The invention relates to a method for extracting copper from scrap copper through a wet process. The method comprises the steps of: A) ammonia dissolving leaching: putting scrap copper in a multicomponent solution of ammonia, an ammonia salt, a monovalent chloride, and a divalent copper chloride to form an appropriate electric potential, and reacting the scrap copper with ammonia complex ions so as to be dissolved in the multicomponent solution and generate stable monovalent copper complex ions, filtering out most of metal element impurities Fe, Ni, Al, Sn and Pb from the scrap copper, leaving a small amount of impurities to undergo an oxidation reaction and react with ammonia molecules to generate complex ions of different coordination numbers and exist in the solution; B) extraction for impurity removing: extracting impurities Ag, Fe, Ni, Zn, Bi, Cr, Mn, Sb, Pb, and Sn into an organic phase, and keeping the monovalent copper complex ions in the solution; C) diaphragm electrolytic deposition for preparing high-purity cathode copper: carrying out electrolytic deposition of copper in the cathode chamber of a negative ion membrane electrolyzer, thus obtaining a well crystallized negative copper plate. The method of the invention is characterized by environmental protection and low energy consumption, and can generate high-purity copper directly.