The invention relates to an inversion method for copper elements in soil in vegetation-covered areas on the basis of measured spectra of leaves. The inversion method includes steps of firstly, acquiring and preprocessing images; secondly, carrying out in-situ sampling; thirdly, processing samples; fourthly, measuring and preprocessing the spectra of the leaves; fifthly, measuring the contents of the copper elements in the soil samples; sixthly, computing vegetation indexes and spectral parameters; seventhly, analyzing correlations and selecting parameters; eighthly, building models; ninthly, carrying out large-area inversion on the content of the copper elements in the soil. The inversion method has the advantages that images of the content of the copper elements in the large-area soil inthe vegetation-covered areas can be obtained, accordingly, indication information and mineral exploration clues can be provided to mineral resource investigation, and scientific bases can be providedto land quality evaluation and soil comprehensive treatment; heavy metal pollution diffusion conditions of the soil and control effect evaluation can be obtained on the basis by means of multi-temporal analysis; the inversion method is wide in detectable range and high in speed, monitoring can be carried out in real time, and the like.