A
system and process is disclosed for retorting
oil shale and extracting
shale oil and other hydrocarbons therefrom, in which a cased heat delivery well is drilled generally vertically through an
overburden and then through a body of
oil shale to be retorted to the bottom thereof, generally horizontally under the body of
oil shale to be retorted, and then back to the
earth surface.
Heat energy is transmitted conductively to the body of oil shale to be retorted from a
closed loop heat delivery module in the well, the module comprising a fluid transmission
pipe containing a heating fluid heated to at least a retorting temperature.
Heat energy is also transmitted to the body of oil shale to be retorted above the fluid transmission
pipe by vapor conduits that conduct
retort vapors upward through the body of oil shale to be retorted; the ascending
retort vapors condense and
reflux, delivering their
latent heat of
vaporization to the body of oil shale to be retorted, and the condensed
retort liquids descend. If not recycled, the retort liquids are collected in a
sump at the bottom of a production well and are transmitted to the surface for
processing. The vapor conduits communicate at upper ends thereof with the production well, so that vapors that do not
reflux are collected in the production well and are transmitted to the surface for
processing.