The invention relates to a key information identification method based on hierarchical attention and label guide learning, and belongs to the technical field of text mining and information processing. According to the method, a key information recognition framework based on hierarchical attention and label guide learning fusion is adopted, a text representation model is directly applied to limitation of text mining, a word coding layer and a sentence coding layer can fully capture a text organization structure, important words are aggregated into sentence vectors, and then the important sentence vectors are aggregated into text vectors; the word attention layer and the sentence attention layer apply attention mechanisms to a word level and a sentence level respectively, so that more important or secondary important contents can be concerned differently during text representation; a label-guided learning layer is adopted to execute label-based attention coding, text representation is mapped to a label space, and the label-guided learning layer can directly perform joint learning together with context coding. The method has a wide application prospect in the fields of quotation analysis, information retrieval, fine-grained knowledge service and the like.