The invention relates to a Chinese medicinal composition for preventing and treating hand, foot and mouth disease in children and belongs to the technical field of the traditional Chinese medical science and Chinese medicines. The Chinese medicinal composition is prepared from the following Chinese herbal medicines by weight: 10g of towel gourd vegetable sponge, 30g of rhubarb, 10g of Chinese gall, 35g of common cnidium fruit, 30g of calamine, 25g of salted jellyfish, 5g of wrinkled gianthyssop herb, 4g of gypsum rubrum, 15g of cassia twig, 20g of incised notopterygium rhizome, 18g of heracleum, 15g of clematis root, 10g of bark of oriental variegated coralbean, 8g of fructus amomi, 8g of katsumade galangal seed, 20g of coix seed, 15g of hypericum japonicum, 10g of abrus herb, 12g of borax and 10g of Spanish fly. The Chinese medicinal composition has quick response when used for treating the hand, foot and mouth disease, can take effect in two days, has a good therapeutic effect, and can effectively prevent herpes from ulcerating and relive the pain of the children, and the cure rate reaches over 90 percent; and the Chinese medicinal composition can prevent the hand, foot and mouth disease.