The invention provides a high-quality high-yield cultivation method of Cuiguan pears, and relates to the technical field of Cuiguan pear planting. The method comprises the following steps of grafting; complementary planting, wherein pollination trees are subjected to complementary planting, partial pollination varieties are top-grafted to main cultivated varieties, and then flowering and pollination can be conducted in the next year; pollen collection, wherein dew-free bursting flower buds or newly-bloomed flowers are collected after 10 a.m., pollen of the dew-free bursting flower buds or newly-bloomed flowers are spread on bright and clean paper at the room temperature ranging from 20 DEG C to 28 DEG C, anthers burst open after eight hours, and pollen is sprinkled out, collected and applied; pollination, wherein pollen is matched with diluent to be diluted and then sprayed on flowers, pollen liquid is sprayed to the flowers at noon, and the diluent for dilution is prepared from, by weight, 1 part of boronic acid, 8 parts of bentonite, 3 parts of gelatin, 1 part of stannous pyrophosphate, 2 parts of potassium tripolyphosphate and 1,000 parts of purified water; chemical fruit retention. The high-quality high-yield cultivation method of the Cuiguan pears is high in graft survival rate, high in resistance of grafted Cuiguan pear saplings, good in pollination effect, green and environmentally friendly.