The invention discloses a grain storage warehouse based on the Internet of Things. The grain storage warehouse comprises a granary management system cloud platform, an Internet of Things wireless gateway, a warehouse body, a grain face walkway plate, a crawling ladder, a grain blocking door, a first sealing heat preservation door, a second sealing heat preservation door, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, oxygen detectors, nitrogen detectors, a pest situation forecasting lamp, cameras, air conditioners, overground ventilation caged, an air feeder and a plurality of sealed heat preservationwindow sashes; and the warehouse body comprises a grain storage layer and a detection layer, and the grain storage layer and the detection layer are the first layer and the second layer of the warehouse body respectively. The invention further discloses a grain storage method. According to the grain storage warehouse and the method, the grain storage environment including the temperature, the humidity and the nitrogen content in a granary can be controlled in real time, so that the temperature inside the warehouse body is constant throughout the year, the nitrogen content is stable inside thewarehouse body throughout the year, grain decay and deterioration are avoided, and the storage time is prolonged; and meanwhile, insect pests in the granary can be monitored and killed in time, so that the insect pests are avoided.