84 results about "Bond length" patented technology

A semiconductor chip (102) assembled on a substrate (101). The substrate has a first surface (101a) including conductive traces (110), which have a first length (111) and a first width (112), the first width being uniform along the first length, and further a pitch (114) to respective adjacent traces. The semiconductor chip has a second surface (102a) including contact pads (121); the second surface faces the first surface spaced apart by a gap (130). A conductive pillar (140) contacts each contact pad; the pillar includes a metal core (141) and a solder body (142), which connects the core to the respective trace across the gap. The pillar core (141) has an oblong cross section of a second width (151) and a second length (152) greater than the second width. Trace pitch (141) is equal to or smaller than twice the second width (151). The trace pitch is equal to or smaller than the second length (152).

Provided is a lead frame package with an expansion plane to minimize electrical parasitics introduced into the semiconductor chip's electrical system (e.g., power delivery system, signal loops, etc.). Also provided are methods for assembling such lead frame packages into various semiconductor packages. Generally, a lead frame package includes a down set die attach pad over an underlying bottom plate. Both the die attach pad and the bottom plate may be used as intermediary connections for either power or ground connections. As compared to conventional lead frame package having an intermediary connection, the lead frame packages of the present invention can provide for any combination of shorter wire bond lengths, more wire bond connections, improved power delivery system, or reduced amounts of electrical parasitics.

The invention relates to a method for anchoring a load (26) to an anchorage (30) utilising at least one unitary anchoring tendon (10) including a plurality of tensile elements (12) each having a free length (14) and a bond length (18). The tendon is located lengthwise in a bore (34) formed through the load into the anchorage, and different groups (G1, G2, G3) of the strands of the tendon are tensioned in a predetermined sequence to a respective initial displacement length prior to the different groups being collectively tensioned to a respective final displacement length to anchor the load.

The invention discloses an insect characteristic parameter inversion method based on the characteristic values of a polarization power matrix. The research on the polarization invariants of a polarization scattering matrix shows that the two characteristic values lambda 1 and lambda 2 (lambda 1 >= lambda 2) of a Graves power matrix have a strong correlation with the body length and body weight oflarge insects and small insects. On the basis, a method for inverting the body length and body weight of insects using lambda 1 of large insects and lambda 2 of small insects is presented, and a method for distinguishing between large insects and small insects is given. The measurement of body length parameters of insects is realized for the first time. The error of body weight inverted using themethod of the invention is lower than the error of body weight inverted using the traditional method. The ability of VLR (Vertical Looking Radar) to measure the biological parameters of insects is significantly enhanced. The ability to identify the species of migratory insects will be greatly improved. The method is of great significance to the research on the air ecological system and the management of insect pests.

Processes and formulations are provided that are capable of protecting, stabilizing, and/or topically delivering one or more bio-affecting compounds. More particularly, the invention relates to processes of making a composition having a host compound capable of accepting one or more bio-affecting guest compounds, and new compositions formed by the processes. The processes and formulations can be used to protect and stabilize bio-affecting compounds of widely-different solubility characteristics. The processes include formulating a host composition having a host capable of accepting a guest, the processes comprising mixing, in any order: (i) a non-ionic surfactant s elected from the group consisting of compounds having a chemical structure: where "-CH-O-CH-" represents an epoxide group, where Ra and Rb are hydrocarbons that can be the same or different, where at least one of the Ra and Rb hydrocarbons includes an epoxide group within 3 carbons of the hydrocarbon attachment to contribute to the desired hydrolypid balance of 7-9, where Rc is hydrogen or a methyl group, and where Rd is a methylene group (-CH2-), an ethyl group (-CH2-CH2-), or a structurally equivalent link with a bond length range about the same as or shorter than that provided by an ethyl group, and having a hydro-lipid balance in the range of 7-9; (ii) an amphoteric surfactant selected from the group consisting of organic compounds having the chemical formula NH3-R-COOH, where R is a straight, branched, or aromatic hydrocarbon structure having 6-24 carbons; (iii) a solvent for the amphoteric surfactant; (iv) an aromatic selected from the group consisting of compounds having at least one aromatic five or six-member ring; (v) an aluminum cation; (vi) a Lewis acid that is not a Bronsted-Lowry acid; and (vii) a Bronsted-Lowry acid. According to a further aspect of the invention, one or more compounds are selected to be sequentially mixed with the host composition to form a stable molecular environment, which is sometimes referred to herein as a process of molecular stacking.

The invention relates to processes of making a composition having a host compound capable of accepting one or more bio-affecting guest compounds, and compositions formed by the processes. The processes comprise mixing, in any order: (i) a non-ionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of compounds having chemical structure (I) where "-CH-O-CH-" represents an epoxide group, where Ra and Rb are hydrocarbons that can be the same or different, where at least one of the Ra and Rb hydrocarbons includes an epoxide group within 3 carbons of the hydrocarbon attachment to contribute to the desired hydrolipid balance of 7-9, where Rc is hydrogen or a methyl group, and where Rd is a methylene group, and ethyl group, or a structurally equivalent link with a bond length range about the same as or shorter than that provided by an ethyl group, and having a hydro-lipid balance in the range 7-9; (ii) an amphoteric surfactant selected from the group consisting of organic compounds having the chemical formula NH3-R-COOH, where R is a straight, branched, or aromatic hydrocarbon structure having 6-24 carbons; (iii) a solvent for the amphoteric surfactant; (iv) an aromatic selected from the group consisting of compounds having at (I) least one aromatic five or six-member ring; (v) an aluminum cation; (vi) a Lewis acid that is not a Bronsted-Lowry acid; and (vii) a Bronsted-Lowry acid.

A quantum limit catalyst. The quantum limit corresponds to a size domain in which material properties are no longer constrained by the structure and bonding requirements imposed by the macroscopic length scale. The instant quantum limit catalyst is comprised of atomic aggregations whose dimensions correspond to the quantum limit. In the quantum limit, the atomic aggregations acquire structural configurations and electronic interactions not attainable in the macroscopic limit. The structural configurations possible in the quantum limit correspond to atomic aggregations having bond lengths, bond angles, topologies and coordination environments that differ from those found in the macroscopic limit. The electronic interactions possible in the quantum limit originate from wavefunction overlap and tunneling between atoms and lead to modifications in the magnitude and/or spatial distribution of electron density at catalytic sites to provide improved catalytic properties. The modifications in electron density and wavefunction characteristics (overlap and directionality) achieved in the quantum limit provide, in effect, “new” or “virtual” chemical elements whose structure and bonding deviate from those associated with the “standard” chemical elements of conventional materials. Combinations of virtual elements provide virtual alloys having structures and properties not available in conventional alloys. Representative quantum limit catalysts include materials comprised of quantum scale atomic aggregations of metal atoms. The aggregations include one or more metals and have sizes in the angstrom scale range. Examples including catalysts derived from Fe, Mg, V and Co are disclosed. Catalytic properties are exemplified in the context of hydrogen storage. Methods that may be used to prepare quantum limit catalysts include sonochemical synthesis, thermal decomposition, and reduction.

The invention belongs to the technical field of luminescent materials, and particularly relates to borosilicate rare earth luminescent microcrystalline glass, and a preparation method and applicationthereof. The chemical composition of the borosilicate rare earth luminescent microcrystalline glass is aMO.bLn<2>O<3>.cB<2>O<3>.dSiO<2>.eAl<2>O<3>: xBi, yGe, zRE. According to the invention, rare earth ions including RE, Bi, Ge, Al and the like are doped into the microcrystalline glass, and a crystal field around the rare earth ions is further adjusted by utilizing different ion radiuses, coordination potentials, bond types, bond lengths, coordination numbers and the like of the rare earth ions, so the control of color and luminous intensity is facilitated; and through sensitization of Bi ionsto other rare earth ions (such as Tb<3+>, Eu<3+>, Tm<3+>, Dy<3+> and the like), the microcrystalline glass has higher luminous intensity and can be applied to LED luminescent devices.

The invention relates to a construction method and application for a food-borne polypeptide antioxidant activity three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship model. The method comprises the steps of using a food-borne polypeptide with known activity as a research object, utilizing the three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship technology for establishing the food-borne polypeptide antioxidant activity three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship model, and adopting the MM+ method the semi-empirical quantum chemistry method AM1, the DFT method and other quantum chemistry technologies to obtain quantum chemistry parameters. According to the construction method, analysis and statistics are carried out on the food-borne polypeptide quantum chemistry parameters, the antioxidant activity sites of the food-borne polypeptide are determined, and quantitative structure-activity model is constructed by utilizing the bond length, charge distribution, frontier molecular orbit energy parameters of the activity sites and food-borne polypeptide antioxidant activity values. The constructed model can rapidly and accurately predict the activity value of the food-borne polypeptide with the unknown activity, and the relationship between the antioxidant activity and structural features can be reasonably explained; compared with a traditional high throughput screening technology, the screening efficiency is greatly improved, and the cost is reduced.

The invention discloses heteropolycopper niobate, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in photocatalytic degradation of dye wastewater, and belongs to the technical field of synthesis and photocatalysis of polyniobate. The key points of the technical scheme are as follows: the molecular formula of the heteropolycopper niobate is H6[Cu(en)2]4[CuNb12O40(VO)2].7H2O; in a polyanion [CuNb12O40(VO)2]14, the bond length of the Cu-O bonds of central heteroatomic copper and surrounding oxygen atoms are 1.728A'; two V4+ cover caps are located at the two poles of the polyanion; in a cationic complex [Cu(en)2]2+, the bond length of the Cu-N bond is 2.022 A'; and each polyanion is respectively connected with four cationic complex through Cu-O(t) bonds. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the heteropolycopper niobate and application of the heteropolycopper niobate in the photocatalytic degradation of dye wastewater. The heteropolycopper niobate prepared in the invention is the first heteropoly niobate which regards late transition metal as a heteroatom, is simple in synthesis process and low in cost, is absorbed in a UV region and a visible light region, and has relatively good application prospect in the field of photocatalysis.

The invention discloses preparation for a lead-MOF complex with fluorescent performance. The lead-MOF complex has a molecular formula of [Pb(L)0.5(DMA)(H2O)].DMA.2H2O, a structure of the complex belongs to a monoclinic crystal system C2/c space group, a basic structural unit of the crystal is obtained by symmetric operation of asymmetric units, a symmetric operation code is <1>-1/2+X, -1/2+Y, +Z;<2>1/2+X, 1/2+Y, +Z; <3>1-X, 1-Y, 1-Z, the asymmetric units have a 1/2 coordination ligand, a Pb<2+>, a coordinated DMA molecule, the Pb<2+> adopts a five-coordination mode, wherein four oxygen atomsare respectively from two different perylene derivative ligands, and another oxygen atom is from the coordinated DMA molecule DMA molecule, and an average bond length of Pb-O is shown in the description. The lead-MOF complex disclosed by the invention has the advantages of controllable preparation of the fluorescent complex

The invention discloses an evaluation method for simulating oil-water interface characteristics of an alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant based on molecular dynamics. The method comprises establishing amolecular structure model of alkylbenzene sulfonate by adopting software; then, performing quantum chemistry calculation by utilizing software to obtain optimized molecular conformation and all-atomic structure charge parameters of alkylbenzene sulfonate; optimizing the molecular structure of alkylbenzene sulfonate to obtain optimized molecular topological structure parameters of the bond length,the bond angle and the dihedral angle; establishing a system model of oil-phase molecules, water molecules and alkylbenzene sulfonate by utilizing molecular accumulation software; and finally carrying out molecular dynamics calculation on a simulation system by utilizing molecular dynamics calculation software to evaluate the oil-water interface characteristics of alkylbenzene sulfonate. According to the method, the oil-water interface microcosmic action mechanism of the alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant for chemical flooding can be clarified from molecular and atomic scales, and certain theoretical guidance is provided for application of alkylbenzene sulfonate in the field of oilfield chemical flooding.

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical grade polyester films, and particularly relates to a light weather resistant optical grade PET rigid film. The hardening film is prepared from the raw materials of UV curing resin, a photoinitiator, polytetrafluoroethylene, organosilane, montmorillonoid, n-hexadecane, diiodomethane and cyclohexanone, the hardening film adopts UV curing hardening liquid, thus the hardness of the hardening film is large on the basis of the small thickness, the screen protection ability is high, the polytetrafluoroethylene, the organosilane and the montmorillonoid make surface energy of the hardening film low, thus the hardening film is prevented from being deformed by influence of the low temperature, a silicon oxygen bond in the organosilane has long bond length, large bond angle and easy internal rotation, molecules are helical, methyl groups are arranged outwardly and rotated around the silicon oxygen bond, the surface energy is very low, the good hydrophobic and oleophobic properties are achieved, the surface of the hardening film is not prone to being dirty, and the visual effect of a screen is affected to the low extent while the screen isprotected.

A chiral molecule can be defined as a molecule that has a non-superimposable mirror image. These mirror images can be referred to as enantiomers. The enantiomers generally have the same set of bond lengths and bond angles in their three-dimensional geometry. Apparatus and techniques described herein can be used to perform analysis of chiral molecules using cavity-enhanced molecular rotational spectroscopy. A sample cell can define a resonant cavity, and a sample introduction port can provide pulse jet injection of an analyte molecule and a chiral tag to allow analysis of a complex comprising the analyte and chiral tag.

The invention discloses a lanthanide series metal-organic framework material with excellent second harmonic performance and a preparation method thereof. The chemical formula of the material is M(L)<x>(G)<y>, wherein M is a metal atom, L is a flexible organic ligand containing a hexacarboxylic acid group, and G is a solvent molecule. The material is prepared by adopting a solvothermal method. Thelanthanide series metal-organic framework material disclosed by the invention has a non-centrosymmetric C121 space group, so the lanthanide series metal-organic framework material has second harmonicperformance, and the highest second harmonic performance can reach 4 times or more of the second harmonic performance of a potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystal. In general, the strength of SHG of La-Tb-MOFs shows a rising trend along with the increase of a metal atomic number, and experiments find that the SHG of La-Tb-MOFs is inversely related to average coordination bond length; that is, the SHG of La-Tb-MOFs is consistent with the electron push-and-pull capacity of the metal atom; and MOFs with sizes of 170-300 meshes show optimal SHG performance under various pumping wavelengths.

The invention provides a blue light-ultraviolet continuously-adjustable aluminate fluorescent powder and a preparation method thereof. A Si-N bond is substituted for a Al-O bond; after the substitution, the internal structure of the fluorescent powder is improved; and thus, the luminescent spectrum of the fluorescent powder is continuously adjustable from blue light to ultraviolet light according to different substitution proportions. The fluorescent powder is more stable due to the doping of the Si-N key. The Si-N bond and Al-O bond have similar bond lengths, Si and Al, and O and N have similar bonding characteristics according to the diagonal line principle, so the Al-O bond in the aluminate-base fluorescent powder can be easily partially substituted by the Si-N bond; according to the charge compensation effect, after (SiN)+ is substituted for (AlO)+, the charge balance can be maintained; the bond length of the Si-N bond is slightly smaller than that of the Al-O bond, so that the matrix lattice constant is reduced, the cell volume is correspondingly reduced, and the atomic arrangement in the matrix is closer; and N with relatively smaller electronegativity can stabilize the Ce<2+>, so the material stability and light-emitting stability of the fluorescent powder are enhanced.