The invention discloses a high-performance superfine cement based grouting material for microfissuring and silty fine sand soil grouting treatment, and application of the grouting material. The grouting material comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 50-79 parts of Portland cement clinker, 19-48 parts of an auxiliary cementing material and 2-7 parts of desulfurized gypsum, whereinthe auxiliary cementing material comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 25-57 parts of mineral slag, 8-21 parts of steel slag, 18-36 parts of pulverized fuel ash, 6-12 parts of limestone flour, 1-8 parts of silica fume and 2.5-12.8 parts of a high-performance composite regulator; the high-performance composite regulator comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 5-16parts of sodium hydroxide, 4-12 parts of sodium silicate, 4-14 parts of potassium metaaluminate, 12-21 parts of calcium chloride, 11-18 parts of lithium chloride, 4-12 parts of triethanolamine, 21-27parts of alum, 18-29 parts of aluminum sulfate, 0.2-1.5 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.1-3.0 parts of viscous polymer, 0-0.8 parts of polypropylene fiber and 0.5-3.0 parts of a superplasticizer; and the viscous polymer is an acrylic ester polymer or an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.