mVSV virus vector, that is, the attenuated mVSV obtained after multiple modifications and mutations at the amino acid sites of the M protein of the wild Indiana strain VSV, and the preferred heterologous antigen gene is preferentially integrated into the double cloning site region of the mVSV packaging core plasmid pmVSV‑Core A kind of mVSV virus vector vaccine, including the heterologous antigen gene of fusion or chimeric target virus in the mVSV vector envelope G and L gene, the antigen gene comprises the antigen gene encoding the chimeric target virus envelope, Chimeric combined antigen gene or fused antigen gene; mVSV viral vector chimerized or fused the dominant antigen of the spike protein S of the COVID‑19 virus pathogen, and the dominant antigen is preferably from the receptor binding structure of the spike protein S The domain is RBD, forming a new crown pneumonia vaccine based on mVSV, which has a good preventive or therapeutic effect on patients infected with the new crown pneumonia virus.