The invention discloses cotton fibers with antibacterial and insect-resisting effects. The cotton fibers are characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 21-24 parts of cotton fibers, 10-12 parts of apocynum venetum fibers, 6-8 parts of silk fibers, 7-9 parts of cashmere fibers, 9-11 parts of pineapple fibers, 4-7 parts of polypropylene fibers, 6-8 parts of taxus chinensis superfine micro-powder, 3-5 parts of ailanthus altissima leaf extracted powder, 1-3 parts of zeolite powder, 1.1-2.3 parts of chitosan, 0.5-0.7 part of magnesium nitride, 0.8-1.4 parts of N,N-dicyanoethylaniline, 5-7 parts of sulfonated castor oil, 15-18 parts of fatty alcohol alkoxy ether, 1-2 parts of mashed garlic, 1.3-2.5 parts of cnidium monnieri cuss, 2.1-3.6 parts of coptis chinensis, 90-95 parts of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethylphosphate, 95-100 parts of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 3-6 parts of an addition agent and a proper amount of water. According to the cotton fibers, the taxus chinensis superfine micro-powder is added into raw materials by adopting an ultrasonic technology and a prepared cotton textile has a very good health effect and a useful pain-relieving effect on tumor patients and female symptoms; furthermore, the other active ingredients are added so that the good clothes properties of sweat absorption, breathability, softness, allergy prevention, easiness of washing, low probability of fuzzing and balling up and the like of natural cotton fibers are maintained, and the cotton fibers have good antibacterial and insect-resisting functions, a good electromagnetic radiation shielding function and the like.