The invention discloses a wide-breadth pole piece two-sided position-sleeving coating machine for a power battery and a supercapacitor. The coating machine comprises a control unit, an unwinding unit,a high-voltage discharge processing device, a front coating device, a lower drying tunnel, a back coating device, an upper drying tunnel and a winding unit, wherein the unwinding unit, the high-voltage discharge processing device, the front coating device, the lower drying tunnel, the back coating device, the upper drying tunnel and the winding unit are arranged in sequence along a movement direction of a metal foil; the high-voltage discharge processing device includes a high-voltage box body, a negative pressure ventilation device, a high-voltage source and a plurality of long-stripped discharge electrodes; the metal foil is wound on a high-voltage discharge roll; the discharge electrodes are arranged at a front end of an opening of the high-voltage box body, and are arranged at the periphery of the high-voltage discharge roll in parallel along an axial direction of the high-voltage discharge roll; a negative pressure air outlet is formed at a rear end of the high-voltage box body;and the air outlet communicates with the negative pressure ventilation device outside. According to the coating machine, based on core technologies such as high-voltage discharge surface processing, multi-stage tension control, segmental cascaded baking and material particle trowelling, the front and back coating for an aluminum foil and a copper foil whose breadth is 1.5m, working speed is 150m / min and position-sleeving precision is plus or minus 0.3mm are implemented.