The invention discloses coal gangue lightweight through-hole ceramsite. The technical scheme has the essentials that the coal gangue lightweight through-hole ceramsite is composed of coal gangues, attapulgite clay, a powdery coal gangue foaming agent, active carclazyte waste dreg, hollow microspheres, lightweight magnesium oxide, expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, ferrous sulfate and quick lime. The materials of the coal gangue lightweight through-hole ceramsite are stirred and mixed, extruded and granulated, dried, roasted, subjected to heat insulation, sieved, sealed and packaged to prepare the coal gangue lightweight through-hole ceramsite. The coal gangue lightweight through-hole ceramsite has the characteristics of large specific surface area, small bulk density, high water absorption rate, excellent ventilation performance, beautiful appearance and shape and no odors, no harmful bacteria, good lightweight strength, and consistent micro-pores and macro-pores. When the coal gangue lightweight through-hole ceramsite is used for culturing or planting various types of nursery stocks, flowers and vegetables, the roots of the plants can absorb nutrition constituents of water or a liquid fertilizer from the coal gangue lightweight through-hole ceramsite, so that good growth and development and the survival rate of the plants are ensured and the coal gangue lightweight through-hole ceramsite is suitable for preparing a soilless culture substrate and nutrient soil.