The invention relates to a hyperbranched polyester lithium ion battery gel electrolyte and a preparation method thereof. The gel electrolyte is formed by mixed liquor prepared from 5-30 percent by mass of hyperbranched photopolymer resin, 5-25 percent by mass of cross-linking agent, 1-10 percent by mass of initiator, 20-50 percent by mass of plasticizer, 20-50 percent by mass of lithium salt and the like by using a radiation crosslinking method or a heating crosslinking method and the like. In the invention, the hyperbranched structure of a hyperbranched polyester can effectively prevent chain segments from being crystallized, whereas the molecular conformation similar to a spheric shape can increase the free volume of the polyester; bigger space and fewer -COO- and ether bond structures among branch points of the hyperbranched polyester have very strong interreaction with oxygen in the carbonic ester plasticizer, and therefore, a large amount of liquid electrolyte can be contained, and the gel electrolyte has very high dissolving capacity on salts, which is beneficial to ionic migration and the increase of electrical conductivity so that a lithium ion battery prepared from the hyperbranched polyester lithium ion battery gel electrolyte has long service life, small internal resistance, better specific energy, simple preparation process and no pollution.