blending to obtain an A phase, a B phase, a C phase, a D phase and an E phase; and performing mixing: heating the A phase and the B phase, performing stirring, performing homogenizing, reducing the temperature to 50 DEG C, adding the C phase, reducing the temperature to 38 DEG C, and sequentially adding the carnosine, the E phase and the D phase so as to obtain the whitening composition. The whitening composition has safety and tenderness, and can generate favorable skin feel after being applied.

The invention provides a hydrolysable natural high-toughness water absorbing material. By using starch and oxidized natural cellulose as main raw materials and adding additives such as acrylic acid for modification, soda powder and the like, the prepared water absorbing material is natural and easy to decompose, maintains a certain high toughness, is not easy to crush and generate chips. The hydrolysable natural high-toughness water absorbing material provided by the invention is characterized in that the water absorbing material contains a reaction component A: starch, acrylic acid, sodium hydroxide and water; a component B: oxidized natural cellulose fiber; a component C: soda powder, silica-gel powder and talcum powder; the molar ratio of acrylic acid to sodium hydroxide is 1:0.1-0.3; the mass ratio of starch to oxidized natural cellulose is 1:0.2-0.5; the mass ratio of starch to soda powder is 1:0.01-0.05; and the oxidized natural cellulose fiber is obtained after activation and mild oxidation of cellulose fiber of 20-40 mm long.

The invention provides a hardfacing electrode and a preparing method thereof and relates to the field of welding. The hardfacing electrode comprises a coating and a core wire wrapped in the coating. The preparing raw materials of the coating comprise coating alloying agents. The preparing raw materials of the coating alloying agents comprise, by weight, 5-8.8 parts of C, 35-57.5 parts of Cr, 6-10.5 parts of Mn, 11.3-50 parts of W, 3.8-12 parts of Mo, 5-7.5 parts of B and 3.8-6.3 parts of Si. The invention further provides the preparing method of the hardfacing electrode. The preparing method mainly comprises the steps of raw material weighing, material mixing, pressing, airing, low-temperature drying and high-temperature drying. The hardfacing electrode obtained through the method has the advantages that deposited metal chemical component consistency is good, a formed overlaying layer is high in hardness, and residues can be easily removed.

The invention discloses a method for producing metal hollow balls, which includes the following steps: 1 establishing a three-dimensional solid model of metal hollow balls, 2 leading the three-dimensional solid model to electron beam rapid prototyping software, and scanning parameters by controlling a computer to input an electron beam, 3 spreading metal powder on a powder spreading platform, controlling the computer to control an electron beam rapid prototyping machine to complete sintering of metal hollow balls, 4 pouring out surplus metal powder in each metal hollow ball from a powder outlet hole, and 5 sealing the powder outlet hole, and obtaining the metal hollow balls with the inside hollow and the surface compact. The method for producing metal hollow balls is reasonable in design, fast and convenient to operate, high in intelligent degree, high in production efficiency, high in forming precision, strong in universality and wide in application range. Ball sizes can be controlled easily, surface of balls is compact, wall thickness of a ball shell is uniform, the ball shell can not be broken easily, and a production process is free of pollution.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a standard protein sample and protein lysate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving a standard protein sample into protein lysate with urea, and keeping the solution at the room temperature, thereby obtaining the standard protein sample which can be directly used for sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis SDS-PAGE without heating during loading for electrophoresis. The invention also discloses protein lysate applied in the preparation of the standard protein sample, which contains 7-9M of urea. The standard protein sample prepared in the method can be kept for a long time, no heating is needed, the operation is simple, and protein bands on the electrophoresis pattern are clear without obvious tailing.

The invention relates to the technical field of medicine, and provides a colloidal sulfur liquid dressing and a preparation method thereof. According to the dressing, colloidal sulfur, total anthraquinone, ultra-low molecular hyaluronic acid, ceramide, lavender essential oil and silicone serve as main active ingredients, and the problem that sulfur is hardly soluble in water is solved; the volatility and high oxidability of the sulfur are reduced, and the defects that when the sulfur is directly used, the smell is unpleasant and clothes are contaminated are overcome; adverse reactions caused when the sulfur is in direct contact with a large part of the skin are eliminated. The dressing has the advantages of killing insects and bacteria, relieving itching, promoting wound healing, inhibiting scar formation, repairing and protecting the skin and the like, and is particularly suitable for treating acne, rosacea, skin toxoplasmosis, trichomonal pruritus vulvae, tinea manus and pedis, onychomycosis, tinea versicolor, psoriasis, tinea capitis, seborrheic dermatitis and neurodermatitis. The preparation method of the colloidal sulfur liquid dressing is scientific in formula, simple in preparation process, convenient to use and capable of being used for industrial production.

The invention relates to special cement-based self-leveling mortar for indoor floor heating and a preparation method thereof. The special cement-based self-leveling mortar is prepared by mixing powder and water according to the mass ratio of 1:(0.22-0.25), wherein the powder is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: cement, anhydrite, alpha semi-hydrated gypsum, 40-70-mesh heat-conducting filler, 70-140-mesh heat-conducting filler, 200-mesh heat-conducting filler, 500-mesh heat-conducting filler, heat-conducting soft metal wires with the length of 6mm, redispersible rubber powder, cellulose ether and the like. The invention overcomes the defects that: cement-based self-leveling needs to be used for leveling when the existing indoor floor heating is laid, however, no cement-based self-leveling special for floor heating exists in the market at present, common cement-based self-leveling is mostly used, the heat conductivity coefficient is low, the heat conduction rate is slow, the heat loss amount is large and the like. The method is based on special cement and Portland cement which cooperate with the heat-conducting filler with higher heat conductivity coefficient, the heat-conducting soft metal wire and other preferable additives, so that the mortar has the advantages of high heat conductivity coefficient, high heat-conducting rate and low heat-conducting loss.

The invention discloses a sputtering target capable of enhancing wear resistance and corrosion resistance of coated glass and a preparation method of the sputtering target . The sputtering target mainly comprises a zirconium based material; the shape and specification of the target are not limited, and a rotating target and a plane target can be manufactured; the rotating target is prepared through the equivalent cold spraying and plasma spraying technology; the plane target is prepared through the following steps: target blocks are prepared through the powder metallurgy technology, and then the target blocks are spliced and bound to form a large-size target; the structure of the target is compact, the components of the target are uniform, and the electrical conductivity of the target is excellent; the density is (5.3-5.9) g / cm3, and the relative density is greater than 90%. The target has excellent sputtering performance, stable arc light, and a sputtering coating rate of (0.5-1.0) nm*m / min. A plated zirconium based film is used as a protective film and has excellent binding force with adjacent films and excellent abrasive resistance and weather fastness; after film coating, glass requires no film protection, can be stored for a long time, facilitates deep processing in different places, effectively prevents coated glass from scratching and scrapping during the follow-up deep-processing process, and requires no film removal of a side before lamination.

The invention relates to an optical device in particular to an optical filter structure, a preparation method thereof and a method for adjusting transmission characteristics thereof. The optical filter structure is formed by successively connecting a base layer, a control layer and a dielectric layer from bottom to top. Two rectangular metal nanometer blocks are embedded in the dielectric layer. The upper surfaces of the metal nanometer blocks are flush with the upper surface of the dielectric layer. The lower surfaces of the metal nanometer blocks are higher than the lower surface of the dielectric layer. The control layer is a VO2 film. The metal nanometer blocks are made of a precious metal material. The phase change of the control layer is achieved by controlling the ambient temperature of the optical filter structure, thereby changing the transmission characteristics of the optical filter structure, achieving broadband transmission, and adjusting the broadband transmission intensity and a local electric field enhanced position in the middle-infrared band. The optical filter structure is simple and convenient in preparation and use method and is easy to operate.

The invention relates to the field of flavoring food, and provides a toona sinensis-flavor condiment sauce and a preparation method thereof. The toona sinensis-flavor condiment sauce has flexible eating methods, is delicious and rich in nutrition, has a unique toona sinensis flavor, and meets the demand on the diversity of condiment sauce taste caused by people. The toona sinensis-flavor condiment sauce mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of toona sinensis sprout powder, 80-85 parts of chili powder, 3-5 parts of garlic powder, 1-3 parts of ginger powder, 4-6 parts of salt, 3-5 parts of monosodium glutamate and 1-2 parts of pepper. Meanwhile, the invention also provides a preparation method of the toona sinensis-flavor condiment sauce. According to the preparation method, the unique flavor and the rich nutritional value of toona sinensis in the toona sinensis sprout can be retained to the utmost extent; meanwhile, the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, and facilitates industrial large-scale popularization and application.

The invention provides a cement pipe internal anticorrosion method, anticorrosion paint and a preparation method of the anticorrosion paint. According to the cement pipe internal anticorrosion method, epoxy resin coats the inside of a cement pipe, so that the inner surface of the cement pipe can be effectively prevented from fluid corrosion and erosion. Meanwhile, the anticorrosion paint can be used in the cement pipe internal anticorrosion method; in the anticorrosion paint, nanometer zinc oxide is used as a filler and is compounded with pigments and fillers such as epoxy resin and titanium dioxide, and an auxiliary agent and a curing agent to be used, so that the anticorrosion paint has good anticorrosion performance; meanwhile, excellent impact resistant performance and good adhesion performance are also realized. Further, according to the preparation method, the anticorrosion paint ingredient is used as a raw material; the preparation method has the advantages that the operation steps are convenient and fast; the prepared anticorrosion paint has excellent performance; the use effect is good, and the like.

The invention relates to white microlite comprising the following components by weight: 30-40 parts of silicon dioxide; 6-10 parts of aluminum oxide; 10-15 parts of calcium oxide; 3-5 parts of zinc oxide; 4-6 parts of boron oxide; 4-6 parts of barium oxide; 0.3-0.7 part of potassium oxide; 1-3 parts of sodium oxide; 0.5-1.5 parts of titanium oxide; and 0.5-1.5 parts of magnesium oxide. The white microlite is stable in color, bright in color, long in service life, low in cost, and convenient to manufacture, fills the species of pattern and color of existing microlite, is novel in pattern and unique in color, and greatly satisfy the demand of people for the microlite in living and production.

The invention relates to an external liquid dressing for treating skin diseases as well as a preparation method and a use method of the external liquid dressing, belonging to the technical field of medicines. The external liquid dressing is prepared by the steps of moistening high-mountain sorbaria sorbifolia flowers or high-mountain sorbaria sorbifolia seeds into water for 20-60 minutes, adding 5-15 times of water, carrying out decoction twice with slow fire, and finally filtering decoction liquid, wherein the first decoction time is 2-4 hours, and the second decoction time is 1-3 hours. Theexternal liquid dressing is simple in component, only the high-mountain sorbaria sorbifolia flowers or the high-mountain sorbaria sorbifolia seeds are taken as the raw material, and the preparation method and the use method are simple and convenient. Besides, the raw materials are wide in sources and cheap, the production process flow is simple, the production speed is high, and batch production can be realized. The external liquid dressing is convenient to use and safe in clinical application and has no toxic or side effect. The external liquid dressing can take effect within 3-5 days, the diseases can be cured within about 30 days, and therefore, the external liquid dressing has good application prospects.

The invention relates to a hybrid emulsion, a water-based inorganic coating prepared from the hybrid emulsion and preparation methods of the hybrid emulsion and water-based inorganic coating. The water-based inorganic coating is mainly prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of water, 0.4-20 parts of mixed monomers, 1-10 parts of potassium persulfate aqueous solution, 0.001-1 part of anionic emulsifier AS30, 0.001-1 part of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 0.001-1 part of FF6M reducing agent, 1-10 parts of ethyl orthosilicate, 0.1-15 parts of gamma-glycidyl ether oxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and 0.1-5 parts of concentrated ammonia water. The defects that a paint film of an existing water-based inorganic coating for interior walls easily generates cracks, micropores and the like, and has the defects of poor scrubbing resistance, poor water resistance and the like. Organic-inorganic hybrid particles are used as main film forming substances, the organic matter part ensures that a formed film does not crack, and the introduction of the inorganic matter silicon dioxide endows the emulsion with the advantages of scrubbing resistance, water resistance, good storage stability and the like.

The invention discloses a tetracyclic terpene compound and a preparation method thereof. The structural formula of the compound is shown as a formula I. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) reacting a compound shown as a formula 2 with an acrylic acid derivative in the presence of a chiral alkali; (2) performing a selective reduction reaction on the obtained product in the presence of a reducing agent and a heptahydrate of cerous chloride, and protecting hydroxyl; (3) performing a reduction reaction on the obtained product; (4) performing Swern oxidation on the obtained product, and performing a Wittig reaction in the presence of hexamethylphosphoric triamide; (5) performing an intra-molecular olefin metathesis reaction on the obtained product under the catalytic action of a Grubbs second generation catalyst to obtain spiro-olefin; and (6) performing a selective cyclopropanation reaction on the spiro-olefin and a diazo compound in the presence of a metal catalyst and a chiral ligand to obtain a compound shown as a formula 1. The method has the advantages of simple steps, mild reaction conditions, high yield, convenience for amplifying, convenience for deriving a product and high industrial production potential.

A four-stroke internal combustion engine (20) is provided. There is provided within an engine housing (28) an oil reservoir (126) and a valve chamber (156) which independently communicate with a crank chamber (124). A strategically placed divider (116) and passageway, located within the engine housing (28), appropriately direct lubricant within the engine housing (28) so that the internal cavity of the engine is lubricated during use in various operating attitudes, and so that the fluid flows to and is held in the proper chambers of the engine housing during storage. There is also provided a breather arrangement for an internal combustion engine (20) which includes a cam shaft (98) having a hollow passageway in communication with the crank chamber (124) and the air intake system of the engine. There is also provided an engine housing which can be utilized for engines having different horse power ratings. There is also provided a crankshaft bearing assembly (68, 70) which prevents damage to the bearing upon insertion of the crankshaft (80) into the crank chamber (124).

The invention discloses a welding structure of medium carbon tempering alloy steel and low alloy steel, which comprises the following parts: medium carbon tempering alloy steel element, low alloy steel element and welding joint, wherein the welding joint is filled with welding meat; one transition layer is set between the welding meat and the medium carbon tempering alloy steel and between the welding meat and low alloy steel separately. The invention has better mechanic property with fastened and reliable component, which is easy to realize to improve the component property greatly.

The invention discloses a Chinese herbal medicine preparation for preventing and treating liver and gall diseases of aquatic animals as well as a preparation and use method thereof, and relates to the field of aquatic animal breeding. The compound Chinese herbal medicine preparation for preventing and treating the liver and gall diseases of the aquatic animals comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-15 parts of schisandra chinensis, 6-12 parts of cynara scolymus, 6-12 parts of silybum marianum, 10-15 parts of radix bupleuri and 9-12 parts of radix paeoniae alba. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials, respectively crushing and sieving the raw materials to obtain dry powder, and mixing the dry powder to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine preparation. According to the use method, the Chinese herbal medicine preparation is mixed into aquatic feed for use, and the additive amount of the Chinese herbal medicine preparation in the aquatic feed is 2-3% of the weight of the aquatic feed. The formula is reasonable, the theory of traditional Chinese medicine is scientifically applied, different Chinese herbal medicines have a good prevention and treatment effect on the liver and gall diseases of the aquatic animals through mutual synergistic effect, toxic and side effects are small, water area environment pollution is not likely to be caused, the Chinese herbal medicine preparation is safe, pollution-free, residue-free, green, healthy and environment-friendly, and the aquaculture benefits can be effectively improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of prodigiosin derivative. The structural formula of the prodigiosin derivative compound is shown as a formula I. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: 1) in the presence of alkali, reacting a compound shown as a formula 2 and a compound shown as a formula 4; 2) carrying out a cyclization reaction on the obtained products in the presence of an acid catalyst; 3) carrying out a reduction reaction on the obtained products; and 4) carrying out a Weisimaisi reaction between the obtained products and a compound shown as a formula 7 to obtain a compound shown as a formula 1. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple steps, mild reaction conditions and high yield, is easy to enlarge and convenient for products derivatization and has great industrial production potential.

The invention discloses a water quality regulator and a preparation method thereof. The water quality regulator comprises components in parts by weight as follows: 32-45 parts of shell powder, 24-33 parts of tourmaline powder, 20-28 parts of argy wormwood leaf powder, 15-21 parts of pectinase, 12-20 parts of lotus leaf powder, 14-26 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 12-20 parts of sodium citrate and 16-22 parts of diatomite. The water quality regulator has simple composition, contains no harmful components, cannot cause secondary pollution, is convenient to use and has the better water quality improving effect; besides, the preparation method of the water quality regulator is simple, convenient and easy to master, popularize and use.

The invention relates to a plant-based colorful real stone paint marble-imitated coating and a preparation method thereof. The plant-based colorful real stone paint marble-imitated coating mainly comprises a toned base paint, a protective glue solution and a continuous phase emulsion, wherein the toned base paint is prepared by mixing a base paint and a proper amount of special color paste for toning. According to the present invention, the disadvantage of poor environmental protection property due to the adoption of the organic solvent in the existing colorful real stone paint marble imitation coating system in the market is overcome, the water-based plant-based emulsion is researched and developed by integrating the characteristics of water-in-water and the real stone paint, the application of the petrochemical raw material is reduced, and the system adopts the water-based plant-based emulsion and the pure acrylic emulsion as the film forming material so as to achieve the environmental protection effect; color sand is added into the basic paint and the continuous phase emulsion, so that the appearance simulation degree and texture are improved, and the paint has the advantages of being excellent in stain resistance, water resistance, alkali resistance and weather resistance and environmentally friendly.

The invention discloses an oxidized composite additive for limestone wet flue gas desulfurization and a preparation method thereof. The oxidized composite additive is mainly made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65-95 parts of iodine aqueous solution, succinic acid 5‑15 parts, 5‑10 parts of disodium edetate, 3‑10 parts of iron sulfate, 10‑20 parts of calcium acetate monohydrate, 2‑10 parts of manganese acetate tetrahydrate. The oxidized composite additive prepared by the invention is added to the limestone slurry, which can accelerate the absorption of SO2 gas in the limestone slurry, improve the reactivity between limestone and SO2, and improve the removal efficiency of SO2. At the same time, the preparation method of the oxidized composite additive of the present invention is simple and convenient, does not require heating and pressurization, does not require production equipment, and can be directly added to limestone slurry, which saves costs and can be popularized and applied on a large scale.

The invention relates to the technical field of pavement bricks, and provides a preparation method of a composite layer pavement brick. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparinga surface layer material by adopting a vacuum pressing method, preparing a bottom layer material by adopting a vacuum exhausting method, and connecting a bottom layer and a surface layer by adopting aconnecting layer containing gravels to increase the interface bonding force of the surface layer and the bottom layer and improve the bearing capacity of the composite layer pavement brick; and carrying out low-temperature curing treatment on the composite layer material to complete demolding, and then treating the surface of the surface layer by adopting a shot blasting treatment technology to form surfaces with different concavities and convexity. The preparation method is simple and excellent, the combination degree of the surface layer and the stratum can be improved, and it is guaranteedthat the surface layer material and the bottom layer material are not prone to falling off; and the contractibility of the material is reduced, so that the composite layer pavement brick material ishigh in bearing capacity, good in skid resistance, good in durability, low in overall manufacturing cost and suitable for wide application.

The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines of the ophthalmology development, and discloses a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating presbyopia of middle-aged and elderly people and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by selecting commonly-used and resource-rich traditional Chinese medicinal materials and is clinically applied. The medicinal materials in the traditional Chinese medicine preparation complement one another, have reasonable compatibility and are properly applied, the mutual integration of all the medicinal materials is effectively improved, and therefore the effects of dredging the meridians and collaterals of the eyes, mobilizing the qi and blood of the eyes, supplementing nutrients required by the eyes and relieving the fatigue of the eyes are achieved; meanwhile, the adjustment capability of the muscles around the eyes is effectively improved, the activity of damaged anddegraded cells of the eyes is activated and restored, the eyesight of middle-aged and elderly people is significantly improved, the treatment effect on the presbyopia is extremely high, and the problem is fundamentally solved. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation has the advantages that the steps are simple, the operation process is simple, the requirements for operators are not high, and the cost is low. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation has no toxic or side effects and is suitable for individuals of middle-aged and elderly people of all ages.

The invention discloses a Chinese herbal medicine preparation for preventing and treating bacterial diseases of aquatic animals and preparation and use methods thereof, and relates to the field of aquaculture of aquatic animals. The Chinese herbal medicine preparation for preventing and treating bacterial diseases of aquatic animals is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 12 to 14% of herba verbenae, 6 to 9% of honeysuckle flower, 6 to 9% of folium isatidis, 17 to 20% of herba houttuyniae, 22 to 27% of herba plantaginis, 6 to 9% of radix isatidis, 6 to 9% of radix scutellariae, and 12 to 14% of herba ajugae. The preparation method comprises the following steps of weighing the raw materials, respectively crushing and screening the raw materials, so as to obtain dry powder; mixing the dry powder, so as to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine preparation. The use method comprises the following steps of mixing into aquatic feed, wherein the adding amount of the Chinese herbal medicine preparation in the aquatic feed is 2% to 3% of the weight of the aquatic feed. The Chinese herbal medicine preparation has the advantages that the formula is reasonable, the theory of traditional Chinese medicine is scientifically utilized, and the different Chinese herbal medicines are mutually cooperated to well prevent and treat the bacterial diseases of the aquatic animals; and the toxic and side effects are little, the easiness in pollution to water area environment is avoided, the green, healthy and environment-friendly effects are realized, and the aquaculture benefit is effectively improved.

The invention relates to a phosphorus washing solution for a crystalline silicon solar battery. The phosphorus washing solution is composed of hydrogen fluoride (HF) and deionized water; a surface active agent is added in the hydrogen fluoride (HF); the three components of the phosphorus washing solution and the weight ratio thereof are presented as follows: 7%-15% of the hydrogen fluoride (HF), 5-100ppm of the surface active agent and 85%-95% of the deionized water. A manufacturing method of the phosphorus washing solution comprises the following steps: adding the deionized water into a container; slowly adding the hydrogen fluoride (HF) and the surface active agent; and stirring for 5-10 minutes till completely dissolving. A use method of the phosphorus washing solution comprises the following steps: soaking a silicon wafer with residual impurities on surface into the phosphorus washing solution at normal temperature, and after soaking for 1-3 minutes, washing the silicon wafer with a hydrochloric acid and then washing with the deionized water. The phosphorus washing solution disclosed by the invention can be used for efficiently treating phosphorosilicate glass (PSG) and impurities spread on the surface of the silicon wafer, thereby causing the surface of the silicon wafer to be cleaner and obviously promoting electrical performance of the solar battery.