905 results about "Silver chloride" patented technology

Systems and methods of use for continuous analyte measurement of a host's vascular system are provided. In some embodiments, a continuous glucose measurement system includes an electrochemical sensor incorporating a silver / silver chloride reference electrode, wherein a capacity of the reference electrode is controlled.

A device, which is preferably disc shaped, has two primary layers. A first layer has one side, which is the lower side in use, for adhering to a patient's skin surface, a second, upper layer on the underside of which electrical circuitry is printed or affixed so that the electrical circuitry is sandwiched between the layers. The device can be made in several sizes to accommodate patient size and location of the acupuncture point to be stimulated. Two distinct forms of the device are presented: a single use and a reusable device for. In the single use device, the first, lower layer is preferably a foam with non-conductive adhesive on both sides: the bottom side for adhering to the skin and the top side for adhering to the upper polyester disc. The holes through this lower foam layer include, preferably, eight holes spaced concentrically about one central hole in the middle of the lower foam layer. All these holes are, preferably, overfilled with an electrically conductive gel that projects from the lower foam layer. The conductive circuitry preferably printed on the underside of the upper layer provides a series connection to the gel in each of the eight concentric holes and a separate connection to the gel in the center hole when the upper layer is adhered to the lower layer. The printed circuitry may be a silver / silver chloride polymer film, also provides for a tab(s) which can be permanently or temporarily affixed to an integral or remote simulator through direct contact or wire leads. In the reusable device a pressure-sensitive adhesive material forms the lower layer which allows for multiple applications to a patient's skin. The adhesive lower layer is transparent to show the circular central electrode the annular electrode. The electrodes are preferably silver / silver chloride polymer film. In either configuration, metal core insulated leads can be use for electrical connection with the opposite ends of the leads connected to jacks for connection to an impulse stimulator or can end in electrically conductive tabs.

Discretely coated sensors or eyelets are provided for use in medical electrodes. Also provided are sensors for use in medical electrodes where the sensors are coated with a with a silver / silver chloride coating in a discrete area. Silver / silver chloride medical electrodes are provided that have a sensor or eyelet made of conductive plastic which is discretely coated with silver / silver chloride only in the area in which the sensor makes direct contact with the electrolyte gel in the conductive pathway.

The invention provides a load-type monoatomic catalyst. The catalyst is formed by uniformly loading monodispersed metal atoms on the surface of a nano substrate material. A preparation method thereofcomprises the following steps: in an electrolyte solution containing metal salt, performing electrochemical deposition by using a three-electrode system, using a glassy carbon electrode loaded with the nano substrate material as a working electrode, using a graphite rod as a counter electrode, using a silver / silver chloride electrode as a reference electrode, performing linear volt-ampere scanning, enabling the metal atoms to be monodispersely and uniformly deposited on the nano substrate material, to obtain the load-type monoatomic catalyst. The load-type monoatomic catalyst is capable of, based on electro-deposition, constructing a monoatomic structure, through an electro-deposition method, rapidly, efficiently, and controllably depositing single atoms, and realizing deposition of positive and negative electrodes, and the obtained load-type monoatomic catalyst has important significance to a general application in the catalytic and particle physical field.

Apparatus for carrying out patch clamp technique utilized in studying the effect of certain materials on ion transfer channels in biological tissue, and more particularly patch clamp apparatus utilizing an autosampler, such as those utilized with HPLC apparatus, to provide high throughput, is disclosed. The invention additionally includes novel microperfusion chamber assemblies capable of utilizing only small amounts of material to be tested and only small amounts of liquid carrier, thereby enabling many tests to be completed in a short period of time. The invention more broadly relates to a novel electrophysiology drug handling and application set up for screening of chemical substances while providing high throughput and requiring only low volume of solutions and samples to be tested. The invention also comprises several novel procedures for utilizing the apparatus of the invention.

The invention provides a bacteria cellulose membrane containing silver chloride nanometer particles, corresponding preparation method and application, which is characterized in that a plurality of silver chloride nanometer particles are adhered to the microfiber surface of the three-dimensional porous reticular structure of the bacteria cellulose membrane, the content of the silver chloride nanometer particle is 0.5 to 21% of the total weight and which particle diameter is 10 to 300nm. The preparation method is base on the principle of using the particular three-dimensional reticular microfibrillar structure and the high oxygen density (ether linkage and hydroxy) to constitute the synthetical effective nanometer reactors by the silver chloride nanometer particles in situ and the product is obtained after repeatedly soaking in the solution of silver salt and chloride salt, rinsing and drying. The bacteria cellulose membrane containing silver chloride nanometer particles has the advantages of excellent antibacterial performance, most simple preparation process, can be used as favorable antiseptic dressing and extracting the silver chloride nanometer particles.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a silver-loaded mesoporous silicon dioxide antibacterial agent. The preparation method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: dissolving a template agent, a silicon source and silver nitrate in water to obtain a silver sol solution, adding a chloride aqueous solution into the silver sol solution, stirring and mixing to form silicon dioxide / silver chloride gel, drying gel, and carrying out thermal treatment to obtain the mesoporous silicon dioxide antibacterial agent containing elemental silver. The prepared silver-loaded mesoporous silicon dioxide antibacterial agent is 200-1000 cm<2> / g in specific surface area, 5-30 nm in aperture and 1.0-5.0 cm<3> / g in pore volume; the mass percentage of elemental silver is 10-30%. The antibacterial agent prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention keeps the ordered porous structure, the uniform aperture, the larger specific surface area and the pore volume of the carrier material; the antibacterial agent prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of being easy for controlling the content of antibacterial active bodies, simple in preparation method, broad-spectrum in antibacterial property, durable in antibacterial efficiency, steady in antibacterial property, nontoxic to human body and the like and can be widely applied in the fields of ceramics, plastics, textiles, coatings, water treatment and the like.

A hydrometallurgical process for the treatment of complex silver-bearing sulfide ores and concentrates that recovers substantially all silver, lead, antimony, zinc, copper and sulfur, along with the chemical reagents utilized during the process. Finely ground ores and concentrates are leached under heat and pressure with water, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, oxygen, and a catalyst, and are further treated to recover silver in the form of silver chloride; iron in the form of iron hydroxide; copper and all traces of soluble toxic metals as sulfides; zinc as zinc ammonium sulfate and specifically nitric acid, sulfuric acid, oxygen, ammonia, and ammonium compounds as valuable fertilizer products.

The invention discloses a method for integrating focusing and detection of cells and a miniaturized system thereof. The miniaturized system comprises a microfluidic chip, a data acquisition card, a miniature computer and a sample injection device, wherein the microfluidic chip is formed by a flow channel layer, a substrate layer and a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) which are aligned and packaged in sequence; the flow channel layer is provided with an asymmetric sinusoidal flow channel, a detection main flow channel, polyelectrolyte gel and a conductive-fluid storage pool; the polyelectrolyte gel, the conductive-fluid storage pool and a silver-silver chloride wire form a detection electrode; the silver-silver chloride wire is connected with the data acquisition card and the miniature computer by a transimpedance amplifier and a differential amplifier so as to form a differential impedance detection circuit of the cells; the miniature computer is used for realizing generation of pseudorandom excitation signals, processing of system response signals and analysis and display of multi-performance parameters of the cells. The method and the miniaturized system disclosed by the invention integrate the functions of focusing and detection of the cells, realizes miniaturization and portability of the system and can be widely used for biological study of blood cells and rare cells.

Disclosed is a system and method for monitoring the breath chemistry of a patient's breath using a specially designed self-condensing sensor module mounted in a mask, nasal cannula, headband with boom apparatus, or similar device for directing the patients' breath towards the self-condensing sensor. Monitoring of a patient's breath pH provided by the miniaturized self-condensing pH sensor provides for real-time monitoring of patient airway pH values. The specially designed self-condensing sensor module incorporates a data transfer means, e.g. direct wiring or by providing a transmitter with an antenna for wireless transferring of the pH data to a processing receiver. The self-condensing pH sensor comprises a multi-tubular design with the outer tubular member housing a silver chloride reference element, an ion conducting path, and an antimony sensor plug isolated in an inner tubular member that is co-linearly or coaxially configured with the outer tubular member. A transmitter with an antenna transfers the observed pH data by employing one of many wireless methods, such as radio-frequency (RF) energy. Alternately, the transfer of observed pH data is accomplished by direct wire methods. The pH data is transferred or updated at specific intervals, which can be varied according to the patient's needs, to the processing receiver that is engaged to the treatment apparatus. In the therapeutic configuration, the processing receiver computes and diagnoses the breath chemistry data and determines at what frequency the treatment apparatus should be activated.

The present invention provides a nanometer silver / silver chloride visible light optical catalyzing material which consists of nanometer silver and silver chloride with a chemical formula of Ag / AgCl. The nanometer silver particles are loaded on the surface of the silver chloride and occupy 18 to 36 percent of the gross weight. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) adopting a solid phase sintering method to synthesize silver molybdate, and obtain a mixture of molybdena and silver oxide, tabletting and then sintering; the sintered matter is the silver molybdate; (2) mixing the two according to a proportion of 1g of the silver molybdate and 20ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid and then putting into a high pressure kettle, heating to 150 to 220 DEG C and depositing for 48 to 72 hours; flushing the obtained deposit with a pH value of 7 to obtain the silver bromide; (3) mixing the silver chloride prepared by step (2) with the water solution of silver nitrate, stirring and adding glutamic acid, refluxing under a water bath of 70 DEG C, thus obtaining a nanometer silver / silver chloride optical catalyst. The present invention effectively restrains silver chloride from decomposing by utilizing the plasma effect of the nanometer silver particles and can utilize the energy of solar light more effectively.

The invention particularly relates to a method for preparing an electrocatalytic water-splitting oxygen production electrode, with Fe / Ni duplex metal coordinating with trimesic acid, of a metal organic framework material and belongs to the field of electrodeposition / electrocatalysis. The method comprises the steps that (1) Ni(NO3)2.6H2O, Fe(NO3)3.9H2O and the trimesic acid are all dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide, then tributylmethylammonium methyl sulfate is added, and sufficient stirring is conduced till all the components are completely dissolved, so that electrolyte, with the Fe / Ni duplex metal coordinating with the trimesic acid, for the metal organic framework material is obtained; (2) a standard three-electrode system is assembled by using foamed nickel as a working electrode, a silver / silver chloride saturated electrode as a reference electrode, a platinum sheet as a counter electrode and the solution prepared in the step (1) as the electrolyte; and (3) the standard three-electrode system assembled in the step (2) is connected to an electrochemical workstation, and the working electrode is taken out of the electrolyte, cleaned and dried after constant-potential electrodeposition is conducted, so that the electrocatalytic water-splitting oxygen production electrode is obtained.

The invention provides a cellulose / silver chloride composite material and a preparation method thereof. The cellulose / silver chloride composite material is quickly prepared by adopting microcrystalline cellulose, sliver salt and chlorine compound as the materials, adopting water as solvent and adopting an ultrasonic-wave treatment method. The cellulose / silver chloride composite material prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention is uniform in silver / silver chloride nanometer particle, capable of being uniformly distributed on a cellulose substrate and is extensive in application prospect in the antibacterial filed and the photocatalysis filed. Moreover, according to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the materials are cheap, the process is simple, the operation is convenient, the preparation is quick and the process conditions are easy to control, so that the production process is greatly simplified, the time is saved and the cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the preparation method is free of any expensive and complex equipment and is beneficial to the industrial popularization.

The invention discloses a comprehensive recycling process for polymetallic material containing gold and silver, belongs to the field of non-ferrous metal comprehensive recovery, and mainly comprises the following steps: ball-milling polymetallic material containing gold and silver, leaching bismuth, copper and tin from the polymetallic material by sulfuric acid leaching agent and ferric chloride, recovering the bismuth, copper and tin; retaining lead, gold and silver in the first leaching residue; and recovering the lead, gold and silver. According to the comprehensive recycling process provided by the invention, bismuth, copper and tin are leached from the polymetallic material by sulfuric acid leaching agent and ferric chloride, the oxidation of the ferric in the ferric chloride, and the chloride solution function of the chloride ion to bismuth and tin are creatively utilized, the addition of sulfuric acid and ferric chloride has the effect of changing silver oxide and silver sulfide into silver chloride, so as to reduce the chlorination step cost, and further reduce the dosage of sodium chlorate and hydrochloric acid, and the leaching rate of gold and silver is greatly improved accordingly. The comprehensive recycling process provided by the invention has the advantages that the technology is simple and practicable, the process is short, the device is simple, and the operation is convenient; and the adopted raw material is common, cheap and pollution free.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a metal organic framework-derived tricobalt tetroxide-modified titanium dioxide nanotube array. The method comprises the following steps: firstly performing pretreatment on a titanium sheet substrate material; performing electrochemical treatment on the treated titanium substrate material by using an ethylene glycol solution containing ammonium fluoride and water as an electrolyte, and performing calcination by using a muffle furnace to change a titanium dioxide crystal form; secondly, performing cobalt hydroxide electrodeposition by means of athree-electrode electrochemical workstation and by using cobalt nitrate hexahydrate as an electrolyte, a titanium dioxide nanotube array as a working electrode, a platinum sheet as a negative electrode and silver / silver chloride as a reference electrode; performing hydrothermal treatment on the titanium dioxide nanotube array to form ZIF-67 in situ; and finally, performing secondary calcination byusing a muffle furnace to obtain the ZIF-67-derived porous tricobalt tetroxide-modified titanium dioxide nanotube array. The method disclosed by the invention can effectively improve absorption capacity of TiO2 on visible light, promote separation of electron hole pairs, and improve photocatalytic degradation efficiency of organic pollutants.

A method for decomposing halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds or aromatic compounds characterized by contacting the compound to be decomposed with functional water under light irradiation, wherein the functional water is characterized by a hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of 1-4, an oxidation-reduction potential of 800-1500 mV (working electrode: platinum, reference electrode: silver-silver chloride) and a chlorine concentration of 5-150 mg / l, and the irradiation is carried out with light of a wavelength of 300 nm or more, with an intensity of 10 mW / cm.sup.2 or less. This method is carried out at room temperature under the atmospheric pressure. An apparatus for the method is also provided.

An electrically conductive fiber and a coupled biomedical sensor are described. An electrically conductive core of the fiber includes a multiplicity of synthetic conductive filaments and an outer nonconductive fiber layer. The sensor area of the electrically conductive fiber is coated by thin film of silver ink and thin film of silver-silver chloride ink. The electrically conductive fiber's porous surface contacts the thin silver ink coating and the silver coating contacts the silver-chloride ink coating. A surface of the biomedical sensor is coated by a thick film of ionically conductive media, containing an electrolyte, in contact with the silver-chloride coating. The electrolyte diffuses into a porous structure of electrically conductive yarn.

The invention discloses a comprehensive recovery method for platinum and palladium in silver anode slime. The method comprises the steps that the silver anode slime generated through silver electrolysis is subjected to nitric acid leaching in a reaction still for silver separating; the leaching conditions comprise that the mass concentration of a nitric acid solution is 30-40%, the liquid-solid ratio is 3-8:1, the temperature is 40-80 DEG C, and the time is 2-6 h; filtration is conducted after leaching, and silver separating solution and leaching residues are obtained; hydrochloric acid or sodium chloride is added into the silver separating solution for silver sedimentation, the reaction endpoint is reached when no white sediment exists, and silver chloride sediments and a silver sedimentation solution are obtained after filtration; a sedimentation agent is added into the silver sedimentation solution, platinum and palladium in the solution and a small amount of silver, lead, bismuth and copper are precipitated and recycled, and platinum and palladium concentrates and a platinum and palladium sedimentation solution are obtained after filtration. The leaching residues are chloridized for gold separating, a gold separating solution and gold separating slags are obtained, the gold separating solution is subjected to bismuth removal, a gold stock solution and bismuth sedimentation slags are obtained, and gold powder, a gold sedimentation solution and valuable metal such as associated silver, associated lead, associated bismuth and associated copper are further obtained. According to the method, the platinum and palladium in the silver anode slime can be recycled effectively through the sedimentation agent under the ambient temperature condition, and the platinum and palladium concentrates are obtained; meanwhile, the valuable metal such as associated gold, associated silver, associated lead, associated bismuth and associated copper are enriched and recycled, the comprehensive recycling of resources is achieved, the recycling level of the resources is improved, and the economic benefits are remarkable.

A process for preparing a combined miniature electrode used for cell measurement features that the capillary glass tubes are used to load the micron-class Ag wire, Pt wire and carbon fibre in a fine metallic tube by insulating enclosure. The capillary glass tube for carbon fibre or Pt wire is enclosed by fused paraffin wax. The capillary glass tube contains the saturated potassium chloride solution of silver chloride to become an enclosed reference electrode.

The invention discloses a three-electrode integrated electrochemical sensor based on a microelectrode array. The sensor comprises the bismuth film modified microelectrode array (gold working electrode), a silver / silver chloride electrode (reference electrode) and a platinum electrode (counter electrode). The three electrodes are prepared through a standard MEMS technology, and multiple discs at equal intervals are evenly distributed on the gold electrode to serve as the microelectrode array. In the electrochemical detection process, heavy metal gathering and dissolving-out reacting occur on the microelectrode array, and the surface of the microelectrode array is modified with a bismuth film in order to increase the detection type of heavy metal and expand the detection range of the heavy metal. The surface of the silver electrode is electroplated with silver chloride to form the Ag / AgCl reference electrode. The platinum electrode serves as the counter electrode and forms an access with the working electrode. Difference pulse stripping voltammetry is utilized for determining the concentration of the heavy metal, and a result shows that the sensor is high in detection sensitivity, low in detection limit and high in signal-to-noise ratio; the sensor is easy and convenient to operate, needs a small quantity of samples, can be used for rapidly detection heavy metal on site and is capable of efficiently monitoring environmental pollution in real time.

The invention discloses a construction method of a cuprous oxide membrane-based enzyme free-oxygen sensitive glucose photo electrochemical sensor. The construction method comprises the following steps: with an ITO conductive glass as a working electrode, a platinum wire as a counter electrode and a silver / silver chloride electrode as a reference electrode, inserting the three electrodes into a sodium hydroxide solution containing 0.05mol / L copper sulfate and 0.1mol / L sodium citrate, and regulating a pH value to be 11; under the conditions that the deposition temperature is 60 DEG C, the deposition potential is -0.4V and the deposition time is 20 minutes, forming a cuprous oxide membrane on the surface of the ITO conductive electrode; and rinsing residual solution on the surface with pure water, drying for 1h at the temperature of 100 DEG C, and forming a stable cuprous oxide membrane-based photocathode. According to the construction method disclosed by the invention, photocurrent detection based on light excitation is low in detection signal background and can have high detection sensitivity and stability without needing expensive instrument and equipment and complex sample treatment.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a metallic submicron microsphere array film and an electric deposition device. The method comprises the following steps of: vertically self-assembling polystyrene microspheres to obtain an ordered microsphere array film grown on conductive glass, synthesizing a silicon dioxide macroporous nano net by using the ordered microsphere array film as an initial template and adopting a sol-gel method, and obtaining the metallic submicron microsphere array film attached to the conductive glass by using the nano net as a second-step template and adopting an electrochemical deposition method. The electric deposition device comprises a glass tube filled with electroplating liquid; a tube orifice is sealed by using a plug containing platinum opposite electrodes and a silver / silver chloride reference electrode on the upper part of the glass tube; and the lower part of the glass tube is connected with an inverse opal film attached to the surface of the conductive glass through an O-shaped gasket and fixed on the inverse opal film. The method solves the problem of difficulty in preparing the high-ordered metallic microsphere array film, and lays a foundation for researching three-dimensional photonic band gap performance of a metallic microsphere array, particularly silver spheres with special optical property.

The inorganic antiseptic consists of zinc oxide with semiconductor characteristic and Ag ion, where the Ag ion is in the mass fraction of 0.1-10 %, and the zinc oxide is one or several kinds of four-needle zinc oxide whisker, nanometer zinc oxide and common zinc oxide powder. The Ag ion is provided by one or several kinds of silver nitrate, silver carbonate, silver sulfate, silver chloride and sliver oxide, and is carried in the lattice of zinc oxide by means of high temperature solid solution technology. The inorganic antiseptic of the present invention has wide antiseptic spectrum, high efficiency, lasting antiseptic effect and high safety, and is suitable for food packing, building material, medical equipment, fabric, sanitary article and other fields.

The invention discloses a method for preparing high pure gold and enriching silver, platinum and palladium from silver anode mud. The process of separating silver with nitric acid, recycling silver, platinum and palladium with silver-enriched liquid, decomposing silver separating slag with aqua regia and preparing high pure gold with a one-time unsaturation reduction method is adopted and comprises the steps: leaching the silver anode mud with nitric acid to obtain separated silver, adding sodium chloride into the silver separating liquid to deposit the silver to obtain silver chloride sediment and silver depositing liquid, adding iron powder into the silver chloride sediment for replacement, returning the crude silver back to a Kaldo furnace for melting, and adding sodium hydrogen sulfite into the silver depositing liquid to reduce, deposit and recycle platinum and palladium; performing gold separating on the silver separating slag with aqua regia to obtain gold separating liquid and gold separating slag, performing the iron powder replacement step on the gold separating slag, adding the sodium hydrogen sulfite into the gold separating liquid to perform unsaturation reduction to obtain gold powder and gold depositing liquid, washing, drying and ingotting the gold powder to obtain a product gold ingot, and adding the sodium hydrogen sulfite into the gold depositing liquid to reduce and recycle the platinum and palladium for the second time to obtain the crude gold powder, and returning back to the previous steps. The method solves the problems of long leaching flow, high agent cost, complex operation, more devices and low recycle rate of the silver anode mud.

The invention aims at providing an electrochemical sensor for sensitively detecting heavy metal cadmium ions and a preparation method of the electrochemical sensor. The structure of the sensor is formed by an electrochemical workstation, an electrolytic cell and electrodes; the electrodes include a platinum wire counter electrode, a silver / silver chloride reference electrode and a working electrode, wherein the working electrode refers to a glassy carbon electrode adopting nitrogen-sulfur codoping and graphite porous carbon / Nafion / bismuth film modification. The electrochemical sensor can realize sensitive detection of trace heavy metal cadmium ions, the detection linear range is 4-80 micrograms / L, and the detection limit reaches 0.1 microgram / L. By combining with good properties of a bismuth film, a Nafion film and a nitrogen-sulfur codoped porous carbon material, the electrochemical sensor has the performances of high sensitivity, good selectivity, wide linear range, good reproducibility, good stability and the like and can be applied to detecting the heavy metal cadmium ions in an actual water sample.

Anti-microbial lyocell fibres incorporate an anti-microbial composition which comprises a silver compound deposited on a support material in the form of porous particles having an extended surface area and comprising an oxidic material which is essentially insoluble in water and incapable of forming hydrates. A preferred composition is silver chloride on titanium dioxide particles. The anti-microbial effect is durable to processing and the fibres are not adversely discoloured. Low concentrations of the anti-microbial composition of below 0.1 percent by weight on weight of cellulose may be used. In the process of making the fibres, the anti-microbial composition preferably is added to the pasty pre-mix of the spinning solution.

A process for preparing antibiotic ABS product includes bal-grinding inorganic antibiotic powder containing nanosilicon dioxide and silver chloride as well as cladded by titanium dioxide with polymethyl methyl acrylate for obtaining inorganic antibiotic composite micropowder, adding prepared composite micropowder into ABS resin for producing antibiotic high polymer product through mixing and processing.

The invention relates to the technical field of quick detection of soil nutrient and discloses a sensor array for quickly detecting soil nitrate nitrogen. The sensor array comprises a silver-silver chloride reference electrode and multiple polypyrrole polymer sensitive film sensors; the reference electrode and the multiple sensors are arranged in parallel; and each sensor comprises a substrate and a polypyrrole polymer film which is located on the substrate and is doped with nitrate radical. The invention also provides a method for detecting nitrate nitrogen content by utilizing the sensor array. According to the invention, the problems such as undesirable selectivity and the like in the conventional polyvinyl chloride ion selective electrode for the soil nitrate nitrogen detection sensor can be solved.

The invention relates to a method for preparing high-purity silver from silver-containing waste liquid. The method comprises the following steps of: adding a silver participating agent into the silver-containing waste liquid, and filtering and washing to obtain silver slime with high sliver content; adding acid and surfactant into the obtained silver slime for oxidation; adding sodium chloride solution into the obtained filtrate to participate the silver again; filtering and washing to obtain high-purity silver chloride solid; dissolving the silver chloride solid in any one of aqueous solution of ammonia and solution of ammonium carbonate; adding any one of hydrazine hydrate, ascorbic acid, and glucose into the obtained silver-containing solution for reduction; filtering and washing to obtain high-purity silver powder; and drying the pure silver powder and casting ingot to obtain a high-purity silver ingot. Equipment is simple, the method is easy to operate, investment is small, production cost is low, silver yield is high, a product has high quality, and the method can be easily industrially implemented.

Method for electrochemically detecting different oxidant and halide anion species in a sample. According to one embodiment, the method uses a sensor including a boron-doped diamond working electrode, a platinum mesh counter electrode, a silver / silver chloride reference electrode, a potentiostat coupled to the three electrodes, and a computer coupled to the potentiostat. The sensor measures current resulting from differential pulse non-stripping voltammetry, thereby enabling different oxidants and halide anions from a plurality of such species to be detected by distinct responses. Peaks in the current signal result at characteristic voltages when a species is oxidized to a higher oxidation state, and the concentration of a particular species is determined by the magnitude of the current peak. The sensor response time is rapid and shows high sensitivity and selectivity for oxidants and halide anions. The sensor may be a hand-held or in-line device and may be used in a feedback-control system.