The invention discloses a chemical separating method for an aluminum foil in a waste lithium ion battery positive plate. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) adding the waste lithium ion battery positive plate into a surfactant solution, performing ultrasonic oscillation treatment to loosen surface components of the positive plate, washing, drying, filtering and recovering the positive plate; (2) putting the positive plate treated in the step (1) into a mixed solution of N, N-dimethylacetamide and N-methylpyrrolidone, heating, taking the positive plate out, and washing with water; (3) putting positive plate treated in the step (2) into water, performing ultrasonic oscillation till the aluminum foil as well as active substances of an anode, a conducting agent and a bonding agent; and (4) filtering a solution obtained in step (3), washing to obtain a mixture containing the active substances, the conducting agent, the bonding agent and the aluminum foil, and screening to obtain a dissociative aluminum foil sheet. In the method, the aluminum foil sheet can be recovered directly; and compared with the conventional method for extracting an aluminum foil after dissolving with alkali, the chemical separating method has the advantages: the process is simplified, and cost is lowered.