The invention provides a comprehensive recycling technique of valuable elements in smelting soot, which comprises the steps of: adding sulfuric acid in the smelting soot to pulpify the same, leaching for twice, and filter pressing the smelting soot to form lead-silver-bismuth slag; smelting, casting, electrolyzing, refining and reducing and smelting the lead-silver-bismuth slag in a converter to obtain rough lead, copper matte, pure bismuth and silver-zinc slag; adding cupric hydroxide in the supernatant to deposit arsenic, depositing the copper in the copper arsenate slag with deposited arsenic to form copper-arsenic solution, concentrating, crystallizing, dissolving and separating the solution to obtain white arsenic and cupric sulfate solution; performing twice electrodeposition treatments on the copper-zinc-cadmium solution with deposited arsenic to respectively obtain electrolytic copper and black copper, sequentially adding zinc oxide and zinc powder to perform deacidification, high-temperature copper removal and low-temperature cadmium removal treatments to obtain sponge cadmium, smelting the sponge cadmium to obtain rough cadmium, concentrating and crystallizing the zinc sulfate solution to obtain heptahydrate zinc sulfate. The comprehensive recycling technique provided by the invention has the advantages of improving the recovery of multiple metals, having extensive treatment raw materials, low production cost and high economic benefit, and avoiding the secondary pollution of decentralized processing and secondary loss of valuable metals.