Disclosed is an emulsified asphalt profile control agent. The emulsified asphalt profile control agent is applied to adjustment of injection profiles of water injection wells in the water injection development process of oil fields. The water drive wave and efficiency are improved. The emulsified asphalt profile control agent comprises, by weight, 45-65% of asphalt, 0.3-1.2% of dodecyl diphenyl ether sodium disulfonate, 0.3-1.2% of sodium alcohol ether sulphate, 0.05-0.1% of polyoxyethylene fatty acid, 0.02-0.8% of phenethyl phenyl polyoxypropylated polyoxyethylene ether, 0.3-1.5% of sodium pyrophosphate, 0.02-0.1% of ultra-fine calcium powder, 0.02-0.08% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.02-0.08% of anionic polyacrylamide, 0.000004-0.04% of sodium hydroxide and the balance fresh water of which the salinity is less than 1,000mg / L. The emulsified asphalt profile control agent has the advantages that the emulsified asphalt profile control agent can enter deep portions of oil reservoirs effectively, the water plugging rate is more than 90% under the condition that the injection capacity accounts for 1-15% of the reservoir preprocessing radius hole volume, the validity period of the water plugging is more than 2 years and oil flow channels are not damaged.