The invention relates to an intelligent scheduling method of a single-thread and multi-priority system. The intelligent scheduling method of the single-thread and multi-priority system includes the step of deferred execution scheduling and the step of appointed instruction control execution, wherein according to the step of deferred execution scheduling, a deferred execution state identity is added to each kind of instruction, and whether the non-deferred state needs to be recovered or not is detected by a deferring recovery detector; according to the step of appointed instruction control execution, a control cycle is set, an execution threshold value of each appointed instruction is calculated in each control cycle, and the number of executed appointed instructions in each control cycle is controlled according to the execution threshold values. Compared with the prior art, the intelligent scheduling method of the single-thread and multi-priority system improves the instruction execution efficiency, and solves the problem that in the single-thread and multi-priority system, due to insertion of low-priority tasks occupying too much time, execution efficiency of high-priority tasks drops largely.