The invention provides a time-resolved single-
photon counting two-dimensional imaging
system and a time-resolved single-
photon counting two-dimensional imaging method and belongs to the technical field of extremely-weak
light detection. A trigger 2 is triggered to start sampling, centralized sampling is performed at t time intervals, and measurement and counting are performed if light comes at the intervals, so that time resolving of an extremely-weak light object is realized, and a
time sequence image is generated. Imaging is performed on the basis of a compressive sensing (CS) theory, a digital micro-mirror device (DMD5) performs linear
random projection on a compressible two-dimensional image, the compressible two-dimensional image is optically modulated and then synchronously detected by using a single-
photon counter, and a high-resolution extremely-weak light image can be reconstructed by a small amount of sampling operation. The measurement process is linear and non-adaptive, the reconstruction process is non-linear, and the invention has the advantages of high generality, robustness, expandability, superposition and computation
asymmetry, and can be widely applied to the fields of life science,
medical imaging,
data acquisition, communication,
astronomy, military affairs, hyper-
spectral imaging and
quantum measurement.