The invention discloses a comprehensive recovery method for platinum and palladium in silver anode slime. The method comprises the steps that the silver anode slime generated through silver electrolysis is subjected to nitric acid leaching in a reaction still for silver separating; the leaching conditions comprise that the mass concentration of a nitric acid solution is 30-40%, the liquid-solid ratio is 3-8:1, the temperature is 40-80 DEG C, and the time is 2-6 h; filtration is conducted after leaching, and silver separating solution and leaching residues are obtained; hydrochloric acid or sodium chloride is added into the silver separating solution for silver sedimentation, the reaction endpoint is reached when no white sediment exists, and silver chloride sediments and a silver sedimentation solution are obtained after filtration; a sedimentation agent is added into the silver sedimentation solution, platinum and palladium in the solution and a small amount of silver, lead, bismuth and copper are precipitated and recycled, and platinum and palladium concentrates and a platinum and palladium sedimentation solution are obtained after filtration. The leaching residues are chloridized for gold separating, a gold separating solution and gold separating slags are obtained, the gold separating solution is subjected to bismuth removal, a gold stock solution and bismuth sedimentation slags are obtained, and gold powder, a gold sedimentation solution and valuable metal such as associated silver, associated lead, associated bismuth and associated copper are further obtained. According to the method, the platinum and palladium in the silver anode slime can be recycled effectively through the sedimentation agent under the ambient temperature condition, and the platinum and palladium concentrates are obtained; meanwhile, the valuable metal such as associated gold, associated silver, associated lead, associated bismuth and associated copper are enriched and recycled, the comprehensive recycling of resources is achieved, the recycling level of the resources is improved, and the economic benefits are remarkable.