297results about How to "Increase switching capacity" patented technology

The invention discloses a magnetic acrylic acid series strongly basic anion exchange microballoon resin and a preparation method thereof. The microballoon resin has the following structure: the resin skeleton is internally provided with magnetic particles, wherein A stands for a radical containing quaternary ammonium salt. The preparation method comprises the following steps: acrylic acid series substances serve as a monomer, the monomer is mixed with cross-linking agent and pore-forming agent to form oil phase; the oil phase is uniformly mixed with the magnetic particles and then suspension polymerization is carried out on the mixture; after going through amination and alkylation reaction, the polymerized magnetic polymer particles form the quaternary ammonium salt, namely the magnetic acrylic acid series strongly basic anion exchange microballoon resin. Exchange capacity of the resin is higher than any magnetic acrylic acid series strongly basic anion exchange microballoon resin ever found in existing literatures and reports and domestic market as well as foreign markets and can replace the traditional strongly basic anion exchange resin, thus being capable of being used for separating and removing soluble organisms in various water bodies, especially disinfection by-product precursor and multiple negative ions such as nitrate and phosphate.

The invention discloses functional fertilizer and repair agents for repairing soil heavy metal. Modified attapulgite, chitosan, biochar and sodium thiosulfate are compounded, and on one hand, the absorption performance of the attapulgite and the biochar and the chelation of the chitosan are used for fixing heavy metal ions in soil and preventing the heavy metal ions in the soil from migrating through leaching and runoff. On the other hand, the sodium thiosulfate is used for restoring the high-valence-state heavy metal ions (like hexavalent chromium ions) to low-valence-state ions (like trivalent chromic ions), and therefore virulence and solubleness of the ions are reduced.

The invention discloses a weak acid cation exchange microballoon resin of magnetic acrylic acid series and a synthesis method thereof, belonging to the field of magnetic resin. The method comprises the following steps of: evenly mixing magnetic particles with the size of 0.01-10mu m with an oil phase, carrying out suspension polymerization under a certain temperature and conditions, and hydrolyzing to finally form the weak acid cation exchange resin. The microballoon resin consists of weak acid cation exchange microballoon resin frames and the magnetic particles packaged therein, wherein the weight ratio of the resin frames to the magnetic particles is 1:(0.05-1), a basic structure formula of the resin frames is shown following the specification of the invention: wherein n can be 1,2,3......; the weak acid volume exchange capacity of the resin is 1.0-5.0mol / L, the average particle diameter thereof is 20-500mum, the specific saturation magnetization intensity thereof is 5.1-33.4emu / g, and the weak acid exchange capacity is 1.0-5.0mol / L. The microballoon resin of the invention can be used in treatment of various water bodies and used for removing ammonia nitrogen and a plurality of metal ions, such as calcium, magnesium, copper, nickel, cadmium, and the like.

Ozonized biochar compositions and methods for creating advanced hydrophilic biochar materials are provided with higher cation exchange capacity, optimized pH, improved wettability, and free of potential toxic components. These ozonized biochar compositions are used as filtration materials, as biochar soil additives and as carbon sequestration agents to help control climate change for energy and environmental sustainability on Earth.

The invention discloses a biological carbon soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof. The biological carbon soil conditioner mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of biological carbon, 10-25 parts of pumice and 20-45 parts of bentonite, wherein the biological carbon is obtained by performing anaerobic carbonization on at least one of crops straw, wooden meal, deadwood or deciduous leaves at the temperature of 300-1000 DEG C; and the biological carbon soil conditioner is prepared by the following the steps: mixing the raw materials, adding 15-35 parts of water by weight, stirring, extruding, pelletizing and packaging components. The invention can improve soil physicochemical property, enhance soil organic matter content and fertilizer utilization rate, and reduce carbon dioxide burst size.

The invention relates to the field of an ion exchange membrane used for a vanadium redox battery (VRB), in particular to a Nafion ion exchange membrane used for enhanced vanadium redox battery and a preparation method thereof. A Nafion ion exchange resin containing sulfonic group is taken as forming resin; the resin is dissolved into organic solvent to obtain forming solvent; and the Nafion ion exchange membrane is formed by the forming solvent; a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene mesh in the middle of the Nafion ion exchange membrane is taken as reinforcing material; or a layer of Nafion ion exchange membrane is arranged between two layers of polytetrafluoroethylene meshes. The membrane has high chemical stability and high current density, and compared with the Nafion membrane, the Nafion ion exchange membrane has higher mechanical strength, higher exchange capacity and lower cost, and the problems that the Nafion ion exchange membrane in the prior art has high exchange capacity and low mechanical strength or high mechanical strength and low exchange capacity are solved, and the Nafion ion exchange membrane is mainly applied to the vanadium redox battery (VRB).

A controlled release formulation for a cement-based composition can be produced by intercalating an admixture (e.g. an accelerator, a set retarder, a superplasticizer) for the cement-based composition into a layered inorganic material (e.g. a layered double hydroxide (LDH)). A cement-based composition containing a cement-based material (e.g. cement, mortar or concrete) and such a controlled release formulation has better workability, especially in respect of slump-loss characteristics. With such a formulation release of an admixture in a cement-based composition may be controlled.

Surface-oxygenated biochar compositions and sonication-ozonization methods create advanced hydrophilic biochar materials having higher cation exchange capacity, optimized pH, improved wettability, and toxin free components. These sonicated and ozonized biochar compositions are used as filtration materials for clean water and air, as phosphorus solubilizing reagents to mix with phosphate rock materials to make a slow-releasing phosphate fertilizer, as biochar soil additives to help solubilize phosphorus and reduce phosphorus fertilizer additions required to achieve desired soil phosphorus activity, crop uptake, and yield goals, as sand soilization reagents by utilizing their liquid gel-forming activity in the spaces among sand particles to retain water and nutrients and hold the sand particles together, as plant growth stimulants by using the humic acids-like surface-oxygenated biochar substances at a proper ppm concentration and as carbon sequestration agents to help control climate change for energy and environmental sustainability on Earth.

The invention relates to ecologic conditioner for salt-affected soil by the sea, and a preparation method and application of the ecologic conditioner. The ecologic conditioner comprises the following components by part by weight: 25 to 30 parts of exogenous beneficial microbial agent, 20 to 25 parts of soil beneficial microbial agent, and 5 to 10 parts of humic acid. The invention further provides the application of the ecologic conditioner in conditioning the salt-affected soil ecology by the sea. The ecologic conditioner can promote the formation of soil water-stable aggregates and improve soil texture, thereby promoting the building and the maintaining of soil beneficial microbiological communities; meanwhile, the ecologic conditioner can promote the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and microelements of crops, improve the utilization ratio of fertilizers, and buffer the manurial effect.

The invention relates to an extraction process for shikimic acid in fermentation liquor. The extraction process specially comprises the steps of conducting microfiltration on the fermentation liquor through a ceramic film to obtain filtrate, conducting exchange adsorption on the filtrate through anion exchange resin, then eluting the filtrate through acetic acid solution to obtain eluent, concentrating, destaining, crystallizing, crystal washing and drying the eluent to obtain finished shikimic acid. The process is simple and environment-friendly, and the finished shikimic acid extracted by the process is stable in quality, the purity of the finished shikimic acid is more than 98.5%, and the yield of the finished shikimic acid is more than 75%.

The invention relates to a fluoride-removal adsorbing material for removing fluorides in drinking water and in particular relates to an active aluminum oxide fluoride-removal adsorbing material with different surface characteristics as well as a preparation method and an application of the active aluminum oxide fluoride-removal adsorbing material. The active aluminum oxide fluoride-removal adsorbing material with different surface characteristics is obtained by carrying out the processes including sufficient chemical reaction, ageing, drying, grinding and the like into an aluminum salt aqueous solution, a chlorine salt aqueous solution and an alkali aqueous solution, wherein the specific preparation process parameters are determined by water quality chemical characteristics of to-be-treated water. Based on active aluminum oxide fluoride-removal adsorbing material with different surface characteristics, the actions including complexing, condensing and the like are carried out to transfer free fluorides in the water into complexing fluorides, so that the adsorbing performances of the active aluminum oxide fluoride-removal adsorbing material with different surface characteristics are greatly improved, the adsorbing period is prolonged and the operation cost is reduced. Fluorides in the drinking water are removed by adopting the method disclosed by the invention, so that the treated water can reach the national drinking water standards.

The invention discloses a multi-way parallel MAC address learning and address lookup device and method. The device comprises a receiving dispatching module, multi-way parallel lookup-table modules, a learning result polling module, a synchronous update table cache, an update module, an aging deleting module and an address selection module. The receiving dispatching module adds time identifiers to data subgroups sequentially and sends the subgroups to the multi-way parallel lookup-table modules. The modules carry out address learning and address lookup in parallel. The learning result polling module successively receives various ways of learning results and sends the learning results to the synchronous update table cache; the update module reads synchronous update table items and updates multi-way address tables at the same time; when the update module does not update the address tables, the address selection module selects connection with the aging deleting module; and the aging deleting module deletes the aged address tables. According to the method and the device, the switching capacity and working efficiency of a switch are improved; and the method and the device are applied to a high speed large capacity switch network.

The invention provides a high exchange capacity perfluorinated resin of two types of short side-radical sulfonyl fluoride with different structures and bromine side-radical. The resin is a polyprotonic copolymer comprising the following components in total molar fraction: 50-85 percent of tetrafluoroethylene polymerization unit, 5-49 percent of the polymerization unit of the two types of short side-radical sulfonyl fluoride vinyl ether provided with different structures, and1-10 percent of bromine side-radical vinyl ether polymerization unit. A perfluorinated ion exchange membrane prepared by the resin not only has resistance to various chemical reagents, but also has high ion exchange capacity, electric conductivity, mechanical strength and dimensional stability, low membrane resistance and long service life, and is suitable for usage in fuel cells or high-temperature fuel cells. The invention also provides a preparation method and applications of the resin.

The invention discloses a preparation process for catalyzing and synthesizing tert-butyl acrylate by using strong acid cation exchange resin as a catalyst, belonging to the technical field of organic synthesis. The preparation process is characterized by comprising the steps of: adding crylic acid, strong acid cation exchange resin, a polymerization inhibitor A and a polymerization inhibitor B into a closed reaction kettle, dropwise adding liquefied isobutene for carrying out esterification reaction; after dropwise adding is completed, carrying out thermal insulation; after the thermal insulation is finished, releasing the pressure of the closed reaction kettle, filtering, extracting a liquid component to enter a rectifying tower; and sequentially separating byproducts of tertiary butanol and diisobutylene and a target project of the tert-butyl acrylate. The preparation process has the beneficial effects that the liquefied isobutene is adopted to be directly catalyzed together with the crylic acid and the cation exchange resin under the action of the polymerization inhibitor A and the polymerization inhibitor B to form a specific catalysis system, gaseous isobutene is not needed to be dissolved in a solvent containing crylic acid for carrying out esterification reaction under the action of the catalyst, and thus the procedure of absorbing a solvent in subsequent operation is removed, resources are saved and procedures are saved.

A nanometre-class TiSi molecular sieve for removing pollutants of heavy metals and radioactive substance from environment and purifying nuclein has a mole formular Na1+ / -xTi1.5+ / -ySi1+ / -zO5, where x=0.01-0.2, y=0.1-0.5 and z=0.1-0.2. It is prepared from tetrabutyl titanate or tetraisopropyl titanate, ethyl n-silicate, sodium hydroxide and water jointly by the sol-gel method and the hydrothermal synthesis method. Its advantages are fine crystal grain, high reaction activity, low cost, high exchange capacity with radioactive elements and heavy metals, and high thermal stability and radioactive resistance.

A method of using micro-organisms to continuously and sustainably regenerate zeolite cation exchange capacity (CEC) for removing nitrogen (ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate) from wastewater. The zeolite immobilizes the ammonium ions, and the micro-organisms ingest the ammonium from the surface of the zeolite thereby freeing the cation exchange sites to trap more ammonium. The zeolite is continuously regenerated by the microbes, sustainably maintaining available ion exchange capacity for removing ammonium, and does not need to be shut down for regeneration or replacement. The microbial complex contains nitrifiers, anammox, denitrifiers, archaea, and others. All the micro-organisms co-exist in the same reactor promoting symbiotic interactions, thereby increasing treatment efficiency. The end product is di-nitrogen gas which dissipates into the atmosphere. The system does not require aeration, operates by gravity flow, and has very low energy requirements. Maintenance is minimal, and the system can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions (nitrous oxide).Notes: This document uses the terms ammonia and ammonium interchangeably, just as the compounds themselves are interchangeable (NH3+H+NH4+). In aquatic systems ammonia (NH3) is predominantly found in the ionic form as ammonium (NH4).

The invention discloses a novel ion exchange fiber and its application. The ion exchange fiber is directly prepared by directly selecting raw materials having ion exchange functions without obtaining functional groups through a chemical treatment of grafting. The preparation method of the ion exchange fiber is simple, is in favor of the industrialized continuous production of products, and has a low economic cost. The ion exchange fiber prepared in the invention has the advantages of large exchange capacity, fast elution and adsorption speed, and the like. The filament diameter and the exchange capacity of the ion exchange fiber prepared in the invention are 5-100mum and 3.0-5.8mmol / g respectively. The matrix fiber of the ion exchange fiber has good comprehensive performances comprising good mechanical performances, high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance and the like. The preparation method of the novel ion exchange fiber comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials comprising polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE) with a compatilizer according to a certain weight ratio, adjusting an optimum spinning temperature, and carrying out melt spinning to prepare the base material of the ion exchange fiber; and carrying out chemical treatment of the base material to prepare the cation exchange fiber having sulfonic groups. The novel ion exchange fiber can be widely applied to the environmental protection field, the medicine and health field, the metallurgical filed, the water treatment field, the chemical adsorption field, the resource recovery field and the like.

The invention relates to a method for synthesizing 4A molecular sieves by using bentonite and attapulgite as raw materials. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) performing acid activation on the bentonite; (2) activating the attapulgite at high temperature; (3) performing alkali treatment; (4) crystallizing; and (5) washing. According to the method, the bentonite and the attapulgite are used as the raw materials, and SiO2 in the bentonite and the attapulgite is used as a silicon source to prepare the 4A molecular sieves suitable for detergent additives. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that: environmental pollution and energy waste are reduced; the preparation cost of the 4A molecular sieves is reduced; process equipment is simple and is easy to control; and new ways for developing and utilizing the bentonite and the attapulgite are opened up.

The invention provides a high exchange capacity perfluorinated resin of two types of short side-radical sulfonyl fluoride with different structures and cyan side-radical. The resin is a polyprotonic copolymer comprising the following components in total molar fraction: 50-85 percent of tetrafluoroethylene polymerization unit, 5-49 percent of the polymerization unit of the two types of short side-radical sulfonyl fluoride vinyl ether with two different structures, and1-10 percent of cyan side-radical vinyl ether polymerization unit. A perfluorinated ion exchange membrane prepared by the resin not only has resistance to various chemical reagents, but also has high ion exchange capacity, electric conductivity, mechanical strength and dimensional stability, low membrane resistance and long service life, and is suitable for usage in fuel cells or high-temperature fuel cells. The invention also provides a preparation method and applications of the resin.

The invention relates to a liquid drop micro-fluidic chip used for detecting the diabetes with high sensitivity and a detection method, and belongs to the technical field of microfluidics. The liquiddrop micro-fluidic chip sequentially comprises a cover glass layer 20, an upper fluid passageway layer 30, a lower fluid passageway layer 40 and a base layer 50; and a liquid drop micro-fluidic chip based high sensitivity diabetes detection device comprises a high pressure liquid phase chromatographic pump 2, a sample inlet valve 3, the liquid drop micro-fluidic chip 6, a deuterium lamp and a halogen tungsten lamp source 10, an ultraviolet-visible light spectrometer 11 and data processing software 13. The provided micro-fluidic chip is small in size, low in cost and simple in operation, and isfavorable for real-time detection on the site. The high sensitivity diabetes detection method is not only suitable for the high sensitivity detection of a sample HbA1c, but also suitable for detection of biomacromolecules like polypeptide, nucleic acid and protein.

The invention relates to application of an activated aluminum oxide defluorination adsorbing material with different surface features. According to the activated aluminum oxide defluorination adsorbing material with different surface features, chloride ions which can be subjected to an ion exchange reaction with fluoride ions are imported to the surface of the activated aluminum oxide defluorination adsorbing material, so that the anion exchange capacity and the defluorination adsorbing capacity are greatly improved and then excellent defluorination adsorbing property is shown; meanwhile, compared with the traditional activated aluminum oxide, the preparation complexity and the preparation cost are not improved; the defluorination process of the activated aluminum oxide defluorination adsorbing material with different surface features is realized through a plurality of ways such as adsorption, complexation, chelation and ion exchange, and the adsorbing sites are rich, so that favorable adsorbing capability is achieved; the application process of the activated aluminum oxide defluorination adsorbing material with different surface features is convenient and the used equipment is simple; in long-term using process, after the activated aluminum oxide defluorination adsorbing material fully adsorbs, the excellent adsorbing capability can be recovered through simple lye desorption and regeneration operation.