2119 results about "Chromium oxide" patented technology

The invention provides novel marble-like composite materials and methods for preparation thereof. The marble-like composite materials can be readily produced from widely available, low cost raw materials by a process suitable for large-scale production. The precursor materials include calcium silicate and calcium carbonate rich materials, for example, wollastonite and limestone. Various additives can be used to fine-tune the physical appearance and mechanical properties of the composite material, such as pigments (e.g., black iron oxide, cobalt oxide and chromium oxide) and minerals (e.g., quartz, mica and feldspar). These marble-like composite materials exhibit veins, swirls and / or waves unique to marble as well as display compressive strength, flexural strength and water absorption similar to that of marble.

It is an object of the invention is to provide a light-emitting element in which failure of the light-emitting element due to separation can be controlled and stable luminescence can be obtained with high-efficiency and for a long stretch of time by controlling separation of layers constituting the light-emitting element. According to one aspect of a light-emitting element of the invention, the light-emitting element sandwiches a plurality of layers between a pair of electrodes, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers is a layer containing a substance selected from bismuth oxide, cobalt oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide, and titanium oxide, or at least one layer of layers different from a light-emitting layer among the plurality of layers is a mixed region of one substance selected from bismuth oxide, cobalt oxide, copper oxide, magnesium oxide, nickel oxide, zinc oxide, and titanium oxide and an organic compound.

This invention relates to an entirely new technology of completely recovering chromium and vanadium from vanadium-chromium miscible liquid. The main procedures include: first a primary-secondary compound amine extracting agent contacts the vanadium-chromium miscible liquid by means of countercurrent contact and extract, so as to extract most of vanadium and a small amount of chromium into a organic phase while most of chromium stays into a aqueous phase; and a reduction reaction is conducted with pH of acid adjustable faffinate (aqueous phase) and a certain amount of a reducing agent; the sodium hydroxide is used for adjusting pH value of the solution and filter, and finally the product is hydrous chromium oxide; at that time, the lye is used as a stripping agent; the vanadium is stripped from the vanadium-rich organic phase into water in the manner of countercurrent contact; and the vanadium is separated from the solution witthe method of ammonium precipitation and in the form of ammonium metavanadate; and finally the supernatant clear solution of the one is processed with deposited vanadium with a high-efficient distillation technology, and the strong aqua ammonia is left in the tower top and deamidization solution is left in the tower bottom until the extraction process is reached. The invention uses the primary-secondary compound amine as the extracting agent, extracts and separates vanadium and chromium selectively at a low temperature. The invention not only has a simple process flow, but also is low-cost, quite applicable in large-scale industrial production. In addition, the invention also provides high-purity ammonium metavanadate and 16 percentage strong aqua ammonia, and makes sure the vanadium and chromium can be completely recovered through re-use of the solution.

A chisel holder changing system having a base element with a chisel holder receiver, into which a chisel holder equipped with a chisel can be inserted, wherein the chisel holder is inserted with a holder shaft into the chisel holder receivers and is maintained therein with the aid of bracing screws. Bracing screws can be screwed into a threaded receiver of the base element and during this are supported under tension in a bracing receiver of the holder shaft of the chisel holder. If in a chisel holder changing system in accordance with this invention the surfaces of the outer screw thread of the bracing screw and / or of the inner screw thread of the threaded receivers of the chisel holder receivers have a metallic layer of zinc and aluminum lamellas and a mineral chromium oxide bonding agent, which is burned in after the application, the screw connections are improved so that larger prestressing forces / tightening torques can be transmitted without damage to the screw connections.

A laminated coating protects a metal substrate in a highly corrosive and highly erosive environment. A coating of a noble metal, such as gold, is bonded to the metal substrate, such as by electroplating or by flame spray. The noble-metal coating protects the metal substrate from the corrosive effects of a process fluid. A ceramic material, such as chromium oxide or titanium dioxide, is bonded to the noble-metal coating. Ceramic materials resist abrasion very well, which protects the underlying noble-metal coating from the erosive / abrasive effects of the process solution, which may contain suspended solids that are highly abrasive. However, the ceramic material is somewhat porous, which allows some seepage of the process fluid. The metal substrate is protected from the corrosive effects of the process fluid by the noble-metal coating.

A coating, method of coating and substrates coated thereby, wherein the coating contains an inorganic adhesive such as an alkali / alkaline earth metal silicate such as sodium silicate, potassium silicate, calcium silicate, and magnesium silicate; a filler such as a metal oxide for example silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and boron oxide; and one or more emissivity agents such as silicon hexaboride, carbon tetraboride, silicon tetraboride, silicon carbide, molybdenum disilicide, tungsten disilicide, zirconium diboride, cupric chromite, or metallic oxides such as iron oxides, magnesium oxides, manganese oxides, chromium oxides and copper chromium oxides, and derivatives thereof. In a coating solution, an admixture of the coating contains water. A stabilizer such as bentonite, kaolin, magnesium alumina silicon clay, tabular alumina and stabilized zirconium oxide may be added.

The invention provides novel slate-like composite materials and methods for preparation thereof. The slate-like composite materials can be readily produced from widely available, low cost precursor materials by a process suitable for large-scale production. The precursor materials include calcium silicate, for example, wollastonite, and particulate filler materials which comprise silicon dioxide-rich materials such as quartz, mica, feldspar, sand and glass. Additives can include calcium carbonate-rich and magnesium carbonate-rich materials. Various additives can be used to fine-tune the physical appearance and mechanical properties of the composite material, such as colorants such as particles of colored materials, such as colored glass, colored sand, and colored quartz particles, and pigments (e.g., black iron oxide, cobalt oxide and chromium oxide). These slate-like composite materials exhibit visual patterns unique to slate as well as display compressive strength, flexural strength and water absorption similar to that of slate.

A catalyst composition is disclosed that includes chromium, oxygen, and at least two of gold, silver, and palladium as essential constituent elements. The amount of modifier metals (gold, silver, and / or palladium) in the composition is from about 0.05 atom % to about 10 atom % based on the total amount of chromium and modifier metals. Also disclosed is a process for changing the fluorine distribution (i.e., content and / or arrangement) in a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon in the presence of the catalyst composition; and methods for preparing said catalyst composition. One preparation method involves (a) co-precipitating a solid by adding ammonium hydroxide (aqueous ammonia) to an aqueous solution of soluble salts of modifier metals and a soluble chromium salt that contains at least three moles of nitrate per mole of chromium in the solution and has a modifier metal content of from about 0.05 atom % to about 10 atom % of the total content of modifier metals and chromium in the solution to form an aqueous mixture containing co-precipitated solid; (b) drying the co-precipitated solid formed in (a); and (c) calcining the dried solid formed in (b) in an atmosphere containing at least 10% oxygen by volume. Another preparation method involves (a) impregnating solid chromium oxide with a solution of a soluble modifier metal salts; (b) drying the impregnated chromium oxide prepared in (a); and optionally; (c) calcining the dried solid. Yet another preparation method involves mixing multiple compositions, each comprising chromium, oxygen, and at least one modifier metal.

The invention discloses a catalyst for synthesizing low carbon mixed alcohol with synthetic gas and a preparation method. The main components of the catalyst are copper oxide, zinc oxide, chromium oxide, alumina, and an appropriate amount of other assistants, which are expressed by the general formula Cu(Zn)a(Cr)b(Al)c(M)d(A)e(O)x; the catalyst is prepared by coprecipitation, and the assistant is added by impregnation. Under appropriate conditions, the catalyst can lead CO and hydrogen to react to produce a mixture of oxidation compounds which comprises methanol, ethanol, propanol, isobutanol, pentanol, and a small amount of C5.

The invention discloses a low carbon alkane dehydrogenation catalyst and its preparation method and application. The low carbon alkane dehydrogenation catalyst uses La-containing alumina as a carrier, and chromium as an active component, taking the weight content of oxides as a reference, the lanthanum oxide content in the final catalyst is 0.1 to 5.0%, the chromium oxide content is 5.0% to 20.0%, and La in the La-containing alumina carrier is introduced in during gelatinizing in the alumina preparation process. The preparation method of the low carbon alkane dehydrogenation catalyst comprises the following steps: preparation of the La-containing Al2O3 carrier and a process of loading active component chromium by an impregnation method. The low carbon alkane dehydrogenation catalyst can be used in production of propylene by dehydrogenation of propane. The low carbon alkane dehydrogenation catalyst prepared by the method does not contain alkaline oxides to avoid strong interaction between the alkaline oxides and the active component, and the activity, stability and propylene selectivity of the low carbon alkane dehydrogenation catalyst are improved.

The present invention provides an effective, selective, and industrially applicable process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. Specifically, the present invention provides a process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene including reacting 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of oxygen and a catalyst comprising chromium oxide represented by the composition formula: CrOm (1.5<m<3), or fluorinated chromium oxide obtained by fluorinating the chromium oxide.