341 results about "Hydrolytic Process" patented technology

A process for the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose to produce a hydrolysis product comprising glucose from a pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock and enzymes for use in the process are provided. The process comprises hydrolyzing an aqueous slurry of a pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock with cellulase enzymes, one or more than one β-glucosidase enzyme and a binding agent for binding the β-glucosidase enzyme to fiber solids present in the aqueous slurry. During the hydrolysis, both the cellulase enzyme and β-glucosidase enzyme bind to the fiber solids. The hydrolysis is performed in a solids-retaining hydrolysis reactor so that unhydrolyzed fiber solids and bound enzyme are retained in the reactor longer than the aqueous phase of the slurry.

An organic liquid evaporation system is disclosed. The organic liquid evaporation system comprises a housing having at least one inlet and at least one outlet. At least a first evaporator plate radially extending from a sidewall of the housing, and at least a second evaporator plate radially extending from a sidewall of the housing define a serpentine flow path within the housing. A heating source is in thermal communication with the first evaporator plate and the second evaporator plate, wherein the heating source provides heat to the first and second evaporator plates to evaporate organic liquid introduced within the inlet to produce a vapor through the outlet. A method for preparing powder pre-forms and oxide soot using the organic liquid evaporation system is also disclosed.

The invention discloses a high-magnetic heavy-metal ion adsorbent carrying conductive high molecules and a preparation method thereof. The adsorbent comprises high-magnetic microspheres carrying conductive high molecules, each of which comprises a Fe3O4 polycrystal sphere cluster, an amorphous SiO2 protective layer and a polypyrrole adsorption outer layer from inside to outside. The preparation method of the adsorbent is realized in a way that: carrying out a solvent thermal reduction reaction on soluble ferrites to obtain the Fe3O4 magnetic sphere cluster; carrying out the basic hydrolysis by using tetraethoxysilane to obtain the Fe3O4-SiO2 nuclear shell sphere cluster; and finally, carrying out the free radical polymerization reaction on the pyrrole monomers to obtain the Fe3O4-SiO2-polypyrrole functional particles. The heavy-metal ion adsorbent has the characteristics of stable property, high adsorption rate and reproducibility, has favorable adsorption and recovery properties on dichromic ions, and has the advantages of simple preparation process, low material price and no environmental pollution. Compared with the normal chemical absorbent, the product of the invention is convenient to use and achieves the effects of waste water treatment, pollution abatement and environment protection.

The invention discloses a production method of liquid medlar. Firstly, medlar pulp is prepared, and then liquid medlar is prepared according to the following technical steps: facilitating composite hydrolysis by ultrasonic wave, filtering, or centrifugal separating, strengthening membrane separation by ultrasonic wave, filling and sterilizing, wherein, in the process of facilitating composite enzymolysis by ultrasonic wave, ultrasonic frequency is 20 to 80 kHz, and power is 50 to 300 W, and complex enzyme which is adopted is the compound of 1 part by weight of pectase, 1.5 parts by weight of proteinase and 2.5 parts by weight of cellulase; enzyme adding amount is 0.01 to 0.15% of the total material quantity, enzymolysis temperature is 40 to 65 DEG C, and enzymolysis time is from 15 to 120 minutes. In the hydrolytic process of complex enzyme, the production method of liquid medlar is promoted by ultrasonic technology, which shortens enzymolysis reaction time for 50% and reduces enzyme adding amount by 20%, so that the production method can obviously improve enzymolysis efficiency and lower production cost.

The disclosure relates to a process for the preparation of a sugar product from lignocellulosic material, comprising the following steps:a) optionally, pretreatment of the lignocellulosic material;b) optionally, washing of the optionally pretreated lignocellulosic material;c) enzymatic hydrolysis of the optionally washed and / or optionally pretreated lignocellulosic material in a hydrolysis reactor using an enzyme composition comprising at least two cellulase; andd) optionally, recovery of a sugar product;wherein during the enzymatic hydrolysis oxygen-containing gas is added to the lignocellulosic material in the hydrolysis reactor and wherein part of the oxygen-containing gas, added to the lignocellulosic material, is gas originating from the headspace of the reactor,preferably during part of the time of the enzymatic hydrolysis less oxygen is added to the lignocellulosic material compared to the other part of the time of the enzymatic hydrolysis, or preferably during part of the time of the enzymatic hydrolysis no oxygen is added to the lignocellulosic material.

The invention provides a process system for no residual sludge emission in the treatment of municipal sewage, which belongs to a sewage treatment process. The process flow is as follows: the municipal sewage in an adjusting tank orderly is subjected to anoxic biological treatment, microaerophilic biological treatment and aerobic biological treatment, and then orderly undergoes coagulation air-flotation treatment, quartz sand treatment, biological active carbon filtration and subsequent UV sterilization disinfection treatment, and reused as non-potable household water. The process has the advantages of eliminating the odor pollution such as H2S generated in the anaerobic hydrolysis process by the prior A / O method, reducing aeration amount, saving energy consumption, lowering sewage treatment cost, recycling sewage, not causing secondary pollution, completely refluxing the treated system sludge to the anoxic tank, performing the sludge treatment and the sewage biological treatment in the same system, conveniently operating and managing, realizing the residual sludge emission of the system, and improving the discharged water quality of the original treatment system.

The invention provides a method of using TiCl4 to prepare a high-activity double-effect crystal seed and control titanium dioxide particle size. Specifically, the method employs TiCl4 as a raw material, a precipitate is prepared through a certain proportion and rapid neutralization of a dilute base solution, the precipitate is subjected to peptizing, curing and quenching and then is adjusted to have a proper pH value, then soluble salt compositions are removed through washing, so that the high-activity double-effect crystal seed, which is applied to hydrolysis process and calcining process of production of sulfuric-acid-process titanium dioxide, is prepared. The prepared crystal seed is uniform in particle size and high in activity, and also during application of hydrolysis of a titanium solution, by adjusting the addition amount of the seed crystal and cooperating with addition of a proper salt treating agent and control on calcining intensity, rutile type titanium dioxide with different particle sizes can be prepared, and thus the particle size demands on different products are satisfied. The preparation technology is simple, not high in equipment investment and high in operation controllability, and the prepared double-effect crystal seed is capable of producing titanium dioxide hydrate primary particles with uniform particle size, so that the uniformity of calcined product particle size is guaranteed, and optical performances and pigment performances of titanium dioxide are perfectly exhibited.

A mixture containing fatty acid glycerides which has a high percentage content of PUFA acyl groups and a low percentage content of saturated fatty acid acyl groups is described. A process which enables the PUFA acyl groups in a mixture containing fatty acid glycerides (for example a fish oil) to be enriched and, at the same time, the content of saturated fatty acid acyl groups to be maintained at a low content is described. The process is a hydrolytic process or an alcoholysis in which the fatty acid acyl groups to be enriched are hydrolytically or alcoholytically released from the fatty acid glycerides slowly, if at all, the process being carried out in the presence of a lipase.

The present invention relates to a continuous process for the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass and to an apparatus for conducting said process. According to the present invention, a steady state is achieved in a reactor in regard to the hydrolysis reaction. Therein, cellulosic biomass of a high total solids content (preferably 10% or higher, further preferably between 15 and 30%) is continually added to said reactor, while at least partially hydrolyzed cellulosic biomass is continually removed from said reactor. The steady state is adjusted, i.e. the amount of cellulosic biomass added and the amount of at least partially hydrolyzed cellulosic biomass removed is adjusted, so that the retention time of a given portion of added cellulosic biomass in the reactor is longer than its “liquefaction time”, i.e. the time period required to transform a solid slurry into a pumpable liquid during hydrolysis, i.e. the time required to lower the viscosity of the slurry to a value, which is acceptable for further processing.

The invention relates to a chitosan preparation method, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: 1) gas explosion swelling: loading chitin raw materials into a gas explosion swelling tank, injecting a gas explosion swelling medium which adopts one kind of materials of water vapor, water, ammonia water and ethanol, instantaneously releasing pressure in the gas explosion swelling tank, and spraying the chitin raw materials into a normal pressure container to obtain fine chitin materials; 2) hydrolysis; 3) filtration; 4) soaking and water washing; 5) filtration; and 6) drying. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the characteristics that the chitin pretreated by a gas explosion swelling method is adopted as raw materials, the raw materials have high chemical activity, and low reaction temperature and short reaction time can be adopted in the hydrolysis process, so the generation of the secondary reaction is inhabited, and the decomposition of the chitosan is avoided. Thereby, the invention has the following advantages: 1) the consumption of alkali and energy sources is little;2) the reaction time is short; 3) the yield is high; 4) the production cost is low; 5) the pollutant discharge is little; and 6) the product quality is stable.